Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that acetylate conserved lysine amino acids on histone proteins by transferring an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to form ε-N-acetyllysine. DNA is wrapped around histones, and, by transferring an acetyl group to the histones, genes can be turned on and off. In general, histone acetylation increases gene expression.
In molecular biology, biosynthesis is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides. Biosynthesis is usually synonymous with anabolism.
N-Acetylglutamic acid (also referred to as N-acetylglutamate, abbreviated NAG, chemical formula C7H11NO5) is biosynthesized from glutamate and acetylornithine by ornithine acetyltransferase, and from glutamic acid and acetyl-CoA by the enzyme N-acetylglutamate synthase. The reverse reaction, hydrolysis of the acetyl group, is catalyzed by a specific hydrolase. It is the first intermediate involved in the biosynthesis of arginine in prokaryotes and simple eukaryotes and a regulator in the process known as the urea cycle that converts toxic ammonia to urea for excretion from the body in vertebrates.
N-Acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) is an enzyme that catalyses the production of N-acetylglutamate (NAG) from glutamate and acetyl-CoA.
In enzymology, a succinylglutamate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.71) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a N-acetylornithine carbamoyltransferase (EC 2.1.3.9) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an acetylornithine deacetylase (EC 3.5.1.16) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an aspartate N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a cysteine-S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a gentamicin 2'-N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.59) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a leucine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a lysine N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.32) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an ornithine N-benzoyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.127) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a phenylalanine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a serine O-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a tetrahydrodipicolinate N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.89) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an acetylornithine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a succinylornithine transaminase (EC 2.6.1.81) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In molecular biology, members of the ArgJ protein family are bifunctional protein that catalyses the first and fifth steps in arginine biosynthesis. The structure has been determined for glutamate N-acetyltransferase 2, an ArgJ-like protein from Streptomyces clavuligerus.
N-succinylornithine carbamoyltransferase (EC 2.1.3.11, succinylornithine transcarbamylase, N-succinyl-L-ornithine transcarbamylase, SOTCase) is an enzyme with systematic name carbamoyl phosphate:N2-succinyl-L-ornithine carbamoyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
