Glyceria acutiflora

Last updated

Contents

Glyceria acutiflora
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Pooideae
Genus: Glyceria
Species:
G. acutiflora
Binomial name
Glyceria acutiflora
Synonyms [1]
  • Festuca acutiflora(Torr.) Bigelow
  • Hemibromus japonicusSteud.
  • Panicularia acutiflora(Torr.) Kuntze

Glyceria acutiflora, the creeping mannagrass, is a perennial grass found in the north-eastern United States and in north-eastern Asia. Its specific epithet acutiflora means "acute-flowered". It has a diploid number of 40.

Description

Glyceria acutiflora is a coarse grass with flattened, slender culms growing 30–100 cm (12–39 in) high from decumbent bases. Its leaf sheaths overlap each other, with the highest overlapping the base of the panicle. Its ligules are 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) long. Its scabrous leaf blades are 6–20 cm (2.4–7.9 in) long and 1–7 mm (0.039–0.276 in) wide. Its simple or subsimple panicle is 15–40 cm (5.9–15.7 in) long, with appressed or somewhat spreading floral branches. Its subsessile spikelets are 1.5–4 cm (0.59–1.57 in) long with five to thirteen flowers. Its acute glumes are unequal, with lower glumes being 1.3–4.5 mm (0.051–0.177 in) and upper glumes 3–7 mm (0.12–0.28 in) long. Its seven-veined lemmas are 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) long, strongly acute, and scabrous; its bicuspidate paleas exceed its lemmas by 1.5–3 mm (0.059–0.118 in). The grass flowers from May to July and rarely into August. [2]

The long paleas of G. acutiflora make it one of the most distinctive species of Glyceria in North America. [3] When immature and still growing, the grass resembles Glyceria borealis . [4]

Habitat and distribution

Glyceria acutiflora can be found growing in muddy pools and the margins of ponds from New Hampshire to Michigan and south to Tennessee and Missouri. [2] The grass is a problematic weed in China, germinating over a wide range of temperatures and being resistant to osmotic and salt stress. [5]

Related Research Articles

<i>Bromus arvensis</i> Species of grass

Bromus arvensis, the field brome, is a brome grass native to Europe and Asia. The specific epithet arvensis is Latin, meaning "of cultivated land".

<i>Bromus hordeaceus</i> Species of grass

Bromus hordeaceus, the soft brome, is an annual or biennial species of grass in the grass family (Poaceae). It is also known in North America as bull grass, soft cheat, and soft chess.

<i>Bromus secalinus</i> Species of grass

Bromus secalinus is a species of bromegrass known as rye brome. The specific epithet secalinus is Latin, meaning "rye-like". The fruits are hard, rounded glumes that appear superficially similar to the rye grain, which gives the brome its common and scientific name. The grass has a diploid number of 28.

<i>Bromus briziformis</i> Species of grass

Bromus briziformis is a species of brome grass known by the common name rattlesnake brome. The specific epithet briziformis comes from the resemblance of the grass to grasses of the genus Briza, particularly Briza maxima. The common name is derived from the resemblance of the spikelets to the rattles of rattlesnakes. The grass has a diploid number of 14.

<i>Bromus catharticus</i> Species of grass

Bromus catharticus is a species of brome grass known by the common names rescuegrass, grazing brome, prairie grass, and Schrader's bromegrass. The specific epithet catharticus is Latin, meaning cathartic. The common name rescuegrass refers to the ability of the grass to provide forage after harsh droughts or severe winters. The grass has a diploid number of 42.

<i>Bromus ciliatus</i> Species of grass

Bromus ciliatus is a species of brome grass known by the common name fringed brome. It is native to most of North America, including most of Canada, most of the United States except for some portions of the South, and northern Mexico. It is a plant of many habitats, including temperate coniferous forest. The specific epithet ciliatus is Latin for "ciliate", referring to the delicate hairs of the leaf blades.

<i>Bromus kalmii</i> Species of grass

Bromus kalmii, Kalm's brome, is a species of brome grass. It is a native bunchgrass in the North-central and Northeastern United States, the Great Lakes region, and eastern Canada. The specific epithet kalmii refers to its discoverer Pehr Kalm.

<i>Melica ciliata</i> Species of plant

Melica ciliata, the hairy melic or silky spike melic, is a species of flowering plant in the grass family Poaceae, native to Europe, north Africa and temperate Asia. It has been introduced to South Australia.

Hopia obtusa is a species of grass commonly known as vine mesquite. This plant was treated as Panicum obtusum until recently when more molecular and genetic material revealed new information about it. Hopia obtusa is now placed in the monotypic genus Hopia.

Melica subflava, is a species of grass that is endemic to China.

<i>Bromus japonicus</i> Species of grass

Bromus japonicus, the Japanese brome, is an annual brome grass native to Eurasia. The grass has a diploid number of 14.

<i>Bromus squarrosus</i> Species of grass

Bromus squarrosus, the rough brome, is a brome grass native to Russia and Europe. The specific epithet squarrosus is Latin, meaning "with spreading tips". The grass has a diploid number of 14.

<i>Festuca brachyphylla</i> Species of grass

Festuca brachyphylla, commonly known as alpine fescue or short-leaved fescue, is a grass native to Eurasia, North America, and the Arctic. The grass is used for erosion control and revegetation. The specific epithet brachyphylla means "short-leaved". The grass has a diploid number of 28, 42, or 44. This species was first described in 1827.

<i>Festuca saximontana</i> Species of grass

Festuca saximontana, the rocky mountain fescue or the mountain fescue, is a perennial grass native to North America. The specific epithet saximontana is Latin and means "of the Rocky Mountains". The grass has a diploid number of 42.

Puccinellia laurentiana is a perennial grass which grows on gravelly seashores in south-eastern Canada. Its specific epithet "laurentiana" refers to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, where it grows.

Puccinellia lucida is a perennial grass which grows in south-eastern Canada and occasionally elsewhere in the United States. Its specific epithet lucida means "shining", referring to the plant's lustrous glumes.

<i>Glyceria melicaria</i> Species of grass

Glyceria melicaria, the melic mannagrass or northeastern mannagrass, is a perennial grass found in the eastern United States. Its specific epithet melicaria means "similar to Melica". Its diploid number is 40.

<i>Eragrostis mexicana</i> Species of grass

Eragrostis mexicana, the Mexican lovegrass, is an annual grass found from North America down to Argentina. Its specific epithet "mexicana" means "from Mexico". Its diploid number is 60.

<i>Sphenopholis intermedia</i> Species of grass

Sphenopholis intermedia, the slender wedgegrass or slender wedgescale, is an annual grass native to North America. The specific epithet "intermedia" means "intermediate". The diploid number is 14.

<i>Brachyelytrum erectum</i> Species of grass

Brachyelytrum erectum, known as the southern shorthusk or the southern long-awned woodgrass, is a perennial grass native to North America. Its specific epithet "erectum" refers to the erect culms of the grass. Its diploid number is 22.

References

  1. Umberto Quattrocchi (2006). CRC World Dictionary of Grasses: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. CRC Press. p. 988. ISBN   9781420003222.
  2. 1 2 Merrit Lyndon Fernald (1970). R. C. Rollins (ed.). Gray's Manual of Botany (Eighth (Centennial) - Illustrated ed.). D. Van Nostrand Company. p. 113. ISBN   0-442-22250-5.
  3. Flora of North America Editorial Committee (1993). Flora of North America: North of Mexico. Vol. 24. Oxford University Press. p. 83. ISBN   9780195310719.
  4. Arthur Blewitt (1911). Benjamin Robinson (ed.). "Some Introduced Plants of Connecticut". Rhodora. 13 (145). New England Botanical Club: 92.
  5. Wei, Tang; Yuan, Xie; Lu, Yongliang; Chen, Jie (2019). "Seed germination ecology of creeping mannagrass (Glyceria acutiflora) and response to POST herbicides". Weed Biology and Management. 19 (1). Wiley Online Library: 19–27. doi:10.1111/wbm.12172.