Grias

Last updated

Grias
Cauliforous flower.jpg
Grias neuberthii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Lecythidaceae
Subfamily: Lecythidoideae
Genus: Grias
L.
Type species
Grias cauliflora
L.

Grias is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lecythidaceae, described by Linnaeus in 1759. [1] [2] It is native to northwestern South America, Central America, and Jamaica. [3]

They are small to medium-sized trees, growing to 5–15 m (16–49 ft) tall. The leaves are evergreen, alternate, simple, broad lanceolate, very large, up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) long, with an entire or waved margin. The flowers are creamy white to yellow, with four petals; they are cauliflorous, produced in clusters on the trunk and stouter branches. The fruit is 6–15 cm (2.4–5.9 in) long, with a fleshy coat; it is edible in several species. [4] [5] [6]

Grias neuberthii extracts show in vitro activity against human cancer cells. [7]

Accepted species [3]
  1. Grias angustipetala - Ecuador
  2. Grias cauliflora - Anchovy pear - Central America, Jamaica, Colombia
  3. Grias colombiana - Colombia
  4. Grias ecuadorica - Ecuador
  5. Grias haughtii - Colombia
  6. Grias longirachis - Ecuador
  7. Grias multinervia - Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela
  8. Grias neuberthii - Sachamangua - Ecuador, Colombia, Peru
  9. Grias peruviana - Sachamangua - Ecuador, Peru
  10. Grias purpuripetala - Colombia [8]
  11. Grias subbullata - Ecuador
  12. Grias theobromicarpa - Pichincha

Related Research Articles

<i>Psidium</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae

Psidium is a genus of trees and shrubs in the family Myrtaceae. It is native to warmer parts of the Western Hemisphere.

<i>Coccocypselum</i> Genus of flowering plants in the coffee family Rubiaceae

Coccocypselum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, the West Indies and South America. All species of the genus Coccocypselum are herbaceous with fleshy, blue or purple fruits, and 4-petaled flowers.

<i>Ugni</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae

Ugni is a genus of plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae, described as a genus in 1848. It is native to western Latin America from the Valdivian temperate rain forests of southern Chile and adjacent regions of southern Argentina, north to southern Mexico.

<i>Couratari</i> Genus of flowering plants

Couratari is a genus of trees in the family Lecythidaceae, first described as a genus in 1775. They are native to tropical South America and Central America.

Oblivia is a genus of flowering plant in the tribe Heliantheae within the family Asteraceae.

<i>Pseudogynoxys</i>

Pseudogynoxys is a genus of flowering plant in the groundsel tribe within the sunflower family, native to North and South America.

<i>Brunellia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Brunellia is a genus of trees. They are distributed in the mountainous regions of southern Mexico, Central America, West Indies, and South America. Brunellia is the only genus in the family Brunelliaceae. As of 2001 there were about 54 species.

<i>Cameraria</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Cameraria is a genus of plants in family Apocynaceae, first described for modern science by Linnaeus in 1753. It is native to southern Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies.

<i>Hirtella</i> Genus of plants

Hirtella is a genus of 110 species of woody trees in family Chrysobalanaceae. It was first described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. Hirtella naturally occurs in tropical forests throughout Latin America, the West Indies, southeast Africa, and Madagascar. The flowers are mainly pollinated by butterflies.

<i>Celtis ehrenbergiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Celtis ehrenbergiana, called the desert hackberry or spiny hackberry, is a plant species that has long been called C. pallida by many authors, including in the "Flora of North America" database. It is native to Arizona, Florida, New Mexico and Texas, and to Latin America as far south as central Argentina. It grows in dry locations such as deserts, brushlands, canyons, mesas and grasslands.

Randia nicaraguensis is a plant species endemic to Nicaragua. It occurs in tropical drought-deciduous forests at elevations below 850 m.

Cissus anisophylla is a plant species known from lowland rainforests of Panamá, Colombia, Chiapas, Brazil, Perú, Costa Rica and Ecuador.

<i>Cornutia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Cornutia is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1753. Species in this genus are native to tropical parts of the Western Hemisphere, including southern Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and northern South America.

<i>Lacmellea</i> Genus of plants

Lacmellea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae first described as a genus in 1857. It is native to South America and Central America.

  1. Lacmellea abbreviataJ.F.Morales - Colombia
  2. Lacmellea aculeata(Ducke) Monach - Peru, NW Brazil, the Guianas
  3. Lacmellea arborescens(Müll.Arg.) Markgr. - Brazil, Bolivia
  4. Lacmellea bahiensisJ.F.Morales - Bahia
  5. Lacmellea costanensisSteyerm. - N Venezuela
  6. Lacmellea densifoliata(Ducke) Markgr. - Pará
  7. Lacmellea edulisH.Karst. - Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil
  8. Lacmellea floribunda(Poepp.) Benth. & Hook.f. - Peru, NW Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana
  9. Lacmellea foxii(Stapf) Markgr. - Peru
  10. Lacmellea gracilis(Müll.Arg.) Markgr. - N Peru, NW Brazil
  11. Lacmellea guyanensis(Müll.Arg.) Monach - French Guiana
  12. Lacmellea klugiiMonach. - Peru
  13. Lacmellea macranthaJ.F.Morales - Ecuador
  14. Lacmellea microcarpa(Müll.Arg.) Markgr. - Colombia, S Venezuela, NW Brazil
  15. Lacmellea oblongataMarkgr. - SE Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  16. Lacmellea panamensis(Woodson) Markgr. - Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador
  17. Lacmellea pauciflora(Kuhlm.) Markgr. - Brazil
  18. Lacmellea peruviana(Van Heurck & Müll.Arg.) Markgr. - Peru
  19. Lacmellea pygmaeaMonach. - Amazonas State in Venezuela
  20. Lacmellea ramosissima(Müll.Arg.) Markgr. - Colombia, S Venezuela, NW Brazil
  21. Lacmellea speciosaWoodson - Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru
  22. Lacmellea standleyi(Woodson) Monach. - Belize, Guatemala, Honduras
  23. Lacmellea utilis(Arn.) Markgr. - S Venezuela, Guyana
  24. Lacmellea zamoraeJ.F.Morales - Costa Rica

Laubertia, a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, was first described 1844. They are native to Mexico, Central America, and South America.

Laxoplumeria is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1947. They are native to Panama and South America.

<i>Fischeria</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Fischeria is a plant genus in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1813. It is native to South America, Central America, southern Mexico, and the West Indies.

Tassadia is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1844. It is native primarily to South America, with one species extending north into Central America, S Mexico, and Trinidad.

<i>Macroscepis</i> Genus of plants

Macroscepis is a genus of plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1819. It is native to Latin America and the West Indies.

<i>Siphoneugena</i> Genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae

Siphoneugena is a genus of the botanical family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1856. It is native to Central and South America as well as the West Indies.

References

  1. Linnaeus, Carl von. 1759. Systema Naturae, Editio Decima 2: 1075 in Latin
  2. Tropicos, Grias L.
  3. 1 2 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  4. Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. 4(1): i–xvi, 1–855. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Flora Mesoamericana. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México
  5. Molina Rosito, A. 1975. Enumeración de las plantas de Honduras. Ceiba 19(1): 1–118.
  6. Stevens, W. D., C. Ulloa Ulloa, A. Pool & O. M. Montiel. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 85: i–xlii,.
  7. Guamán-Ortiz, Luis M.; Romero-Benavides, Juan C.; Suarez, Alirica I.; Torres-Aguilar, Stephania; Castillo-Veintimilla, Paola; Samaniego-Romero, Jimmy; Ortiz-Diaz, Kevin; Bailon-Moscoso, Natalia (1 April 2020). "Cytotoxic Property of Grias neuberthii Extract on Human Colon Cancer Cells: A Crucial Role of Autophagy". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2020: e1565306. doi: 10.1155/2020/1565306 . PMC   7152961 . PMID   32328120.
  8. Mori, Scott, J. García-González, S. Angel & C. Alvarado. Grias purpuripetala (Lecythidaceae), a new purple-flowered species from southern Colombia. Britonnia 62, 2010/06/01, pp. 105-109