Grumman G-73 Mallard

Last updated
G-73 Mallard
Pearl aviation Grumman G-73 Mallard DRW Butler.jpg
Grumman G-73T Turbo Mallard of Pearl Aviation landing at Darwin Airport (2010)
General information
TypeAmphibious airliner
Manufacturer Grumman
StatusIn service, mainly private and 3 with Paspaley Pearling Company
Primary user Chalk's Ocean Airways (historic)
Number built59
History
Manufactured1946–1951
First flight30 April 1946
Developed into Grumman HU-16 Albatross

The Grumman G-73 Mallard is a medium, twin-engined amphibious aircraft. Many have been modified by replacing the original Pratt & Whitney Wasp H radial engines with modern turboprop engines. Manufactured from 1946 to 1951, production ended when Grumman's larger SA-16 Albatross was introduced.

Contents

Design and development

G-73 Mallard at the Air Zoo Air Zoo December 2019 138 (Grumman G-73 Mallard).jpg
G-73 Mallard at the Air Zoo

Building on the success of the Goose and Widgeon, Grumman Aircraft developed larger G-73 Mallard for commercial use. Retaining many of the features of the smaller aircraft, such as twin radial engines, high wings with underwing floats, retractable landing gear and a large straight tail, the company built 59 Mallards between 1946 and 1951. Unlike the smaller aircraft, the Mallard featured tricycle gear, stressed skin, a two-step hull and wingtip fuel tanks.

Operational history

Northern Consolidated Air G-73 Mallard (Katmai National Park & Preserve) Grumman G-73 Ward Wells collection AMHA US-Gov.jpg
Northern Consolidated Air G-73 Mallard (Katmai National Park & Preserve)

The Mallard prototype first flew on 30 April 1946, with the first production aircraft entering service in September of that year. While the Mallard was designed for regional airline operations with two pilots and ten passengers, especially aimed at harbor-based, city-to-city hops on the eastern seaboard, postwar surplus aircraft sales and the availability of smaller airports limited market potential. A number of smaller air carriers did use the Mallard in its intended role, notably Tahiti-Hawaii Airlines and Pacific Western Airlines (Canada). However, most of the 59 Mallards delivered were for corporate use. A prominent user in the United States was Roy Fruehauf and the Fruehauf Trailer Corporation. Fruehauf owned and operated a fishing camp, Killarney Lodge at Georgian Bay, Canada, and ferried customers there from Detroit. Another Detroiter, William Packer of General Motors, also owned a Mallard, which he often flew to Killarney. [1] another Mallard was purchased in the early 1950s by the Aga Khan.

The Toronto Globe & Mail newspaper owned one for use as a "flying newsroom". [2]

The Royal Egyptian Air Force used a Mallard as part of their Royal Flight; it was reportedly King Farouk's favourite aircraft. [3]

The Mallard received a new lease of life in the 1970s when a number of airframes were refitted by Frakes Aviation with Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6A turbines and upgraded for 17 passengers, to become "Turbo Mallards". Today, through attrition, only 32 Mallards remain registered in the United States. Many of the rest are in use around the globe.

A similar program has been undertaken by Paspaley Pearling in combination with Aeronautical Engineers Australia to fit new engines and modernize its Mallard fleet, which is used to support its pearling operations in Northern Australia. The fleet has been extensively rebuilt and also refitted with PT6A turbines, and is currently undergoing a life extension program.

Incidents

Chalk's flight 101 in 2005

Turbo Mallard of Chalk's International Airline on a scheduled service at Bimini, Bahamas, in November 1989 after arriving from Miami Harbor. This aircraft crashed as Flight 101 in 2005. Chalks Turbo Mallard at Bimini.jpg
Turbo Mallard of Chalk's International Airline on a scheduled service at Bimini, Bahamas, in November 1989 after arriving from Miami Harbor. This aircraft crashed as Flight 101 in 2005.

Chalk's Ocean Airways purchased Mallard N1208 from the Fruehauf Corporation and later acquired several other examples of the aircraft. The type received much attention after a Turbo Mallard, operating as Chalk's Ocean Airways Flight 101, crashed after takeoff from Miami Harbor on December 19, 2005, bound for Bimini, Bahamas. Eighteen passengers and two crew perished when the right wing separated from the fuselage of the 58-year-old aircraft. [4] The cause of the accident was determined by the subsequent investigation to be undetected cracks and/or corrosion in the wing spar.

Prior to 2005, Chalk's Ocean Airways had an exemplary safety record operating Mallards for many years between Florida and the Bahamas, having never had a passenger fatality since the company began operations in 1917.

Australia Day 2017 at Perth

An original radial-engine Mallard, registration VH-CQA, crashed into the Swan River in Perth, Western Australia, on 26 January, 2017, during Australia Day celebrations, killing both the pilot, Peter Lynch, and his passenger. [5] [6] The cause of the accident was listed as pilot error and poor procedures on the part of the CASA and the City of Perth. [7]

Operators

Civil operators

Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Canadian Red Ensign (1921-1957).svg  Canada
Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands New Guinea
Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States

Military operators

Flag of Egypt (1922-1958).svg  Egypt

Specifications (G-73)

3-view line drawing of the Grumman G-73 Mallard Grumman G-73 Mallard 3-view line drawing.png
3-view line drawing of the Grumman G-73 Mallard

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1948 [10]

General characteristics

Performance

See also

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Airspeed Ambassador</span> British twin piston-engined airliner, 1947

The Airspeed AS.57 Ambassador is a British twin piston-engined airliner that was designed and produced by the British aircraft manufacturer Airspeed Ltd. It was one of the first postwar airliners to be produced.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vickers Viscount</span> British four-engined medium-range turboprop airliner, 1948

The Vickers Viscount is a British medium-range turboprop airliner first flown in 1948 by Vickers-Armstrongs. A design requirement from the Brabazon Committee, it entered service in 1953 and was the first turboprop-powered airliner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cessna 208 Caravan</span> Family of utility transport aircraft

The Cessna 208 Caravan is a utility aircraft produced by Cessna. The project was commenced on November 20, 1981, and the prototype first flew on December 9, 1982. The production model was certified by the FAA in October 1984 and its Cargomaster freighter variant was developed for FedEx. The 4 ft (1.2 m) longer 208B Super Cargomaster first flew in 1986 and was developed into the passenger 208B Grand Caravan.

Chalk's International Airlines, formerly Chalk's Ocean Airways, was an airline with its headquarters on the grounds of Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in unincorporated Broward County, Florida near Fort Lauderdale. It operated scheduled seaplane services to the Bahamas. Its main base was Miami Seaplane Base (MPB) until 2001, with a hub at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport. On September 30, 2007, the United States Department of Transportation revoked the flying charter for the airline, and later that year, the airline ceased operations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grumman G-21 Goose</span> Amphibious flying boat

The Grumman G-21 Goose is an amphibious flying boat designed by Grumman to serve as an eight-seat "commuter" aircraft for businessmen in the Long Island area. The Goose was Grumman's first monoplane to fly, its first twin-engined aircraft, and its first aircraft to enter commercial airline service. During World War II, the Goose became an effective transport for the US military, as well as serving with many other air forces. During hostilities, the Goose took on an increasing number of combat and training roles.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Handley Page Jetstream</span> Turboprop regional and commuter airliner family

The Handley Page HP.137 Jetstream is a small twin-turboprop airliner, with a pressurised fuselage. The aircraft was designed to meet the requirements of the United States commuter and regional airline market. The design was later improved and built by British Aerospace as the BAe Jetstream 31 and BAe Jetstream 32, featuring different turboprop engines.

de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter Utility transport aircraft family by de Havilland Canada

The de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian STOL utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada in the mid-1960s and still in production today. Built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before re-adopting the DHC name in 2022. In 2023 DHC restarted production of the 300 series, in addition to the Series 400 produced by Viking.

de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter Utility aircraft family

The de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter is a single-engined, high-wing, propeller-driven, short take-off and landing (STOL) aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada. It was conceived to be capable of performing the same roles as the earlier and highly successful Beaver, including as a bush plane, but is overall a larger aircraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harbin Y-12</span> Utility transport aircraft

The Harbin Y-12 is a high wing twin-engine turboprop utility aircraft built by Harbin Aircraft Industry Group (HAIG).

de Havilland Heron Small propeller-driven British airliner, 1950

The de Havilland DH.114 Heron is a small propeller-driven British airliner that first flew on 10 May 1950. It was a development of the twin-engine de Havilland Dove, with a stretched fuselage and two more engines. It was designed as a rugged, conventional low-wing monoplane with tricycle undercarriage that could be used on regional and commuter routes. A total of 149 were built; it was also exported to about 30 countries. Herons later formed the basis for various conversions, such as the Riley Turbo Skyliner and the Saunders ST-27 and ST-28.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short 330</span> Transport aircraft in the UK

The Short 330 is a small turboprop transport aircraft produced by Short Brothers. It seats up to 30 people and was relatively inexpensive and had low maintenance costs at the time of its introduction in 1976. The 330 was based on the SC.7 Skyvan. The C-23 Sherpa was a military version of the 330. Production of the aircraft ended in 1992, after 141 were produced. The Short 360 was a development of the Short 330.

de Havilland Canada Dash 7 1975 airliner family by de Havilland Canada

The de Havilland Canada DHC-7, popularly known as the Dash 7, is a turboprop-powered regional airliner with short take-off and landing (STOL) performance. Variants were built with 50–54 seats. It first flew in 1975 and remained in production until 1988 when the parent company, de Havilland Canada, was purchased by Boeing in 1986 and later sold to Bombardier. In 2006 Bombardier sold the type certificate for the aircraft design to Victoria-based manufacturer Viking Air.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Short 360</span> 1981 airliner family

The Short 360 is a commuter aircraft that was built by UK manufacturer Short Brothers during the 1980s. The Short 360 seats up to 39 passengers and was introduced into service in November 1982. It is a larger version of the Short 330.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grumman Gulfstream I</span> 1958 executive aircraft family by Grumman

The Grumman Gulfstream I is a twin-turboprop business aircraft. It first flew on August 14, 1958.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beechcraft Model 99</span> Airplane

The Beechcraft Model 99 is a civilian aircraft produced by Beechcraft. It is also known as the Beech 99 Airliner and the Commuter 99. The 99 is a twin-engine, unpressurized, 15 to 17 passenger seat turboprop aircraft, derived from the earlier Beechcraft King Air and Queen Air. It uses the wings of the Queen Air, the engines and nacelles of the King Air, and sub-systems from both, with a specifically designed nose structure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chalk's Ocean Airways Flight 101</span> 2005 aviation accident

Chalk's Ocean Airways Flight 101 was an aircraft crash that occurred off Miami Beach, Florida, in the United States on December 19, 2005. All 18 passengers and both of the crew members on board the 1947 Grumman G-73T Turbine Mallard died in the crash, which was attributed to metal fatigue on the starboard wing resulting in separation of the wing from the fuselage.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II</span> Utility aircraft

The Reims-Cessna F406 Caravan II is a turboprop twin engine utility aircraft manufactured and designed by Reims Aviation in cooperation with Cessna.

Christiansted Harbor Seaplane Base, also known as St. Croix Seaplane Base, is located in the harbor by Christiansted, Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. This private-use airport is owned by the Virgin Islands Port Authority. The sea base is home to Seaborne Airlines U.S. Virgin Islands, the only multi-engine sea plane airline operating in the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swearingen Merlin</span> Type of Aircraft

The Swearingen Merlin or the Fairchild Aerospace Merlin is a pressurized, twin turboprop business aircraft first produced by Swearingen Aircraft, and later by Fairchild at a plant in San Antonio, Texas.

Miami Seaplane Base is a public-use seaplane base located 2 miles (3.2 km) east of the central business district of Miami on Watson Island in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States.

References

Notes
  1. The Fruehauf Trailer Historical Society
  2. "Video:Looking back at the Globe's flying newsrooms". The Globe and Mail . 15 October 2020.
  3. Lees, Norman Birds of Passage. Pictorial memories of visitors to Malta 1948/1950 Air Enthusiast No.74 March/April 1998 p.6 with photograph
  4. "- YouTube". YouTube .
  5. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Grumman G-73 Mallard VH-CQA Swan River, Perth, WA". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2017-01-26.
  6. "Australia Day Perth plane crash: Victims remembered as authorities search for answers". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 27 January 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  7. "Australia Day Swan River plane crash blamed on pilot error as ATSB calls for air show changes". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 18 November 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2021.
  8. Goodall 1984 , pp. 547–548
  9. 1 2 "SOUTH EAST ASIA 1960s-1970s - INDONESIA & DUTCH NEW GUINEA". goodall.com.au. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  10. Bridgman 1948, pp. 267c–268c
Bibliography