Gymnosphaera

Gymnosphaera
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Polypodiophyta
Class:	Polypodiopsida
Order:	Cyatheales
Family:	Cyatheaceae
Genus:	Gymnosphaera Blume
Type species
Gymnosphaera glabra Blume
Species
See text
Synonyms
Alsophila section Gymnosphaera(Blume) Moore Alsophila (Gymnosphaera) (Blume) Q.Xia Cyathea (Gymnosphaera) (Blume) Tindale Cyathea section Gymnosphaera(Blume) Holttum

Gymnosphaera is a genus of tree ferns in family Cyatheaceae.

Taxonomy

The genus was originally described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1828. ^[1] It was frequently treated by later authors as a synonym of Cyathea or Alsophila .

In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Gymnosphaera was left as a synonym of Alsophila, as evidence to support its reliable separation was lacking. ^[2] More recently, Shi-Yong Dong and collaborators proposed the revival and recircumscription of the genus based on additional phylogenetic evidence, ^[3] an act subsequently accepted by other tree fern workers. ^[4]

Phylogeny

As of January 2023 ^[update] , the following species are accepted in the genus as currently circumscribed by the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World: ^[5]

Phylogeny of Gymnosphaera [6] [7]

Other species include:

Gymnosphaera G. capensis (L.fil.) S.Y.Dong G. schliebenii (Reimers) S.Y.Dong Alsophila boiviniiformis (Rakotondr. & Janssen) Christenhusz 2018 G. impolita (Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong G. andohahelensis (Tardieu) Tardieu G. poolii (C.Chr.) S.Y.Dong G. rouhaniana (Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong G. salvinii (Hook.) S.Y.Dong G. hornei (Baker) Copel. Alsophila klossii (Ridl.) Tryon G. acrostichoides (Alderw.) S.Y.Dong G. schlechteri (Brause) Copel. G. olivacea (Brause) S.Y.Dong G. phlebodes (Lehnert & Coritico) S.Y.Dong G. baileyana (Domin) S.Y.Dong G. rebeccae (F.Muell.) S.Y.Dong G. annae (Alderw.) S.Y.Dong G. dimorpha (Christ) S.Y.Dong G. biformis (Rosenst.) Copel. G. scandens (Brause) S.Y.Dong G. ramispina (Hook.) Copel. G. ogurae (Hayata) Tagawa G. subdubia (Alderw.) S.Y.Dong G. khasyana (T.Moore ex Kuhn) Ching G. lurida (Blume) S.Y.Dong G. denticulata (Baker) Copel. G. bachmaensis S.Y.Dong G. podophylla (Hook.) Copel. G. salletii (Tardieu & C.Chr. ex C.Chr. & Tardieu) S.Y.Dong G. austroyunnanensis (S.G.Lu) S.G.Lu & Chun X.Li G. saxicola S.Y.Dong & Z.Y.Zuo G. gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) J.Sm. G. metteniana (Hance) Tagawa G. andersonii (Scott ex Beddome) Ching & Wu G. glabra Blume

Gymnosphaera alticola Tardieu Gymnosphaera atropurpurea (Copel.) Copel. Gymnosphaera bonii (Christ) S.Y.Dong Gymnosphaera commutata (Mett.) S.Y.Dong Gymnosphaera henryi (Baker) S.R.Ghosh Gymnosphaera mildbraedii (Brause) S.Y.Dong Gymnosphaera nicklesii Tardieu & F.Ballard ex Tardieu Gymnosphaera ramispinoides (M.Kato) S.Y.Dong Gymnosphaera rubella (Holttum) S.Y.Dong

References

1. Blume, Carl Ludwig (1828). Enumeratio plantarum Javae. Vol. 2. p. 242.
2. PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi: 10.1111/jse.12229 . S2CID   39980610.
3. Dong, Shi-Yong; Zuo, Zheng-Yu (2018). "On the Recognition of Gymnosphaera As a Distinct Genus in Cyatheaceae". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 103 (1): 1–23. doi:10.3417/2017049. S2CID   90852235.
4. Loiseau, Oriane; Weigand, Anna; Noben, Sarah; Rolland, Jonathan; Silvestro, Daniele; Kessler, Michael; Lehnert, Marcus; Salamin, Nicolas (2020). "Slowly but surely: gradual diversification and phenotypic evolution in the hyper-diverse tree fern family Cyatheaceae". Annals of Botany. 125 (1): 93–103. doi:10.1093/aob/mcz145. PMC   6948215 . PMID   31562744.
5. Hassler, Michael (19 January 2023). "Gymnosphaera". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 14.1. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
6. Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13 909768. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.909768 . PMC   9449725 . PMID   36092417.
7. "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.7.0 (GenBank release 261). 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2025.