Gymnosphaera

Last updated

Gymnosphaera
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Cyatheales
Family: Cyatheaceae
Genus: Gymnosphaera
Blume
Type species
Gymnosphaera glabra
Species

See text.

Synonyms
  • Alsophila section Gymnosphaera(Blume) Moore
  • Alsophila subgen. Gymnosphaera(Blume) Q.Xia
  • Cyathea subgen. Gymnosphaera(Blume) Tindale
  • Cyathea sect. Gymnosphaera(Blume) Holttum

Gymnosphaera is a genus of tree ferns in family Cyatheaceae.

Contents

Taxonomy

The genus was originally described by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1828. [1] It was frequently treated by later authors as a synonym of Cyathea or Alsophila .

In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), Gymnosphaera was left as a synonym of Alsophila, as evidence to support its reliable separation was lacking. [2] More recently, Shi-Yong Dong and collaborators proposed the revival and recircumscription of the genus based on additional phylogenetic evidence, [3] an act subsequently accepted by other tree fern workers. [4]

Phylogeny

As of January 2023, the following species are accepted in the genus as currently circumscribed by the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World: [5]

Phylogeny of Gymnosphaera [6] [7]

Gymnosphaera

G. capensis (L.fil.) S.Y.Dong

G. schliebenii (Reimers) S.Y.Dong

G. boivinii (Mett. ex Ettingsh.) Tardieu

G. impolita (Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong

G. andohahelensis (Tardieu) Tardieu

G. poolii (C.Chr.) S.Y.Dong

G. rouhaniana (Rakotondr. & Janssen) S.Y.Dong

G. salvinii (Hook.) S.Y.Dong

G. hornei (Baker) Copel.

Alsophila klossii (Ridl.) Tryon

G. acrostichoides (Alderw.) S.Y.Dong

G. schlechteri (Brause) Copel.

G. olivacea (Brause) S.Y.Dong

G. phlebodes (Lehnert & Coritico) S.Y.Dong

G. baileyana (Domin) S.Y.Dong

G. rebeccae (F.Muell.) S.Y.Dong

G. annae (Alderw.) S.Y.Dong

G. dimorpha (Christ) S.Y.Dong

G. biformis (Rosenst.) Copel.

G. scandens (Brause) S.Y.Dong

G. ramispina (Hook.) Copel.

G. ogurae (Hayata) Tagawa

G. subdubia (Alderw.) S.Y.Dong

G. khasyana (T.Moore ex Kuhn) Ching

G. lurida (Blume) S.Y.Dong

G. denticulata (Baker) Copel.

G. bachmaensis S.Y.Dong

G. podophylla (Hook.) Copel.

G. salletii (Tardieu & C.Chr. ex C.Chr. & Tardieu) S.Y.Dong

G. austroyunnanensis (S.G.Lu) S.G.Lu & Chun X.Li

G. saxicola S.Y.Dong & Z.Y.Zuo

G. gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) J.Sm.

G. metteniana (Hance) Tagawa

G. andersonii (Scott ex Beddome) Ching & Wu

G. glabra Blume

Other species include:

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyatheaceae</span> Family of ferns

The Cyatheaceae are a family of ferns, the scaly tree ferns, one of eight families in the order Cyatheales in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016. Alternatively, the family may defined much more broadly as the only family in the Cyatheales, with the PPG I family treated as the subfamily Cyatheoideae. The narrower circumscription is used in this article.

<i>Microsorum</i> Genus of ferns

Microsorum is a genus of ferns in the family Polypodiaceae, subfamily Microsoroideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). The species are tropical. Like most ferns, they grow from rhizomes, rather than roots. The genus name is often misspelled "Microsorium" or "Microsoreum". It includes some species that are lithophytic rheophytes.

<i>Sphaeropteris</i> Genus of ferns

Sphaeropteris is a genus of tree fern in the family Cyatheaceae. It has been treated as a subgenus within the genus Cyathea, but is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016.

<i>Alsophila</i> (plant) Genus of ferns

Alsophila is a genus of tree ferns in the family Cyatheaceae. It has also been considered to be a section in the subgenus Cyathea of the genus Cyathea.

<i>Bolbitis</i> Genus of ferns

Bolbitis is a genus of ferns in the family Dryopteridaceae, subfamily Elaphoglossoideae, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016.

<i>Plagiogyria</i> Genus of ferns

Plagiogyria is a genus of ferns, the only genus in family Plagiogyriaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016. Alternatively, the family may be treated as the subfamily Plagiogyrioideae of a very broadly defined family Cyatheaceae, the placement used for the genus in Plants of the World Online as of November 2019.

<i>Saccoloma</i> Genus of ferns

Saccoloma is a fern genus in family Saccolomataceae. It is the only genus in the family in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016, but further investigation is needed. It is pantropical and its species are found in wet, shaded forest areas. Saccoloma species are characterized by an omega-shaped (Ω) vascular bundle in the cross-sections of their petioles. The common name soralpouch fern is used for Saccoloma.

<i>Tectaria</i> Genus of ferns

Tectaria is a genus of fern in the family Tectariaceae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016. Halberd fern is a common name for species in this genus.

<i>Trichomanes</i> Genus of ferns

Trichomanes is a genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae, termed bristle ferns. The circumscription of the genus is disputed. All ferns in the genus are filmy ferns, with leaf tissue typically 2 cells thick. This thinness generally necessitates a permanently humid habitat, and makes the fronds somewhat translucent. Because of this membrane-like frond tissue, the plant is prone to drying out. “Filmy ferns” in the taxa Hymenophyllaceae grow in constantly wet environments. Many are found in cloud forests such as “Choco” in Colombia. There are also members of the taxa that can grow submersed in water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lomariopsidaceae</span> Family of ferns

The Lomariopsidaceae is a family of ferns with a largely tropical distribution. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Polypodiineae of the order Polypodiales. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Lomariopsidoideae of a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae sensu lato.

<i>Angiopteris</i> Genus of plants

Angiopteris is a genus of huge evergreen ferns from the family Marattiaceae, found throughout the paleotropics from Madagascar to the South Pacific islands. Species of smaller stature with elongate synangia and creeping rhizomes are sometimes segregated into the genus Archangiopteris, and a once-pinnate monotypic segregate genus has been called Macroglossum, but molecular data supports inclusion of these taxa within a broad concept of Angiopteris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cystopteridaceae</span> Family of ferns

Cystopteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Polypodiales. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), the family is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae of the order Polypodiales, and includes three genera. Alternatively, it may be treated as the subfamily Cystopteridoideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae.

<i>Ptisana</i> Genus of ferns

Ptisana is a genus in the eusporangiate fern family Marattiaceae, comprising species historically treated in the genus Marattia. The establishment of this genus follows the 2008 work by Andrew G. Murdock, which supported recognition of this group on the basis of genetic analysis and morphology. Ptisana can be distinguished from Marattia by the presence of distinct sutures at the point of leaflet attachment, deeply cut synangia, and the absence of labiate sporangial apertures. The name Ptisana is derived from the Latin word for pearl barley, an allusion to the shape of the synangia.

<i>Metaxya</i> Genus of ferns

Metaxya is a neotropical genus of ferns in the order Cyatheales. It is the only genus in the family Metaxyaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016. Alternatively, the genus may be placed in the subfamily Metaxyoideae of a more broadly defined family Cyatheaceae, the family placement used in Plants of the World Online as of November 2019.

<i>Didymoglossum</i> Genus of ferns

Didymoglossum is a tropical genus of ferns in the family Hymenophyllaceae. It comprises more than 30 epilithic or low-epiphytic species under two subgenera. The genus is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016, but not by some other sources which sink it into a broadly defined Trichomanes.

<i>Vandenboschia</i> Genus of ferns

Vandenboschia is a fern genus in the family Hymenophyllaceae. The genus is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 but not by some other sources.

<i>Abrodictyum</i> Genus of ferns

Abrodictyum is a fern genus in the family Hymenophyllaceae. The genus is accepted in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 but not by some other sources, which sink it into a broadly defined Trichomanes.

<i>Diplopterygium</i> Genus of ferns

Diplopterygium is a genus of ferns in the family Gleicheniaceae.

<i>Syngramma</i> Genus of ferns

Syngramma is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Pteridoideae of the family Pteridaceae. Species are native to south-east tropical Asia and the Pacific.

Vaginularia is a genus of ferns in the subfamily Vittarioideae of the family Pteridaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016. Other sources sink the genus into Monogramma, a genus not recognized in PPG I.

References

  1. Blume, Carl Ludwig (1828). Enumeratio plantarum Javae. Vol. 2. p. 242.
  2. PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi: 10.1111/jse.12229 . S2CID   39980610.
  3. Dong, Shi-Yong; Zuo, Zheng-Yu (2018). "On the Recognition of Gymnosphaera As a Distinct Genus in Cyatheaceae". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 103 (1): 1–23. doi:10.3417/2017049. S2CID   90852235.
  4. Loiseau, Oriane; Weigand, Anna; Noben, Sarah; Rolland, Jonathan; Silvestro, Daniele; Kessler, Michael; Lehnert, Marcus; Salamin, Nicolas (2020). "Slowly but surely: gradual diversification and phenotypic evolution in the hyper-diverse tree fern family Cyatheaceae". Annals of Botany. 125 (1): 93–103. doi:10.1093/aob/mcz145. PMC   6948215 . PMID   31562744.
  5. Hassler, Michael (19 January 2023). "Gymnosphaera". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. 14.1. Retrieved January 21, 2023.
  6. Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 909768. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.909768 . PMC   9449725 . PMID   36092417.
  7. "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.5.0 [GenBank release 256]. 2023. Retrieved 17 August 2023.