Gymnostoma australianum | |
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Foliage, fruits and flowers | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Rosids |
Order: | Fagales |
Family: | Casuarinaceae |
Genus: | Gymnostoma |
Species: | G. australianum |
Binomial name | |
Gymnostoma australianum | |
Gymnostoma australianum, commonly known as the Daintree pine or Daintree oak, is a species of small tree which is endemic to a restricted area of the Daintree tropical rainforests region, within the Wet Tropics of north-eastern Queensland, Australia. [1] [3] [4] [5] It is a member of the plant family Casuarinaceae, often named she-oaks, members of which are characterised by drooping equisetoid (meaning "to look like Equisetum ") evergreen foliage, and separate male and female flowers (unisexual). [1] Superficially they look like well known scale–leaved gymnosperm trees species, such as Cupressus in the northern hemisphere and Callitris in the southern hemisphere.
Within its restricted distribution in the Daintree rainforests region, Gymnostoma australianum usually grows in open, sunny, long-term rainforest gaps, ranging from the lowlands to the uplands, and from regularly flooded areas alongside water courses through to rocky or exposed, wet, cloudy, mountain top situations, with recorded collections from sea level to 1,350 m (4,430 ft) altitude. [1] [3] [4] [5]
The roots have nitrogen-fixing nodules. [1] It grows into a small tree of up to 7 m (23 ft) tall. Mature trees bear cone–structure fruits 7–15 mm (0.3–0.6 in) long X 8–15 mm (0.3–0.6 in) wide. When ripe the cone's numerous valves open to release the dark–coloured winged seeds 7–8 mm long. [1] [4] [5]
Gymnostoma australianum has been given the conservation status of vulnerable under the Queensland government's Nature Conservation Act 1992. [6]
Sankowskya is a genus of plants. The sole known species, Sankowskya stipularis, is a tree endemic to one locality in the Wet Tropics rainforests of northeastern Queensland, Australia. The species constitutes part of the plant family Picrodendraceae. Few botanical collections have ever been made of the trees, from a very restricted area of the Wet Tropics rainforests, hence the species has obtained the conservation status of "endangered" in the legislative regulation of the Queensland Government's Nature Conservation Act 1992. Notably, trees grow naturally in the Thylogale Nature Refuge.
The Daintree River is a river that rises in the Daintree Rainforest near Cape Tribulation in Far North Queensland, Australia. The river is located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Cairns in the UNESCO World Heritage–listed Wet Tropics of Queensland. The area is now primarily a tourist attraction.
Romnalda is a genus of monocotyledonous plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Lomandroideae. As of December 2013 four formally named species are known and accepted by botanical science.
Buckinghamia is a genus of only two known species of trees, belonging to the plant family Proteaceae. They are endemic to the rainforests of the wet tropics region of north eastern Queensland, Australia. The ivory curl flower, B. celsissima, is the well known, popular and widely cultivated species in gardens and parks, in eastern and southern mainland Australia, and additionally as street trees north from about Brisbane. The second species, B. ferruginiflora, was only recently described in 1988.
Canarium australianum is a species of trees, native to Australia and Papua New Guinea, of the plant family Burseraceae. Common names include mango bark, scrub turpentine, carrot wood, parsnip wood, Melville Island white beech and brown cudgerie.
Normanbya is a monotypic genus of palms containing the single species Normanbya normanbyi, which is known by the common name black palm It is endemic to Queensland, Australia and is threatened by habitat destruction.
Gymnostoma is a genus of about eighteen species of trees and shrubs, constituting one of the four genera of the plant family Casuarinaceae. The species grow naturally in the tropics, including at high altitudes having temperate climates, in forests in the region of the western Pacific ocean and Malesia. In New Caledonia, published botanical science describes eight species found growing naturally, which botanists have not found anywhere else (endemics). Additional species have been found across Burma, Sumatra, Borneo, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Ambon Island, the Moluccas, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands, and one endemic species each in Fiji and the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia.
Stockwellia is a genus of a single described species of large Australian trees, constituting part of the plant family Myrtaceae and included in the eucalypts group. The species Stockwellia quadrifida sometimes has the common names of stockwellia or Vic Stockwell's puzzle.
Hollandaea is a small genus of plants in the family Proteaceae containing four species of Australian rainforest trees. All four species are endemic to restricted areas of the Wet Tropics of northeast Queensland.
Lasjia is a genus of five species of trees of the family Proteaceae. Three species grow naturally in northeastern Queensland, Australia and two species in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Descriptively they are the tropical or northern macadamia trees group. Lasjia species characteristically branched compound inflorescences differentiate them from the Macadamia species, of Australia, which have characteristically unbranched compound inflorescences and only grow naturally about 1,000 km (620 mi) further to the south, in southern and central eastern Queensland and in northeastern New South Wales.
Eucryphia wilkiei is a species of rainforest shrubs endemic to restricted areas of cloud forests on mountain tops in the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Queensland, Australia. As of November 2013, botanists classify Eucryphia in the family Cunoniaceae.
Mischarytera is a genus of rainforest trees, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae. Four species are known to science as of December 2013, found growing naturally in eastern Queensland, Australia, and in New Guinea. Formerly until 1995, they had names within the genus Arytera, subgenus Mischarytera.
Canarium acutifolium is a forest tree species, of the plant family Burseraceae, growing naturally in New Guinea, the Moluccas, Sulawesi, New Britain, New Ireland, Bougainville and in lowland north-eastern Queensland, Australia.
Helicia lamingtoniana, also named Lamington's silky oak, is a species of rainforest trees, of northeastern Queensland, Australia, from the flowering plant family Proteaceae.
Gillbeea is a genus of three species of Australasian rainforest trees from the family Cunoniaceae.
Hollandaea sayeriana, sometimes named Sayer's silky oak, is a small species of Australian rainforest trees in the plant family Proteaceae.
Hollandaea riparia, sometimes named roaring Meg hollandaea, is a species of Australian rainforest tree, in the plant family Proteaceae.
Hollandaea diabolica is a species of Australian rainforest tree, constituting part of the plant family Proteaceae. It is endemic to restricted areas of the rainforests of the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Queensland.
Hollandaea porphyrocarpa is a species of small Australian rainforest tree in the plant family Proteaceae. It is endemic to restricted areas of the rainforests of the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Queensland.
Peripentadenia is a genus of two species of large trees from the family Elaeocarpaceae endemic to the rainforests of northeastern Queensland, Australia. Sometimes they have the common name quandong.