Gymnostoma australianum

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Gymnostoma australianum
Not a pine! not conifer. Gymnostoma australianum (14885672835).jpg
Foliage, fruits and flowers
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fagales
Family: Casuarinaceae
Genus: Gymnostoma
Species:
G. australianum
Binomial name
Gymnostoma australianum

Gymnostoma australianum, commonly known as the Daintree pine or Daintree oak, is a species of small tree which is endemic to a restricted area of the Daintree tropical rainforests region, within the Wet Tropics of north-eastern Queensland, Australia. [1] [3] [4] [5] It is a member of the plant family Casuarinaceae, often named she-oaks, members of which are characterised by drooping equisetoid (meaning "to look like Equisetum ") evergreen foliage, and separate male and female flowers (unisexual). [1] Superficially they look like well known scale–leaved gymnosperm trees species, such as Cupressus in the northern hemisphere and Callitris in the southern hemisphere.

Young tree, April 2014, in cultivation, Australian National Botanic Gardens, Canberra Gymnostoma australianum 6144.jpg
Young tree, April 2014, in cultivation, Australian National Botanic Gardens, Canberra

Within its restricted distribution in the Daintree rainforests region, Gymnostoma australianum usually grows in open, sunny, long-term rainforest gaps, ranging from the lowlands to the uplands, and from regularly flooded areas alongside water courses through to rocky or exposed, wet, cloudy, mountain top situations, with recorded collections from sea level to 1,350 m (4,430 ft) altitude. [1] [3] [4] [5]

The roots have nitrogen-fixing nodules. [1] It grows into a small tree of up to 7 m (23 ft) tall. Mature trees bear cone–structure fruits 7–15 mm (0.3–0.6 in) long X 8–15 mm (0.3–0.6 in) wide. When ripe the cone's numerous valves open to release the dark–coloured winged seeds 7–8 mm long. [1] [4] [5]

Gymnostoma australianum has been given the conservation status of vulnerable under the Queensland government's Nature Conservation Act 1992. [6]

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Stockwellia is a genus of a single described species of large Australian trees, constituting part of the plant family Myrtaceae and included in the eucalypts group. The species Stockwellia quadrifida sometimes has the common names of stockwellia or Vic Stockwell's puzzle.

Hollandaea is a small genus of plants in the family Proteaceae containing four species of Australian rainforest trees. All four species are endemic to restricted areas of the Wet Tropics of northeast Queensland.

<i>Lasjia</i> Genus of trees of the family Proteaceae

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<i>Eucryphia wilkiei</i> Species of tree

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Hollandaea sayeriana, sometimes named Sayer's silky oak, is a small species of Australian rainforest trees in the plant family Proteaceae.

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Hollandaea porphyrocarpa is a species of small Australian rainforest tree in the plant family Proteaceae. It is endemic to restricted areas of the rainforests of the Wet Tropics region of northeastern Queensland.

Peripentadenia is a genus of two species of large trees from the family Elaeocarpaceae endemic to the rainforests of northeastern Queensland, Australia. Sometimes they have the common name quandong.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Johnson, Lawrie A. S. (1989). "Gymnostoma australianum L.A.S.Johnson". In George, Alex S. (ed.). Flora of Australia: Volume 3: Hamamelidales to Casuarinales. Flora of Australia series. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing / Australian Biological Resources Study. pp. 103, 202, figs 45, 46, map 105. ISBN   978-0-644-08499-4 . Retrieved 5 Dec 2013.
  2. "Gymnostoma australianum". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) database (listing by % wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia). Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 5 Dec 2013.
  3. 1 2 F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Gymnostoma australianum". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government . Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 Prider, Jane N.; Christophel, David C. (2000). "Distributional ecology of Gymnostoma australianum (Casuarinaceae), a putative palaeoendemic of Australian wet tropic forests". Australian Journal of Botany. 48 (4): 427–434. doi:10.1071/BT99006.
  5. 1 2 3 Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). "Gymnostoma australianum L.A.S.Johnson". Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 561. ISBN   9780958174213. Archived from the original on 9 April 2013. Retrieved 5 Dec 2013.
  6. Queensland Government (27 Sep 2013). "Nature Conservation (Wildlife) Regulation 2006" (PDF). Nature Conservation Act 1992. Online, accessed from www.legislation.qld.gov.au. Australia. p. 51. Retrieved 5 Dec 2013.