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107 Piscium is a single star in the constellation of Pisces. 107 Piscium is the star's Flamsteed designation. John Flamsteed numbered the stars of Pisces from 1 to 113, publishing his Catalogus Britannicus in 1725. He accidentally numbered 107 Piscium twice, as he also allocated it the designation of 2 Arietis. This star is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude that has been measured varying between 5.14 and 5.26. However, that finding of variation was not confirmed by subsequent observations and is most likely spurious data. It is located at a distance of about 24.8 light years away from the Sun. 107 Piscium is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −33.6, and is predicted to come as close as 15.4 light-years in around 135,800 years.
18 Scorpii is a solitary star located at a distance of some 46.1 light-years from the Sun at the northern edge of the Scorpius constellation. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.5, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye outside of urban areas. The star is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +11.6.
Solar-type star, solar analogs, and solar twins are stars that are particularly similar to the Sun. The stellar classification is a hierarchy with solar twin being most like the Sun followed by solar analog and then solar-type. Observations of these stars are important for understanding better the properties of the Sun in relation to other stars and the habitability of planets.
Psi Serpentis is a triple star system within the Serpens Caput part of the equatorial constellation Serpens. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 68.22 mas as seen from Earth, it is located approximately 47.8 light years from the Sun. This system came closest approach to the Sun about 585,000 years ago when it made perihelion passage at an estimated distance of 23.27 ly (7.134 pc). Psi Serpentis is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.84.
Gamma Arae is a star in the southern constellation of Ara. With an apparent visual magnitude of 3.3, it is the fourth-brightest star in the constellation and is readily visible to the naked eye. From parallax measurements made during the Hipparcos mission, the distance to this star can be estimated as 1,110 light-years from Earth.
12 Ophiuchi is a variable star in the constellation Ophiuchus. No companions have yet been detected in orbit around this star, and it remains uncertain whether or not it possesses a dust ring.
HD 222582 is a multiple star system in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It is invisible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 7.7, but can be viewed with binoculars or a small telescope. The system is located at a distance of 138 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and it is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +12 km/s. It is located close enough to the ecliptic that it is subject to lunar occultations.
λ2 Fornacis, Latinized as Lambda2 Fornacis, is the primary of a binary star system in the southern constellation of Fornax. It is just visible to the naked eye as a dim, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.78. It is located 83 light years distant from the Sun, based on stellar parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +12 km/s.
HD 143361 is a star in the southern constellation Norma. With an apparent visual magnitude of 9.20, this star is too dim to be seen with the naked eye. It is close enough to the Earth that its distance can be determined using parallax measurements, yielding a value of roughly 224 light-years.
HD 44594 is a star in the southern constellation Puppis. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.64, so it can be seen with the naked eye from the southern hemisphere under good viewing conditions. Based upon parallax measurements, it is located at a distance of about 82 light-years from the Earth, giving it an absolute magnitude of 4.56.
HIP 100963 is a G-type star in the faint northern constellation of Vulpecula resembling the Sun. It has an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 7.1, making it generally too faint to be seen with the naked eye in most circumstances. The distance to this star, as determined using parallax measurements from the Gaia spacecraft, is around 92 light-years.
HD 133600, also known as HIP 73815, is a G-type star in the constellation of Virgo. It has an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 8.219m. It is similar to the Sun and has been called a near solar twin, as it is 1.5 billion years older than the Sun.
HD 197027 is a star in the constellation Capricornus. It has an apparent magnitude of 9.15, making it readily visible through a telescope but not to the naked eye. The object is located at a distance of 255 light years but is approaching the Solar System with a heliocentric radial velocity of −44 km/s.
HD 9986 is a Sun-like star in the equatorial constellation of Pisces. With an apparent visual magnitude of 6.77, it lies below the normal limit for visibility with the naked eye. The star is located at a distance of 83 light years from the Sun as determined from parallax measurements, but it is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −21 km/s.
HD 117939 is a Sun-like star in the southern constellation of Centaurus. With an apparent visual magnitude of 7.29 it is too faint to be viewed with the naked eye, but is within the range of binoculars or a small telescope. It is located at a distance of 98.5 light years from the Sun based on parallax measurements, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +82 km/s. This is an intermediate disk star with a high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at an angular rate of 0.68 arcsec yr−1.
HD 71334 is a Sun-like star 126.7 light years from the Sun. HD 150248 is a G-type star and an older solar analog. It is older than the sun at 8.1 billion years, compared to the sun at 4.6 billion years old. At 8.1 billion years old, HD 71334 has passed its stable burning stage. HD 71334 has a lower metallicity that the Sun. HD 71334 is found in the constellations of Puppis. Puppis is one of the 88 modern constellations recognized by the International Astronomical Union. HD 71334 has a brightness of 7.8.
HD 163840 is a binary star system in the northern constellation of Hercules. It has a combined apparent visual magnitude of 6.45, which falls just below the brightness level that is visible to the naked eye for people with normal eyesight. An annual parallax shift of 35.40 mas provides a distance estimate of about 92 light years. The system is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −33 km/s. In about 769,000 years, it will make perihelion at a separation of around 27.2 ly (8.33 pc).
HD 168009 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 6.3, placing it just above to below the normal limit of stars visible to the naked eye under good viewing conditions of 6-6.5. An annual parallax shift of 42.93 mas provides a distance estimate of 76 light years. It is moving closer to the Sun with a heliocentric radial velocity of −65 km/s. In about 328,000 years from now, the star will make its closest approach at a distance of around 17 ly (5.1 pc).
V1794 Cygni is a single variable star in the northern constellation Cygnus. It has the identifier HD 199178 from the Henry Draper Catalogue; V1794 Cygni is its variable star designation. With an apparent visual magnitude of 7.24, it's too dim to be visible with the naked eye but can be seen with binoculars. V1794 is located at a distance of 367 light-years (113 pc) based on parallax measurements, but is drifting closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −31 km/s. It lies superimposed over a region of faint nebulosity to the west of the North American Nebula.
HD 28454, also known as HR 1418, is a solitary, yellowish-white hued star located in the southern constellation Caelum, the chisel. It has an apparent magnitude of 6.1, making it faintly visible to the naked eye under ideal conditions. This star is located relatively close at a distance of about 107 light years based on parallax measurements of Gaia DR3 but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 15 km/s.
References
- 1 2 3 Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
- 1 2 3 Przybylski, A.; Kennedy, P. M. (1965). "Radial velocities and three-colour photometry of 166 southern stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 131: 95–104. Bibcode:1965MNRAS.131...95P. doi: 10.1093/mnras/131.1.95 .
- ↑ Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Garrison, R. F.; McFadden, M. T.; Bubar, E. J.; McGahee, C. E.; O'Donoghue, A. A.; Knox, E. R. (2006). "Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc-The Southern Sample". The Astronomical Journal. 132 (1): 161–170. arXiv: astro-ph/0603770 . Bibcode:2006AJ....132..161G. doi:10.1086/504637. S2CID 119476992.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 dos Santos, Leonardo A.; et al. (August 2016), "The Solar Twin Planet Search. IV. The Sun as a typical rotator and evidence for a new rotational braking law for Sun-like stars", Astronomy & Astrophysics, 592: 8, arXiv: 1606.06214 , Bibcode:2016A&A...592A.156D, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201628558, S2CID 53533614, A156.
- ↑ NASA, Science News, Solar Variability and Terrestrial Climate, Jan. 8, 2013
- ↑ University of Nebraska-Lincoln astronomy education group, Stellar Luminosity Calculator
- ↑ National Center for Atmospheric Research, The Effects of Solar Variability on Earth's Climate, 2012 Report
- ↑ Most of Earth’s twins aren’t identical, by Ethan on June 5, 2013
- ↑ Williams, D.R. (2004). "Sun Fact Sheet". NASA . Retrieved 2009-06-23.
- ↑ HD 150248 at SIMBAD - Ids - Bibliography - Image.
- ↑ Porto de Mello, G. F.; da Silva, R.; da Silva, L. & de Nader, R. V. (March 2014). "A photometric and spectroscopic survey of solar twin stars within 50 parsecs of the Sun; I. Atmospheric parameters and color similarity to the Sun". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 563: A52. arXiv: 1312.7571 . Bibcode:2014A&A...563A..52P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322277. S2CID 119111150.
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