Hamacantha | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Porifera |
Class: | Demospongiae |
Order: | Merliida |
Family: | Hamacanthidae |
Genus: | Hamacantha (Gray, 1867) |
Type species | |
Hamacantha johnsoni (Bowerbank, 1864) | |
Subgenera and species | |
See text | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Hamacantha is a genus of sponges in the family Hamacanthidae. This species in this genus differ from those in the other genera in this family through the presence of diancistras, distinctive microscleres. [2] These are thought to aid in framing the skeleton by joining monactine megascleres (that is megascleres that grow in only a single direction). [3] This genus contains 30 species in three subgenera. [4]
The following species are recognised: [4]
Subgenus Hamacantha (Hamacantha) (Gray, 1867)
Subgenus Hamacantha (Vomerula) Schmidt, 1880
Subgenus Hamacantha (Zygherpe) (Laubenfels, 1932)
Geodia is a genus of sea sponge belonging to the family Geodiidae. It is the type genus of its taxonomic family.
Polymastia is a genus of sea sponges containing about 30 species. These are small to large encrusting or dome-shaped sponges with a smooth surface having many teat-shaped projections (papillae). In areas of strong wave action, this genus does not grow the teat structures, but instead grows in a corrugated form.
Halichondria is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Halichondriidae. These are massive, amorphous sponges with clearly separated inner and outer skeletons consisting of bundles of spicules arranged in a seemingly random pattern.
Axinella is a genus of sponges in the family Axinellidae first described in 1862 by Eduard Oscar Schmidt. Species of Axinella occur in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Most of these sponges are smaller than 20 cm, and have a yellow or orange colour.
Hymeniacidon is a genus of sea sponges in the class Demospongiae. Some members of the genus are known to be mobile, achieving speeds of between 1 and 4 mm per day.
Stelletta is a genus of sea sponges belonging to the family Ancorinidae.
Clathria is a large genus of demosponges in the family Microcionidae.
Isodictya is a genus of marine demosponge in the family Isodictyidae.
Biemna is a genus of sea sponges in the family Biemnidae.
Haliclona is a genus of demosponges in the family Chalinidae.
Dictyodendrillidae is a family of sponges in the order Dendroceratida.
Myxilla is a genus of demosponge belonging to the family Myxillidae. These sponges usually form encrustations on rock surfaces.
Craniella is a genus of marine sponges in the family Tetillidae.
Euplectellidae is a family of glass sponges (Hexactinellids) belonging to the order Lyssacinosa, first represented in the Ordovician fossil record, substantially older than molecular estimates of the clade's age.
Clathria (Clathria) is a subgenus of demosponge in the family Microcionidae.
Tedania is a genus of sea sponges in the family Tedaniidae.
Mycale is a genus of demosponge with 240 recognised species in 11 subgenera. It has been a large genus with multiple subdivisions since it was first described in 1867.
Antho is a genus of sponges belonging to the family Microcionidae. The genus has a cosmopolitan distribution and is known from virtually all parts of the global ocean. There are 62 species in five subgenera.
Phorbas is a genus of demosponges belonging to the family Hymedesmiidae.
Tetilla is a genus of demosponges in the family Tetillidae. It is widely distributed. They are mainly found in deeper habitats.