Hans Christian Andersen Award

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Hans Christian Andersen Award
Hans Christian Andersen Medal.png
Awarded forOutstanding and lasting contribution to children's literature
Presented by International Board on Books for Young People
First awarded1956;68 years ago (1956)
Website ibby.org

The Hans Christian Andersen Awards are two literary awards given by the International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY), recognising one living author and one living illustrator for their "lasting contribution to children's literature". [1] The writing award was first given in 1956, the illustration award in 1966. The former is sometimes called the "Nobel Prize for children's literature".

Contents

The awards are named after Hans Christian Andersen, a 19th-century Danish author of fairy tales, and each winner receives the Hans Christian Andersen Medaille (a gold medal with the bust of Andersen) and a diploma. Medals are presented at the biennial IBBY Congress.

History

The International Board on Books for Young People (IBBY) was founded by Jella Lepman in the 1950s. [2] The Hans Christian Andersen Award was first proposed in 1953 and awarded three years later, in 1956. [3] It was established in the aftermath of World War II to encourage development of high-quality children's books. The award was set to be given biennially and was initially awarded for individual works that had been published in the preceding two years. [4] By 1962 the award's formal criteria were amended "to a living author who is judged to have made a lasting contribution to good juvenile literature by the outstanding value of his or her work. The author's complete works, in particular those in fiction, will be taken into consideration in awarding the medal." [5]

Runners up were listed in 1960, 1962, and 1964. In reflection of what IBBY considered to be a trend of increasing quality in picture books, [5] the award was expanded to include illustrators in 1966. [3] From 1966 to 1996 runners up were named as "Highly Commended". In 1998 this was replaced with a list of three to four "Finalists". [5] It is sometimes called the "Little Nobel Prize" or the "Nobel Prize for children's literature" [6] [7] and has been cited as the "most important activity" of IBBY. [2] Between 1992 and 2022 the patron of the awards was Queen Margrethe II of Denmark. [8] A special issue of Bookbird , a journal published by IBBY, is published as the award is given out. [9]

Jury

The winner of the Hans Christian Andersen Awards is selected by a jury which is put together by IBBY's executive committee. The Jury's president is elected by IBBY's General Assembly. There were initially seven jurors, [5] but this was increased to eight and in 2000 to ten. Two years later, the jury was split with five members focusing on writing and the other five handling illustrations. The jurors are expected to be competent in children's literature and ideally represent a diverse group. It generally takes six months to review candidates and select a winner. [10]

Jella Lepman served as Jury President for the first three Andersen Awards, 1956 to 1960, and remained on the jury until her death in 1970, as the President of IBBY and then as its honorary president. Current four-year terms cover two award cycles. Other notable presidents have included Virginia Haviland (1970–1974), Patricia Crampton (1982–1986), and Ana Maria Machado (1986–1990). [11]

Selection process

The award's regulations read: "The Hans Christian Award is presented every two years by IBBY to an author and to an illustrator, living at the time of the nomination, who by the outstanding value of their work are judged to have made a lasting contribution to literature for children and young people. The complete works of the author and the illustrator will be taken into consideration in the selection process". The award is explicitly designed to be an "international" work, and it is not explicitly given to a certain country. [5]

IBBY has many member nationsall countries are eligible for membership. Every member nation has its own organization, known as a "national section", that is active across the country. All member nations can nominate candidates for consideration in the Hans Christian Andersen Awards. [12] Some member states will repeatedly nominate the same author or illustrator, others nominate a new candidate each time. [13] To nominate a candidate, a dossier is prepared that provides information including a list of works and biographical sketch. The portfolio must have between five and ten books by the candidate, which are sent to jurors, IBBY's president, and the "Jury Secretary". [5] There were sixty-six nominees from thirty-three countries for the 2022 Hans Christian Andersen awards. [14]

The awards are named after Hans Christian Andersen, the 19th-century Danish author of fairy tales, and each winner receives the Hans Christian Andersen Medaille, a gold medal with the bust of Andersen, and a diploma. [2] Medals are presented at the biennial IBBY Congress. [1]

Writing award winners

Eleanor Farjeon received the first award in 1956 Eleanor Farjeon (Eleanor Fardzhon).jpg
Eleanor Farjeon received the first award in 1956
Gianni Rodari, who received the 1970 award Gianni Rodari anni cinquanta.jpg
Gianni Rodari, who received the 1970 award
Jacqueline Woodson received the award in 2020 2018-us-nationalbookfestival-jacqueline-woodson.jpg
Jacqueline Woodson received the award in 2020
Winners of the writing award [15]
YearWinnerCountryAward
1956 Eleanor Farjeon (for The Little Bookroom ) [4] Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Winner
1958 Astrid Lindgren (for Rasmus på luffen ) [4] Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Winner
1960 Erich Kästner (for Als ich ein kleiner Junge war  [ de ]) [4] Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany Winner
1962 Meindert DeJong Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
1964 René Guillot Flag of France.svg  France Winner
1966 Tove Jansson Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Winner
Karl Bruckner Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Highly Commended
Gianni Rodari Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Highly Commended
José María Sánchez-Silva Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Highly Commended
1968 James Krüss Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany Winner
José María Sánchez-Silva Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Winner
Gianni Rodari Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Highly Commended
Elizabeth Coatsworth Flag of the United States.svg  USA Highly Commended
1970 Gianni Rodari Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Winner
Ana María Matute Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Highly Commended
E. B. White Flag of the United States.svg  USA Highly Commended
Ela Peroci Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia Highly Commended
1972 Scott O'Dell Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
Colette Vivier Flag of France.svg  France Highly Commended
Otfried Preussler Flag of Germany.svg  West Germany Highly Commended
Ana María Matute Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Highly Commended
Maria Gripe Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Highly Commended
Sergei Mikhalkov Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union Highly Commended
Siny van Iterson Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands
1974 Maria Gripe Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Winner
Cecil Bødker Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Highly Commended
Colette Vivier Flag of France.svg  France Highly Commended
Rosemary Sutcliff Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Highly Commended
1976 Cecil Bødker Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Winner
Agnija Barto Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union Highly Commended
E. B. White Flag of the United States.svg  USA Highly Commended
1978 Paula Fox Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
Alan Garner Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Highly Commended
1980 Bohumil Říha Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Winner
Lygia Bojunga Nunes Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Highly Commended
Harry Kuliman  [ sv ]Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Highly Commended
1982 Lygia Bojunga Nunes Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Winner
1984 Christine Nöstlinger Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Winner
Patricia Wrightson Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Highly Commended
1986 Patricia Wrightson Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Winner
1988 Annie M. G. Schmidt Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Winner
Claude Roy Flag of France.svg  France Highly Commended
1990 Tormod Haugen Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Winner
Bjarne Reuter Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Highly Commended
1992 Virginia Hamilton Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
María Elena Walsh Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Highly Commended
Houshang Moradi Kermani Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Highly Commended
1994 Michio Mado Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Winner
1996 Uri Orlev Flag of Israel.svg  Israel Winner
1998 Katherine Paterson Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
Brian Doyle Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Finalist
Ruskin Bond Flag of India.svg  India Finalist
Alice Vieira Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Finalist
Anne Fine Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Finalist
2000 Ana Maria Machado Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Winner
Ulf Stark Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Finalist
Peter Dickinson Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Finalist
Lois Lowry Flag of the United States.svg  USA Finalist
2002 Aidan Chambers Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Winner
Bart Moeyaert Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Finalist
Bjarne Reuter Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Finalist
2004 Martin Waddell Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland Winner
Barbro Lindgren Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Finalist
Bjarne Reuter Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Finalist
Joel Rufino dos Santos Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
Jürg Schubiger Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Finalist
2006 Margaret Mahy Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Winner
Jon Ewo Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Finalist
Peter Härtling Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Philip Pullman Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Finalist
Toon Tellegen Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
Eugene Trivizas Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Finalist
2008 Jürg Schubiger Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Winner
Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós  [ pt ]Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
Brian Doyle Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Finalist
Guus Kuijer Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
David Almond Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Finalist
2010 David Almond Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Winner
Ahmadreza Ahmadi Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Finalist
Bartolomeu Campos de Queirós  [ pt ]Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
Lennart Hellsing Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Finalist
Louis Jensen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Finalist
2012 María Teresa Andruetto Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Winner
Paul Fleischman Flag of the United States.svg  USA Finalist
Bart Moeyaert Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Finalist
Jean-Claude Mourlevat Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
Bianca Pitzorno Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Finalist
2014 Nahoko Uehashi Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Winner
Ted van Lieshout Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
Houshang Moradi Kermani Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Finalist
Mirjam Pressler Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Renate Welsh  [ de ]Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Finalist
Jacqueline Woodson Flag of the United States.svg  USA Finalist
2016 Cao Wenxuan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Winner
Louis Jensen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Finalist
Ted van Lieshout Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
Mirjam Pressler Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Lois Lowry Flag of the United States.svg  USA Finalist
2018 Eiko Kadono Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Winner
Marie-Aude Murail Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
Farhad Hassanzadeh Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Finalist
Joy Cowley Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Finalist
Ulf Stark Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Finalist
2020 Jacqueline Woodson Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
María Cristina Ramos Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Finalist
Bart Moeyaert Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Finalist
Marie-Aude Murail Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
Farhad Hassanzadeh Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Finalist
Peter Svetina  [ sk ]Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Finalist
2022 Marie-Aude Murail [16] Flag of France.svg  France Winner
María Cristina Ramos Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Finalist
Fatima Sharafeddine Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Finalist
Peter Svetina  [ sk ]Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Finalist
Annika Thor Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Finalist
Margaret Wild Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Finalist
2024 [17] Heinz Janisch  [ de ]Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Winner
Marina Colasanti Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
Lee Geum-yi Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Finalist
Bart Moeyaert Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Finalist
Timo Parvela Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Finalist
Edward van de Vendel Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist

Illustration award winners

Farshid Mesghali, the 1974 recipient frshyd mthqly - Farshid Mesghali.jpg
Farshid Mesghali, the 1974 recipient
Kveta Pacovska, the 1992 recipient Kveta Pacovska (2015).jpg
Květa Pacovská, the 1992 recipient
Winners of the illustration award [15]
YearWinnerCountryAward
1966 Alois Carigiet Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Winner
Jiří Trnka Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Highly Commended
Brian Wildsmith Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Highly Commended
1968 Jiří Trnka Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Winner
Ib Spang Olsen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Highly Commended
Brian Wildsmith Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Highly Commended
Roger Duvoisin Flag of the United States.svg  USA Highly Commended
1970 Maurice Sendak Flag of the United States.svg  USA Winner
Ib Spang Olsen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Highly Commended
Ota Daihachi Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Highly Commended
Lidja Osterc Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia Highly Commended
1972 Ib Spang Olsen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Winner
Elizabeth Cleaver Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Highly Commended
Adolf Zábranský Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Highly Commended
Janosch Flag of Germany.svg  FRG Highly Commended
Petros Zambellis  [ el ]Flag of Greece (1970-1975).svg  Greece Highly Commended
Björn Berg Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Highly Commended
Felix Hoffmann Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Highly Commended
1974 Farshid Mesghali State flag of Iran 1964-1980.svg Iran Winner
Helga Aichinger  [ de ]Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Highly Commended
Nicole Claveloux Flag of France.svg  France Highly Commended
Charles Keeping Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Highly Commended
1976 Tatjana Mawrina Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union Winner
Fulla L'udovit  [ cz ]Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Highly Commended
Svend Otto S.  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Highly Commended
1978 Svend Otto S.  [ da ]Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Winner
Leo & Diane Dillon Flag of the United States.svg  USA Highly Commended
1980 Suekichi Akaba  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Winner
Tomi Ungerer Flag of France.svg  France Highly Commended
Etienne Delessert Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Highly Commended
1982 Zbigniew Rychlicki Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Winner
1984 Mitsumasa Anno Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Winner
Helme Heine Flag of Germany.svg  FRG Highly Commended
Raymond Briggs Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Highly Commended
1986 Robert Ingpen Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Winner
Adolf Born Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Highly Commended
1988 Dušan Kállay  [ Wikidata ]Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia Winner
Yasuo Segawa Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Highly Commended
1990 Lisbeth Zwerger Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Winner
1992 Květa Pacovská Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia [lower-alpha 1] Winner
1994 Jörg Müller  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Winner
1996 Klaus Ensikat  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Winner
1998 Tomi Ungerer Flag of France.svg  France Winner
Binette Schroeder Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Dick Bruna Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
Stasys Eidrigevičius Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Finalist
2000 Anthony Browne Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Winner
Rotraut Susanne Berner Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Boris Diodorov Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Finalist
Maria Lucija Stupica Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Finalist
2002 Quentin Blake Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Winner
Grégoire Solotareff Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
Rotraut Susanne Berner Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Daihachi Ohta Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Finalist
2004 Max Velthuijs Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Winner
Rotraut Susanne Berner Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
Roberto Innocenti  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Finalist
Javier Serrano (illustrator)  [ es ]Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Finalist
Grégoire Solotareff Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
2006 Wolf Erlbruch Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Winner
Lilian Brøgger Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Finalist
Etienne Delessert Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Finalist
Isol Misenta Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Finalist
Grégoire Solotareff Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
Klaas Verplancke Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Finalist
2008 Roberto Innocenti  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Winner
Isol Misenta Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Finalist
Svjetlan Junaković Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Finalist
Adolf Born Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Finalist
David Wiesner Flag of the United States.svg  USA Finalist
2010 Jutta Bauer Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Winner
Carll Cneut Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Finalist
Etienne Delessert Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Finalist
Svjetlan Junaković Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Finalist
Roger Mello Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
2012 Peter Sís Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic [lower-alpha 2] Winner
John Burningham Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Finalist
Roger Mello Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
Mohammad Ali Beniasadi Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Finalist
Javier Zabala Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Finalist
2014 Roger Mello Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Winner
Rotraut Susanne Berner Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Finalist
John Burningham Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  UK Finalist
Eva Lindström Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Finalist
François Place Flag of France.svg  France Finalist
Øyvind Torseter Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Finalist
2016 Rotraut Susanne Berner Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Winner
Alessandro Sanna Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Finalist
Suzy Lee Flag of Korea (1899).svg  Korea Finalist
Marit Törnqvist Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
Pejman Rahimizadeh Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Finalist
2018 Igor Oleynikov  [ Wikidata ]Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Winner
Pablo Bernasconi Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Finalist
Linda Wolfsgruber Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Finalist
Xiong Liang Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Finalist
Iwona Chmielewska Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Finalist
Albertine Zullo Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Finalist
2020 Albertine Zullo Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Winner
Isabelle Arsenault Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Finalist
Seizo Tashima Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Finalist
Sylvia Weve Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Finalist
Iwona Chmielewska Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Finalist
Elena Odriozola Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Finalist
2022 Suzy Lee [18] Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Winner
Beatrice Alemagna Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Finalist
Ryoji Arai Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Finalist
Iwona Chmielewska Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Finalist
GustiFlag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Finalist
Sydney Smith Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Finalist
2024 [17] Sydney Smith Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Winner
Cai Gao Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Finalist
Iwona Chmielewska Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Finalist
Nelson Cruz Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Finalist
Elena Odriozola Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Finalist
Paloma Valdivia Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Finalist

Winners by country

The winners are most often residents of Europe and North America; the first winner from outside that region was Farshid Mesghali in 1974, from Iran. [13] After receiving the award. many authors and illustrators have their works gain wider recognition, particularly in the form of more translations. [19] As of 2021 there have been award winners from 25 countries. Americans have received the most writing (6) and total (7) recipients. Germans have won four illustration awards.

CountryIllustrationWritingNo. of winners
Flag of the United States.svg  United States 167
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 426
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 235
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 235
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czechoslovakia 314
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland 314
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil 123
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 213
Flag of France.svg  France 123
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 123
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia 112
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy 112
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands 112
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 22
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina 11
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada 11
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 11
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic 11
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland 11
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel 11
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran 11
Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland 11
Flag of Korea (1899).svg  Korea 11
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand 11
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 11
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain 11
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland 11
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia 11
Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 11

See also

Notes

  1. Pacovská received the award one year before Czechoslovakia dissolved into its constituent states.
  2. Sis was nominated by the extant Czech Republic. He was born in the former Czechoslovakia and educated there in Applied Arts. He has been a U.S. citizen from 1982.

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References

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  4. 1 2 3 4 Glistrup 2002, p. 15.
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  10. Glistrup 2002, p. 17.
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  13. 1 2 Glistrup 2002, p. 19.
  14. Kantor, Emma (9 December 2020). "Candidates for the 2022 Hans Christian Andersen Awards Announced". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 24 February 2021.
  15. 1 2 "Hans Christian Andersen Award". International Board on Books for Young People. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  16. "Murail, Lee win 2022 Hans Christian Andersen Award". Books+Publishing. 22 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  17. 1 2 Kantor, Emma (9 April 2024). "Bologna 2024: Heinz Janisch and Sydney Smith Win 2024 Hans Christian Andersen Awards". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 9 April 2024.
  18. "Murail, Lee win 2022 Hans Christian Andersen Award". Books+Publishing. 22 March 2022. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
  19. Glistrup 2002, p. 20.

Bibliography