Henderson crake | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Clade: | Dinosauria |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Gruiformes |
Family: | Rallidae |
Genus: | Zapornia |
Species: | Z. atra |
Binomial name | |
Zapornia atra (North, 1908) | |
Synonyms | |
Nesophylax ater |
The Henderson crake or red-eyed crake (Zapornia atra) is a species of flightless bird in the family Rallidae. It is endemic to Henderson Island in the southeast Pacific Ocean. Its natural habitat is dense to open forest. [1]
The population of this species is estimated to be 5,600 mature individuals, roughly equivalent to 8,500 individuals in total. [1]
The species is found in dense to open forest throughout the island plateau, both in forest dominated by Pisonia and Pisonia/ Xylosma , and in Timonius thicket, also occurring in Pandanus – Thespesia – Argusia embayment forests and coconut groves on the beaches. [2] It is omnivorous and appears to be an opportunistic feeder, taking advantage of seasonal increases in prey. [2] It forages in the leaf-litter, gleaning items such as skink Emoia cyanura eggs from the undersides of fallen leaves, large nematodes, beetles, moths, spiders, dead caterpillars, land snails and small insects. [2] The breeding season is long, extending from late July to mid February (double broods are not uncommon) and clutch-size is 2–3. [2] Helpers may provide extraparental care such as defending eggs and chicks from crabs and rats. Based on a small sample, adult annual survival is at least 43%, and reproductive success is a minimum of 0.95 chicks surviving to one month old per pair, per annum. [2]
The population of the species was severely affected by a failed rodent eradication campaign on Henderson in 2011, but had returned to pre-eradication levels by 2015. [1] [3]
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