The Kauaʻi ʻōʻō or ʻōʻōʻāʻā was the last member of the ʻōʻō (Moho) genus within the Mohoidae family of birds from the islands of Hawaiʻi. The entire family is now extinct. It was previously regarded as a member of the Australo-Pacific honeyeaters.
Spelaeorchestia koloana, the Kauaʻi cave amphipod or ʻuku noho ana in Hawaiian, is a cave-dwelling crustacean only found on the Hawaiian island of Kauaʻi. It is eyeless and measures 7–10 mm (0.28–0.39 in) long. It is only known from 10 populations, and eats decaying plant matter and other decomposing material.
The Kauai ʻakialoa was a Hawaiian honeycreeper in the subfamily Carduelinae of the family Fringillidae. It was endemic to the island of Kauai, Hawaii. It became extinct in the 20th century due to introduced avian disease and habitat loss. The Kauai ʻakialoa was about seven and a half inches in length and had a very long downcurved bill, which covered one third of its length. The adult males were bright olive-yellow on top and yellow on the bottom. The throat, breast, and sides of the body were olive-yellow. The females, however, were green-gray above and had a shorter bill.
Dubautia microcephala, the small-head dubautia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is a perennial shrub or tree that grows up to 10 ft (3.0 m) tall.
Hesperomannia arborescens, the Lanai island-aster or Lanai hesperomannia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
Hesperomannia (island-aster) is a genus of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae.
Hesperomannia arbuscula, the Maui island-aster or Maui hesperomannia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae that is endemic to the island of Maui in Hawaiʻi; plants from Oʻahu are now classified as Hesperomannia oahuensis. It is found in mixed mesic and wet forests at elevations of 350–900 m (1,150–2,950 ft). It is threatened by habitat degradation caused by feral pigs, competition with alien plants, predation from rats, and trampling or collecting by humans.
Geniostoma lydgatei, the Wahiawa Mountain labordia, is a species of flowering plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, where it is present only in the Wahiawa Mountains of Kauai. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Melicope haupuensis is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae known by the common names Haupa Mountain melicope and Pacific pelea. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, where it is known only from the island of Kauai. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. Like other Hawaiian Melicope, this species is known as alani.
Melicope puberula, the hairy melicope, is a species of plant in the family Rutaceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. Like other Hawaiian Melicope, this species is known as alani. In 2010 it was added to the endangered species list of the United States.
Myrsine knudsenii, the Kokee colicwood, is a species of tree in the primrose family. It is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Myrsine mezii, the Hanapepe River colicwood, is a species of tree in the primrose family. It is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.
Myrsine petiolata, the swamp colicwood, is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Ochrosia kauaiensis, the Kauai yellowwood, is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae. It is endemic to the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Psychotria grandiflora, the largeflower wild coffee, large-flowered balsamo or kopiko, is a species of plant in the family Rubiaceae endemic to the island of Kauai in the Hawaiian Islands. It grows in rainforest habitat. There are ten small populations remaining, with a total of no more than 30 individuals. This plant was federally listed as an endangered species of the United States in 2010.
Cyanea eleeleensis was a rare species of flowering plant in the bellflower family known by the common name Eleele cyanea. It was endemic to Kauai, where it has been declared extinct. It was federally listed as a critically endangered species of the United States in 2010. Like other Cyanea it is known as haha in Hawaiian.
Cyanea recta is a rare species of flowering plant in the bellflower family known by the common names upright cyanea and Kealia cyanea. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the island of Kauai. It is a federally listed threatened species of the United States. Like other Cyanea it is known as haha in Hawaiian.
Melicope lydgatei is a rare species of flowering plant in the citrus family known by the common names Koolau Range melicope and Lydgate's pelea. It is endemic to Hawaii, where it is known only from the Koolau Range on the island of Oahu. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. Like other Hawaiian Melicope, this species is known as alani.
The Kauaʻi ʻelepaio is a monarch flycatcher found on the Hawaiian Island of Kauai. It numbered 40,000 around 1970, but declined by half in the 1990s. Whether this fluctuation is natural and thus the birds' numbers will rebound or whether it signifies a novel threat remains to be seen. However, it seems the birds are making a recovery, as population density on the Alakai plateau has increased by 13% in recent years.
