European route E40 is the longest European route, more than 8,000 kilometres long, connecting Calais in France via Belgium, Germany, Poland, Ukraine, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan, with Ridder in Kazakhstan near the border with Russia and China.
Donetsk Oblast, also referred to as Donechchyna, is an oblast in eastern Ukraine. It is Ukraine's most populous province, with around 4.1 million residents. Its administrative centre is Donetsk, though due to the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War, the regional administration was moved to Kramatorsk. Historically, the region has been an important part of the Donbas region. From its creation in 1938 until November 1961, it bore the name Stalino Oblast as Donetsk was then named "Stalino", in honour of Joseph Stalin. As part of the de-Stalinization process, it was renamed after the Siversky Donets river, the main artery of Eastern Ukraine. Its population is estimated at 4,100,280.
Luhansk Oblast, also referred to as Luhanshchyna (Луга́нщина), is the easternmost oblast (province) of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Luhansk. The oblast was established in 1938 and bore the name Voroshilovgrad Oblast until 1958 and again from 1970 to 1991. It has a population of 2,102,921.
Debaltseve or Debaltsevo is a city in Horlivka Raion, Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine, currently occupied by Russia as part of the Donetsk People's Republic. The city is situated on the eastern edge of Donetsk Oblast, and borders Luhansk Oblast. Population: 24,209.
European route E 50 is an A-type east–west connection across the European continent. It connects the key naval port of Brest France with Makhachkala, on the Caspian Sea in the Russian republic Dagestan.
Highway M02 is a Ukraine international highway (M-highway) connecting the M01 near Kipti with Bachivsk on the border with Russia, where it continues as the M3 to Moscow. The entire route is part of European route E101 and the section from Hlukhiv to the Russian border is part of European route E391.
Highway M03 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) connecting Kyiv with Dovzhansky on the border with Russia, where it continues into Russia as the A270. It is part of European route E40 from Kyiv to Debaltseve at which it is part of European route E50 to the border with Russia. At 844 km (524 mi), the M03 is the longest international state highway in Ukraine.
Highway M07 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) connecting Kyiv to Yahodyn on the border with Poland, where it continues into Poland as National Road 12 (DK12).
M12 was a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) connecting Lviv Oblast to Central Ukraine, where after crossing the Dnieper it continued further as the M04. On 28 April 2021, the M12 was decommissioned and merged with the M04 to form the new M30.
The war in Donbas, or Donbas war, was an armed conflict in the Donbas region of Ukraine, part of the broader Russo-Ukrainian War. The war began in April 2014 when armed Russian-backed separatists seized government buildings and the Ukrainian military launched an operation against them. It continued until it was subsumed by the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Highway M16 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) connecting Odesa to Kuchurhan on the border with Moldova, where it continues as national road M5. The M16 is part of European route E58 and European route E581.
Izvaryne-Donetsk is a land border crossing between Ukraine and Russia, on autoroute E40 in the Donbas region.
The Minsk agreements were a series of international agreements which sought to end the Donbas war fought between armed Russian separatist groups and Armed Forces of Ukraine, with Russian regular forces playing a central part. The first, known as the Minsk Protocol, was drafted in 2014 by the Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine, consisting of Ukraine, Russia, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), with mediation by the leaders of France and Germany in the so-called Normandy Format. After extensive talks in Minsk, Belarus, the agreement was signed on 5 September 2014 by representatives of the Trilateral Contact Group and, without recognition of their status, by the then-leaders of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR). This agreement followed multiple previous attempts to stop the fighting in the region and aimed to implement an immediate ceasefire.
The Battle of Debaltseve was a military confrontation in the city of Debaltseve, Donetsk Oblast, between the pro-Russian separatist forces of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR), and the Ukrainian Armed Forces, starting in mid-January 2015 during the war in the Donbas region. The Russian forces composed mostly of "Wagner Group" soldiers recaptured Debaltseve, which had been under Ukrainian control since a counter-offensive by government forces in July 2014. The city lay in a "wedge" of Ukrainian-held territory bordered by the DPR on one side, and the LPR on the other, and is a vital road and railway junction.
H21 is an important Ukraine national highway (H-highway) in the Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast of Donbas, Ukraine. It connects Donetsk through Luhansk with Starobilsk. The highway runs both, west–east between Donetsk and Luhansk, and south–north between Luhansk and Starobilsk. It passes either through or near Makiivka, Kolosnykove, Khartsyzk, Zuhres; Serdyte, Molodetske, and Shakhtarsk in Shakhtarsky; Torez, Snizhne, Miusynsk, Krasnyi Luch; Ivanivka and Malomykolaivka in Antratsitivsky; Myrne, Uspenka, Lutuhyne, and Heorhiivka in Lutuhynsky; Luhansk; Metalisk, Stukalova Balka, and Lyman-Tsvitni Pisky-Svitle in Slovianoserbsky; Shchastia; Mykhailivka in Troitsky; Novoaidar, Denezhnykove, and Peremorzhne-Shtormove in Novoaidarsky; Shul'hynka in Markivsky, Baidivke, and Polovynkyne in Starobilsky.
Dovzhansky is a land border crossing between Ukraine and Russia on the Ukrainian side, in the town of Dovzhansky, Sverdlovsk city municipality, Luhansk Oblast.
The Donets Railway is a railway in Donbas, Eastern Ukraine. It is one of six rail systems owned and operated by Ukrainian Railways. It is part-owned by the Ukrainian government; Russia has claimed it since the 2014 Russian military intervention in Ukraine. Because of that, only part of the Donetsk Railway is operational. In December 2014, a regional branch of Ukrzaliznytsia Donetsk Railway was created and the headquarters was moved from Donetsk to Lyman.
Anti-Terrorist Operation Zone, or ATO zone, was a term used by the media, publicity, the government of Ukraine, and the OSCE and other foreign institutions to identify Ukrainian territory of the Donetsk and Luhansk regions (oblasts) under the control of Russian military forces and pro-Russian separatists. A significant part of ATO zone is considered temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine.
European route E 40 (E 40) is a west–east European route, running from the port of Calais in France to Altai Mountains near Ridder in Kazakhstan.
M30 is a Ukrainian international highway (M-highway) formed on 28 April 2021, with the merger of the M04 and the M12. The Stryi-Debaltseve section is part of the European route E50, the section from Debaltseve to the Russian border is part of European route E40 and the section from Oleksandriia to Kropyvnytskyi is part of European route E584. The route was formed before the 30th anniversary of Ukrainian independence. It is also dubbed the Road to Unity.
E40 
E50 
M 12 in Znamianka 
M 22 in Oleksandriia 
M 03 in Debaltseve
