Hipparchia hermione | |
---|---|
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | |
Phylum: | |
Class: | |
Order: | |
Family: | |
Genus: | |
Species: | H. hermione |
Binomial name | |
Hipparchia hermione (Linnaeus, 1764) | |
Synonyms | |
Hipparchia alcyone [Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775 |
Hipparchia hermione, the rock grayling, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. [1] The species can be found in Central Europe, Southern Europe, Eastern Europe, North Africa, Anatolia and the Caucasus.
The wingspan is 27–34 millimetres (1.1–1.3 in).The ground colour is dark brown. There is a white submarginal band, bordered with an interrupted fringe and a large black ocellus at the apex of the forewing. The hindwing has a small ocellus with a very discrete pupil
The underside of the forewing is similar: brown with a white submarginal band and the black ocellus with white pupil at the apex, while the hindwing is marbled with brown and white with a broad white band. No sexual dimorphism.
Similar to Hipparchia fagi , but on the underside the deep dark basal area of both wings contrasts much more sharply with the light band, and the latter, which is almost pure white on the hindwing, contrasts again conspicuously with the broad dark distal margin. The conspicuousness of the pattern on the underside of the hindwing is especially noticeable in the male, but even in the duller coloured female the band on the hindwing beneath is still quite distinct, although sparsely irrorated with black. [2]
It is smaller than fagi.
The butterflies fly from June to September on steep rocky slopes, in open forest, margins and forest clearings and in shrubland.
The larvae feed on various types of grass.
The meadow brown is a butterfly found in the Palearctic realm. Its range includes Europe south of 62°N, Russia eastwards to the Urals, Asia Minor, Iraq, Iran, North Africa and the Canary Islands. The larvae feed on grasses.
The brown hairstreak is a butterfly in the family Lycaenidae. The range includes most of the Palaearctic.
Acropolis is a monotypic butterfly genus from the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae. The one species in the genus, Acropolis thalia, is distributed in western subtropical China. The genus was erected by Francis Hemming in 1934 based on a species described by John Henry Leech in 1891.
Erebia epistygne, the spring ringlet, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in France and Spain. Its natural habitat is temperate grassland.
Hipparchia azorina, the Azores grayling, is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is endemic to the Azores. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and temperate grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Lasiommata maera, the large wall brown, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae.
The Piedmont ringlet is a member of the family Nymphalidae. It is an Alpine butterfly.
The marbled ringlet is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae.
The Styrian ringlet is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a mountain butterfly found in the Austrian and Italian Alps, Croatia and Slovenia.
The black ringlet is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of the family Nymphalidae. It is a high-altitude butterfly found in Albania, former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Greece, and Romania.
The water ringlet is a member of the subfamily Satyrinae of family Nymphalidae. It is a high altitude butterfly found in the Alps, Bavaria, Styria, Pyrenees, Carpathians and Bulgaria.
Hipparchia fagi, the woodland grayling, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae.
Lycaena tityrus, the sooty copper, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Europe.
Hipparchia neomiris, the Corsican grayling, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is an endemic species confined to the islands of Corsica, Sardinia and Elba. The Corsican grayling flies in July.
Coenonympha corinna, the Corsican heath, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae
Brintesia is a monotypic butterfly genus in the family Nymphalidae and subfamily Satyrinae. Its one species is Brintesia circe, the great banded grayling.
Erebia cyclopius is a species of butterfly of the subfamily Satyrinae in the family Nymphalidae. It is found from the Ural to Siberia, northern Mongolia, northern China and North Korea. The habitat consists of forest edges, flowery meadows and sparse larch forests.
Chazara persephone, the dark rockbrown, is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It can be found from Crimea across the Caucasus and north of the Middle East to Iran; from the southern Urals across Kazakhstan to the southern Altai and west Siberia.
Boeberia is a genus of satyrine butterflies containing a single species Boeberia parmenio found in the Altai mountains South Siberia, Mongolia, Yakutia, Amur and North east China.
Erebia dabanensis is a small butterfly found in the East Palearctic that belongs to the browns family.