History of the Berlin S-Bahn

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Berlin S-Bahn was converted from steam to third rail electrification starting in the late 1920s. The rail is bottom-contact. Seen here at the level crossing at Lichtenrade station Stromschiene-unterbricht-am-Bahnuebergang-Berlin-Lichtenrade-S-Bahn LWS0412.JPG
Berlin S-Bahn was converted from steam to third rail electrification starting in the late 1920s. The rail is bottom-contact. Seen here at the level crossing at Lichtenrade station

The Berlin S-Bahn began on 8 August 1924 with the first section from Stettiner Vorortbahnhof to Bernau using steam locomotives. On 13 August 1961 it was broken up when the Berlin Wall was built, resulting in two sections: the eastern part and the western part. The western part experienced a massive strike which resulted in closure of several stations, after declining use. Attempts were made to reopen at various times but in the end, only three lines were finally opened after the strike. Since 9 November 1989, when the Berlin Wall was opened, the Berlin S-Bahn began to expand rapidly with their budgetary costs.

Contents

Before S-Bahn

The first line was opened from Zehlendorf to Potsdam in 1838. Until 1846, the city already counted five terminal stations, one of which resulted in almost all routes. Until 1882 four more stations were added. In order to connect the lines together, in 1851, the Berlin connection path along the former city wall was built at ground level. They circumnavigated the urban area in a three-quarter circle from Stettiner, the Hamburger, the Potsdamer and Anhalter Bahnhof to the Frankfurt train station. The constant traffic, particularly by the military, disabled strongly in passenger transport by road, so a new solution was contemplated.

The Berlin Ringbahn was opened on 1870s, followed by the true Berlin Stadtbahn which goes from Schlesischen Bahnhof to Charlottenburg. The rapid growth of the city and suburban traffic grew immensely. In the following years, other sections to Bernau and Königs Wusterhausen were provided with a second pair of track.

With individual sections dating from the 1870s, the S-Bahn was formed by and by as the network of suburban commuter railways running into Berlin, then interconnected by the circular railway connecting the various terminal railway stations, and in 1882 enhanced by the east–west cross-city line (called the "Stadtbahn", "city railway"). The forming of a distinct identity for this network began with the establishment of a special tariff for the area which was then called the "Berliner Stadt-, Ring- und Vorortbahnen", and which differed from the normal railway tariff. While the regular railway tariff was based on multiplying the distance covered with a fixed price per kilometer, the special tariff for this Berlin tariff zone was based on a graduated tariff based on the number of stations touched during the travel. [1]

Electrification

The core of this network, that is the cross-city ("Stadtbahn") East-West line and the circular Ringbahn, and several suburban branches were converted from steam operation to a third-rail electric railway in the latter half of the 1920s. The Wannsee railway, the suburban line with the highest number of passengers, was electrified in 1932/33. A number of suburban trains remained under steam, even after the Second World War.

Timeline of electrifications
DateStretchLength
(in m)
1 July 1903 Potsdamer RingbahnhofLichterfelde Ost (550 V DC)9,087
8 August 1924 Stettiner VorortbahnhofBernau 22,676
5 June 1925 GesundbrunnenBirkenwerder 18,019
4 October 1925Birkenwerder – Oranienburg 7,765
16 March 1927 Schönholz-ReinickendorfVelten 21,162
11 June 1928 Potsdam – Stadtbahn – Erkner 57,168
10 July 1928Wannsee – Stahnsdorf 4,135
23 August 1928 CharlottenburgSpandau West 9,279
6 November 1928Charlottenburg – Südring – Grünau 25,883
NeuköllnWarschauer Straße 5,677
Schlesischer BahnhofKaulsdorf 11,258
1 February 1929Charlottenburg – Nordring – Baumschulenweg 25,755
Frankfurter Allee – Warschauer Straße0,580
Niederschöneweide-JohannisthalSpindlersfeld 3,972
18 April 1929 Potsdamer RingbahnhofPapestraße 3,440
Potsdamer Ringbahnhof – Ebersstraße1,060
HalenseeWestend 2,713
2 July 1929 Potsdamer RingbahnhofLichterfelde Ost (conversion to 800 V DC)9,087
18 December 1929 Jungfernheide – Gartenfeld4,460
15 December 1930Kaulsdorf – Mahlsdorf 1,366
15 May 1933 Potsdamer Wannseebahnhof – Wannsee18,988
Potsdamer BahnhofZehlendorf Mitte (main line track)11,960
Wannsee Railway–Zehlendorf Mitte mainline link1,040
28 July 1936Humboldthain – Unter den Linden 2,691
HeerstraßeReichssportfeld 1,467
15 April 1939Unter den Linden – Potsdamer Platz 0,941
Priesterweg – Mahlow 11,595
9 October 1939Potsdamer Platz – Großgörschenstraße 4,243
6 November 1939 Anhalter BahnhofYorckstraße 1,571
6 October 1940Mahlow – Rangsdorf 7,396
8 September 1943Lichterfelde Ost – Lichterfelde Süd 2,668

S-Bahn during Nazi Germany (1933 - 1945)

After building the east–west cross-city line connecting western suburban lines, which until then terminated at Charlottenburg station with eastern suburban lines which terminated at Frankfurter Bahnhof (later Schlesischer Bahnhof), the logical next step was a north–south cross-city line connecting the northern suburban lines terminating at Stettiner Bahnhof with the southern suburban lines terminating at the substations of the Berlin Potsdamer Bahnhof. The first ideas for this project emerged only 10 years after the completion of the east–west cross-city line, with several concrete proposals resulting from a 1909 competition held by the Berlin city administration. Another concrete proposal, already very close to the final realisation, was put forth in 1926 by the Breslau university professor Jenicke.

The decision to build was taken in 1933, as part of the public works programme undertaken by the new Nazi government to reduce unemployment. The projects do include:

The Nazis' 1939 "World Capital Germania" planning called for services to eventually run as follows:

ZuggruppeLineStationsStretchNotes
 1  Bernau/OranienburgWannsee 31/35 Stettiner/Nordbahn, Nord-Süd-Tunnel, Wannseebahn
 2  Velten (Mark) – Ludwigsfelde 28 Kremmener Bahn, Tiergartentunnel, Anhalter Bahn
 3  Nauen/WustermarkWünsdorf 38/37 Lehrter/Hamburger Bahn, Tiergartentunnel, Dresdener Bahn
 A  Stettiner Bahnhof – Vollring – Stettiner Bahnhof44 Ringbahn, Nord-Süd-Tunnelüber Südringspitzkehre
 B  Jungfernheide – Gartenfeld4 Siemensbahn
 G  HalenseeStrausberg 27 Stadtbahn, Ostbahn
 H  Spandau WestGrünau 29 Spandauer Vorortbahn, Stadtbahn, Görlitzer Bahn
 J  SchöneweideSpindlersfeld 3 Zweigbahn Schöneweide–Spindlersfeld
 K  Königs WusterhausenAnhalter Bahnhof 18Görlitzer Bahn, Innenstadttunnelweiter als ZGr. 1
 L  PotsdamErkner 32 Wetzlarer Bahn, Stadtbahn, Frankfurter Bahn
 M Wannsee – Lichterfelde Ost 10verlängerte Friedhofsbahn, Anhalter Bahn

During and after World War II

Some Type 477 trains, built before World War II, remained in service until the early 21st century S-Bahn Berlin Baureihe 477.jpg
Some Type 477 trains, built before World War II, remained in service until the early 21st century

Many sections of the S-Bahn were closed during the war owing to enemy action. The Nord-Süd-Bahn tunnel was flooded on 2 May 1945 by retreating SS troops during the final Battle of Berlin [ citation needed ]. The exact number of casualties is not known, but up to 200 people are presumed to have perished, since the tunnel was used as a public shelter and also served to house military wounded in trains on underground sidings. Service through the tunnel commenced again in 1947.

After hostilities ceased in 1945, Berlin was given special status as a "Four-Sector City," surrounded by the Soviet Occupation Zone, which later became the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The Allies had decided that S-Bahn service in the western sectors of Berlin should continue to be provided by the Reichsbahn (DR), which was by now the provider of railway services in East Germany. (Rail services in West Germany proper were provided by the new Deutsche Bundesbahn.)

During the war, Berlin S-Bahn cars were overhauled at Luben to the east of Berlin. Since that town, now known as Lubin, was ceded to Poland under the terms of the Potsdam Agreement in 1945, 84 cars currently in the works were thus lost by Berlin. Further cars were sent east as war reparations, and eventually at least 287 cars were sent to the Soviet Union where they were converted for use in Moscow, Kiev, and Tallinn. Additionally at least 80 two-car sets were retained in Poland, where they were used on suburban services in the Gdańsk-Gdynia region until 1976. Some of the latter cars were then converted for use in overhead line maintenance trains, and some still exist in that role. One set is preserved in its Gdańsk-Gdynia condition at a museum at Kościerzyna near Gdynia. [2]

New stretches

The first new railway line will be recorded in March 1947 after the war; yet while the car hastily repaired, dismantled tracks and have been rebuilt, was already on the 7th. From Mahlsdorf it was a station further into the Brandenburg and Hoppegarten. Approximately one and a half years later, Strausberg also connected to the grid. The construction proceeded quickly as preparations had been already made for this purpose.

After the end of the war, most of the depots in West Berlin were planned. There will be new stretches such as Jungfernheide – Spandau – Staaken/Falkensee, Lichterfelde Süd – Teltow, and also Grünau – Königs-Wusterhausen. The steam-powered suburban traffic was mostly withdrawn on the routes concerned until the new endpoint of the S-Bahn.

Before the construction of the Berlin Wall, the Berlin S-Bahn continued to expand regularly:

DateStretchLength
(in m)
7 March 1947Mahlsdorf – Hoppegarten 4,374
15 June 1948Zehlendorf – Düppel 2,300
1 September 1948Hoppegarten – Fredersdorf 5,949
31 October 1948Fredersdorf – Strausberg4,977
30 April 1951Grünau – Königs Wusterhausen14,061
7 July 1951Lichterfelde Süd – Teltow 2,700
30 July 1951Spandau West – Falkensee 6,614
3 August 1951Spandau West – Staaken3,470
28 August 1951Jungfernheide – Spandau6,170
25 December 1952Schönhauser Allee – Pankow
(freight tracks)
2,942
3 June 1956Strausberg – Strausberg Nord
(Shuttle before 1968)
9,136

Cold War

As relations between East and West began to sour with the coming of the Cold War, the Berlin S-Bahn soon became a victim of the hostilities. Although services continued operating through all occupation sectors, checkpoints were constructed on the borders with East Berlin and on-board "customs checks" were carried out on trains. From 1958 onward, some S-Bahn trains ran non-stop through the western sectors from stations in East Berlin to stations on outlying sections in East Germany so as to avoid the need for such controls. East German government employees were then forbidden to use the S-Bahn since it travelled through West Berlin.

Alexanderplatz is an important transport hub in eastern Berlin Train station Berlin Alexanderplatz 1999 pixelquelle.jpg
Alexanderplatz is an important transport hub in eastern Berlin

The western sectors of the city were physically cut off from East Germany on 13 August 1961, by what was later called the Berlin Wall, in a well-prepared plan to separate the two halves of the city – and at the same time, to divide the Berlin public transit network into two separate systems.

Stadtbahn services were curtailed from both directions at Friedrichstraße station. This station was divided into two physically separated areas, one for eastern passengers and one for westerners. Although the station lay within East Berlin, western passengers could transfer between S-Bahn lines or to the U-Bahn without passing through border checks, much like passengers changing planes at an international airport. The GDR also operated an Intershop in the portion of the station with services to and from West Berlin, where persons arriving from West Berlin (again without passing through border controls) could buy luxury goods such as tobacco and alcoholic beverages at discounted prices (compared to prices in West Berlin), provided they paid in hard currency, in part because Intershop customers did not pay West German taxes on their purchases. The West Berlin authorities were aware of this situation but did not impose stringent customs controls on such purchases out of political considerations. Friedrichstraße station also became the main entry point for train and U-Bahn passengers from West Berlin into East Berlin.

Similarly, selected sections on the Berlin S-Bahn together with the Ringbahn were cut at the borders of West and East Berlin; border fortifications such as a locked door were put up between the designated stations. These included:

DR and BVG had discussed separate arrangements for the Nord-Süd-Bahn by restricting travel to West Berliners only as it passed through the East Berlin territory in the city centre, and it did not stop at underground East Berlin S-Bahn stations, which were called ghost stations. Two armed guards were positioned at all ghost stations to ensure that no passengers jumped aboard trains or smashed windows to allow escape from East Berlin. Only some maintenance works on the Nord-Süd-Bahn were allowed between 1961 and 1989, and trains had to slow down to 60 km/h instead of the normal speed limit. Bornholmer Straße was also a ghost station, because the exits were only towards the border crossing.

West Berlin Situation

ZuggruppeLineStationsRouteNotes
 1  FrohnauWannsee 23 Nordbahn, Nord-Süd-Tunnel, Wannseebahn not stopping in East Berlin, except Friedrichstraße und Wollankstraße
 2  SchönholzLichterfelde SüdHeiligensee 12Nordbahn, Nord-Süd-Tunnel, Anhalter Bahn refer to Zuggruppe 1
 3 Heiligensee → Lichtenrade → Schönholz18 Kremmener Bahn, Nord-Süd-Tunnel, Dresdener Bahn refer to Zuggruppe 1
 5  ZehlendorfDüppel 3 Stammbahn Zweimannbetrieb
 A  GesundbrunnenSonnenallee/Köllnische Heide 19
19
Ringbahn, Verbindungsbahn Baumschulenweg–Neukölln
 B  Beusselstraße – Gartenfeld4Ringbahn, Siemensbahn
 C  Zoologischer Garten – Sonnenallee14 Stadtbahn, Ringbahn
 H  Staaken – Friedrichstraße15 Spandauer Vorortbahn, Stadtbahn
 L Wannsee – Friedrichstraße11 Wetzlarer Bahn, Stadtbahn
 N Beusselstraße – Spandau West 5 Hamburger Bahn

Berlin S-Bahn strike in 1980

Because the S-Bahn was operated by the DR, West Berliners vented their frustration at the building of the wall by boycotting the S-Bahn since its fares were seen as subsidising the communist regime in the East. "Keinen Pfennig mehr für Ulbricht," or "not a penny more for Ulbricht," became the S-Bahn opponents' chant. Within days of the Berlin Wall being built, the BVG, with assistance from other transit companies in West Germany, began providing "solidarity-with-Berlin buses" – new bus services that parallelled the S-Bahn lines and therefore provided an alternative. After many years of declining passenger use and difficult industrial relations between the West Berlin workforce and their East Berlin employers, most of the western portion of the S-Bahn was closed down on 11 September 1980 following a strike.

A 20-minute service was still provided on the Stadtbahn from Westkreuz to Friedrichstraße as well as services on the Nord-Süd-Bahn between Frohnau, Friedrichstraße, Lichtenrade, or Wannsee. The following routes were also cut after the strike on 22 September 1980:

The S1 section from Wannsee to Anhalter Bahnhof was therefore reopened in 1984.

The only sections that were left opened after the strike do include:

The track system is a fully separated and independent rapid transport system within the city. Station: Anhalter Bahnhof Bf-b-anhalterbf.jpg
The track system is a fully separated and independent rapid transport system within the city. Station: Anhalter Bahnhof

The 1980 incidents turned media and political attention toward what was left of West Berlin's S-Bahn network. The city government decided to enter negotiations with East Germany, which were finally successful.

S-Bahn in the BVB

By contrast, during the same period, services on the S-Bahn in East Berlin were increased and new lines built as housing projects expanded eastward from the city centre. With most of the U-Bahn located in West Berlin, the S-Bahn became the backbone of the East Berlin transit network.

The DR purchased DR Class 270 as a result, where it is only cut short to 166 trains and the last orders were delivered in 1991. The remaining orders were cancelled after the reunification.

The extended 40 kilometres of the Berlin S-Bahn with expansion in the east are denoted as follows:

DateSectionLength
(in m)
19 November 1961 Hohen NeuendorfBlankenburg 17,839
10 December 1961Schönhauser Allee – Pankow
(compensated track)
2,075
26 February 1962Grünauer Kreuz – Flughafen Schönefeld 5,804
30 December 1976 Friedrichsfelde OstMarzahn 3,808
15 December 1980Marzahn – Otto-Winzer-Straße1,759
30 December 1982Otto-Winzer-Straße – Ahrensfelde 1,724
20 December 1984 SpringpfuhlHohenschönhausen 4,747
20 December 1985Hohenschönhausen – Wartenberg 0,962

BVG took over the S-Bahn in West Berlin

On January 9, 1984, the BVG took over responsibility for the operation of S-Bahn services in West Berlin. After further closures that same day, a limited service was restored, initially comprising only two short sections with no direct interchange between them. In the years between 1984 and 1989, several sections were gradually reopened, resulting in a network of 71 km (44 mi) and three lines – with one line running on the Stadtbahn and two on the Nord-Süd-Bahn – comprising about 50% of West Berlin's original network. This development brought West Berlin's S-Bahn back into public awareness and restored its popularity.

BVG had also ordered BVG Class 480 for operations in the western part of the area since 1987 to replace some of the older rundown trains (Class 475, 476 and 477).

BVG planned to open Berlin S-Bahn in the west, which is planned from 1984 to 1992, but was shelved before the opening of the Berlin Wall, the S-Bahn should be grown to about 117 km.

Until 1984, all Berlin S-Bahn routes were allocated letters as a means of identifying the route of the train. These letters were occasionally followed by Roman numerals to indicate a short working or bifurcation in the service (e.g., A, BI, BII, C,) and are still used internally by the Berlin S-Bahn GmbH for timetabling and in conjunction with radio call-signs to each train unit. When the BVG took over the responsibility for the operation of S-Bahn services in West Berlin in 1984, it introduced a new unified numbering scheme for both the S-Bahn and the U-Bahn, which it also operated. Existing U-Bahn route numbers were prefixed with the letter U, while the new S-Bahn route numbers were prefixed with the letter S. This system of numbering routes was used in other West German cities and was extended to the S-Bahn service for the whole city after reunification.

Reunification

A modern S-Bahn train at Griebnitzsee S-Bahn Berlin Baureihe 481.jpg
A modern S-Bahn train at Griebnitzsee

After the Berlin Wall came down in November 1989, the first broken links were re-established, with Friedrichstraße on 1 July 1990, as the first. The BVG and DR jointly marketed the services soon after the reunification. Administratively, the divided S-Bahn networks remained separate in this time of momentous changes, encompassing German reunification and reunification of Berlin into a single city, although the dividing line was no longer the former Berlin Wall. DR and BVG (of the whole of reunified Berlin from 1 January 1992, after absorbing BVB of East Berlin) operated individual lines end to end, both into the other party's territories. For example, S2 was all BVG even after it was extended northward and southward into Brandenburg/former East German territory. The main east–west route (Stadtbahn) was a joint operation. Individual trains were operated by either BVG or DR end-to-end on the same tracks. This arrangement ended on 1 January 1994, with the creation of Deutsche Bahn due to the merger between DR and the former West Germany's Deutsche Bundesbahn. All S-Bahn operations in Berlin were transferred to the newly formed S-Bahn Berlin GmbH as a subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, and the BVG withdrew from running S-Bahn services.

Technically, a number of projects followed in the steps of re-establishing broken links in order to restore the former S-Bahn network to its 1961 status after 1990, especially the Ringbahn. In December 1997 the connection between Neukölln and Treptower Park via Sonnenallee was reopened, enabling S4 trains to run 75% of the whole ring between Schönhauser Allee and Jungfernheide. On 16 June 2002, the section Gesundbrunnen – Westhafen also reopened, re-establishing the Ringbahn operations.

DateStretchLength (in m)Notes
1 April 1992Wannsee – Potsdam Stadt 8,968Closed on 13 August 1961
31 May 1992Frohnau – Hohen Neuendorf4,176Closed on 13 August 1961
31 August 1992Lichenrade - Blankenfelde5,750Closed on 13 August 1961
17 December 1993Westend – Baumschulenweg18,344Closed on 28 September 1980. (Westend – Köllnische Heide)
Closed on 13 August 1961 (Köllnische Heide – Baumschulenweg)
28 May 1995Schönholz – Tegel6,846Closed on 9 January 1984.
Priesterweg – Lichterfelde Ost3,979Closed on 9 January 1984.
15 April 1997Westend – Jungfernheide2,227Closed on 28 September 1980.
18 December 1997Neukölln – Treptower Park3,358Closed on 28. September 1980 (Neukölln – Sonnenallee)
Closed on 13 August 1961 (Sonnenallee – Treptower Park)
16 January 1998Westkreuz - Pichelsberg4,774Closed on 28 September 1980.
25 September 1998Lichterfelde Ost – Lichterfelde Süd2,668Closed on 9 January 1984.
15 December 1998Tegel – Hennigsdorf8,302Closed on 9 January 1984. (Tegel – Heiligensee)
Closed on 13 August 1961 (Heiligensee – Hennigsdorf)
30 December 1998Pichelsberg – Spandau4,146Closed on 28 September 1980.
19 December 1999Jungfernheide – Westhafen3,146Closed on 28 September 1980.
17 September 2001Pankow – Gesundbrunnen2,648Closed on 13 August 1961 (Pankow – Bornholmer Straße)
Closed on 9 January 1984 (Bornholmer Straße – Gesundbrunnen)
Schönhauser Allee – Gesundbrunnen1,783Closed on 13 August 1961
Schönhauser Allee – Bornholmer Straße1,688New construction
15 June 2002Westhafen – Gesundbrunnen3,463Closed on 28 September 1980.
24 February 2005Lichterfelde Süd – Teltow2,880Closed on 13 August 1961, moved to Teltow Stadt.

Service reductions

On 20 July 2009, known locally as "Black Monday," the S-Bahn service was significantly reduced owing to safety checks on the trains ordered by the German Federal Railway Authority. These checks were ordered because of an accident on 3 May 2009, involving an S-Bahn train. [3] Maintenance for this train was delayed by 2 years, symptomatic for the strategy to cut spending in the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary. [4] Having so many trains taken out of service for inspection left less than 30 percent of the system's rolling stock available for revenue service. Eight routes, including most through services on the Stadtbahn, were closed, and on other lines headways were reduced to 20 minutes and trains shortened. [5]

Some minor restorations in service were made on 3 August 2009. Owing to new inspection troubles the S-Bahn network was again reduced dramatically on 8 September 2009 when 75% of the trains were withdrawn from service for inspection and faulty brake cylinders. [6] There were again no trains on the Stadtbahn between Westkreuz and Alexanderplatz and no S-Bahn trains to Spandau. Trains on the circle lines, S41 and S42, were running at 10-minute intervals. Other routes were running with extended intervals and reduced distances. [7]

In late 2009, the Berlin Senate expected that normal operations would only resume in 2013. [8] In January 2010, DB announced that they expected the system to resume normal service in December 2010 and employed 300 new staff in their workshops. [9] In the same month, the Berlin transport Senator Ingeborg Junge-Reyer rejected an extension of the traffic contract with the operator Deutsche Bahn (DB) which is due to expire in December 2017.

By spring of 2011, some 420 train sets were in service, a considerable improvement over the situation in 2009 but still insufficient compared to the 500 needed to provide a normal full service. The S-Bahn announced it was to invest €120 million to achieve the goal of 500 train sets in service by December 2011. [10] Rüdiger Grube, the head of the DB, announced that losses due to the S-Bahn crisis had reached €370 million at the end of 2010. He expected them to reach €700 million by the end of 2014, with no operating profits to be made before the end of the contract in December 2017. [11]

MTR Corporation, National Express Group, Berlin S-Bahn GmbH and RATP Development had tendered for their procurement process, and were soon followed by train manufacturer Stadler Rail for their operations from 2018 to 2033. The specific contracts are:

Ringbahn -

Stadtbahn -

Nord-Süd Bahn -

Infrastructure work

Starting in 2010, DB Netz is replacing mechanical train stops on the S-Bahn network with electronic balises. [12] The track-side installation of new ZBS train control system shall be completed in 2015 whereas there is migration phase for train operation up to 2025.

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Berlin Potsdamer Platz is a railway station in Berlin. It is completely underground and situated under Potsdamer Platz in central Berlin. Regional and S-Bahn services call at the station, and it is also served by U-Bahn line U2.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin Gesundbrunnen station</span> Railway station in Berlin

Berlin Gesundbrunnen station is a railway station in Berlin, Germany. It is situated in the Gesundbrunnen district, part of the central Mitte borough, as an interconnection point between the northern Ringbahn and Nord-Süd Tunnel lines of the Berlin S-Bahn, as well as a regional and long distance station of the Deutsche Bahn network. The station is operated by the DB Station&Service subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn AG and is classified as a Category 1 station, one of 21 in Germany and four in Berlin, the others being Berlin Hauptbahnhof, Berlin Südkreuz and Berlin Ostbahnhof.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin-Spandau station</span>

Berlin-Spandau station is a Deutsche Bahn station in the Berlin district of Spandau on the south-western edge of the old town of Spandau. The railway junction station is one of the 80 stations classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 2 station. It has the longest train shed in Germany.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin Westkreuz station</span> Railway station in Berlin, Germany

Berlin Westkreuz is a station in the Charlottenburg district of Berlin. It is served by the S-Bahn lines S3, S41, S42, S46, S5, S7 and S9 and so represents a major interchange point on the Berlin S-Bahn network. It lies at the opposite end of the Stadtbahn to Ostkreuz and is one of the four main stations on the Ringbahn.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transport in Berlin</span> Overview of the transport in Berlin

Berlin has developed a highly complex transportation infrastructure providing very diverse modes of urban mobility. 979 bridges cross 197 kilometers of innercity waterways, 5,334 kilometres (3,314 mi) of roads run through Berlin, of which 73 kilometres (45 mi) are motorways. Long-distance rail lines connect Berlin with all of the major cities of Germany and with many cities in neighboring European countries. Regional rail lines provide access to the surrounding regions of Brandenburg and to the Baltic Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin-Lichterfelde Ost station</span> Railway station in Berlin

Berlin-Lichterfelde Ost station is on the Anhalt Suburban Line in Lichterfelde in the Berlin borough of Steglitz-Zehlendorf. It is served by S-Bahn line S25, S-Bahn line S26, and Regional-Express lines 3, 4 and 5.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin Nord-Süd Tunnel</span> Berlin metropolitan railway line

The North–South S-Bahn Tunnel is the central section of the North–South transversal Berlin S-Bahn connection crossing the city centre. It is not to be confused with the Tunnel Nord-Süd-Fernbahn, the central tunnel part of the North–South main line used by intercity and regional trains. The S-Bahn North–South line encompasses the route from Bornholmer Straße and Gesundbrunnen via Friedrichstraße and Anhalter Bahnhof to Papestraße and Schöneberg.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin North–South mainline</span> Major commuter railway in the German capital

The Berlin North-South main line, also called the North-South link (Nord-Süd-Verbindung) is an electrified railway line in Berlin which was opened in 2006. It is an important component of the “mushroom concept” (Pilzkonzept) adopted for long-distance and regional rail services through the city. Its core is an approximately 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long Tiergarten tunnel under the Tiergarten in Berlin. The tunnel section includes the underground level of Berlin Hauptbahnhof and the Potsdamer Platz regional station. The above-ground section of the line includes the Berlin Südkreuz station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wannsee Railway</span>

The Wannsee Railway is a suburban railway in Berlin running from Potsdamer Platz via the Ring line station of Schöneberg to Wannsee station on Großer Wannsee, a lake after which it is named. Today it is a section of the Berlin S-Bahn line S1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spandau Suburban Line</span> Suburban railway in Berlin, Germany

The Spandau suburban railway is a suburban railway in Berlin. It is an extension of the Stadtbahn from Westkreuz to Spandau. Its last kilometre runs parallel with the Lehrte and Hamburg lines. It is currently used by Berlin S-Bahn lines S3 and S9.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">S15 (Berlin)</span>

S15 is a planned second north-south route for the Berlin S-Bahn, which will connect Berlin Hauptbahnhof to the Berlin Ringbahn to both north and south. The first section is under construction and is expected to go into operation in 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn station</span>

Siemensstadt-Fürstenbrunn station was a suburban station on the Berlin–Hamburg railway in Westend, a locality of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf borough in Berlin. It was primarily built for workers at its nearby Siemens Works in the neighbouring quarter of Siemensstadt.

References

  1. Oberreichsbahnrat Dr. von Gersdorff (1939). "Die Nordsüd-S-Bahn und der Berliner S-Bahn-Tarif" [The North-South S-Bahn and the Berlin S-Bahn tariff]. Nordsüd-S-Bahn Berlin. Technisch-Wirtschaftliche Bücherei (in German). Berlin: Otto Elsner Verlagsgesellschaft.
  2. Fender, Keith; Bent, Mike (February 2011). "Old Berlin/Gdansk S-Bahn cars in museum and in use". Today's Railways. Platform 5 Publishing Ltd. p. 61.
  3. "Klaus Kurpjuweit: S-Bahn prüft nach Unfall Konsequenzen. In: Der Tagesspiegel. 4. Mai 2009". Potsdamer Neueste Nachrichten. 17 July 2009. Retrieved 23 Oct 2012.
  4. "Klaus Kurpjuweit, Lars von Törne: S-Bahn stellt Ost-West-Verkehr komplett ein. Züge ab Montag nur noch bis Zoo und Ostbahnhof. Bahn leiht sich Regionalzüge für Innenstadtverkehr". Potsdamer Neueste Nachrichten. 17 July 2009. Retrieved 23 Oct 2012.
  5. "Chaos in Berlin. Eisenbahn-Bundesamt legt S-Bahnen still". Spiegel Online. 1 July 2009. Retrieved 1 May 2011.
  6. "Berliner S-Bahn droht neues Chaos". Spiegel Online. Retrieved 2011-05-01.
  7. "Wie die S-Bahn in Schieflage geriet" [As the train ran into difficulties] (in German). Der Tagesspiegel. 2009-12-12. Retrieved 2011-05-01.
  8. "S-Bahn fährt frühestens 2013 wieder normal" [S-Bahn not back to normal until at least 2013] (in German). Der Tagesspiegel. 2009-12-28. Retrieved 2011-05-01.
  9. "Deutsche Bahn: 70 Mio. Euro zusätzliche Entschädigung für S-Bahn-Kunden – Normalisierter Betrieb bis Ende 2010" [Deutsche Bahn: € 70 million additional compensation for S-Bahn customer - Normalized operating by end 2010] (in German). S-Bahn Berlin.
  10. "Worldwide Review - Germany - Berlin". Tramways & Urban Transit . Ian Allan Ltd / Light Rail Transit Association. May 2011. p. 193.
  11. "Berliner S-Bahn-Chaos kostet 700 Millionen Euro" [Berlin S-Bahn chaos will cost 700 million euros] (in German). Spiegel-Online. 2010-01-10.
  12. "Railway Gazette: Berlin S-Bahn control update" . Retrieved 2010-08-18.