Indian cuckooshrike | |
---|---|
Adult on tree | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Order: | Passeriformes |
Family: | Campephagidae |
Genus: | Coracina |
Species: | C. macei |
Binomial name | |
Coracina macei (Lesson, 1831) | |
Synonyms | |
Graucalus maceiLesson, 1831 |
The Indian cuckooshrike (Coracina macei) is a species of bird in the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae that is found on the Indian subcontinent. Formerly under the English name "large cuckooshrike" this species included many subspecies and had a large range that included Southeast Asia.
Two subspecies are recognised [2]
The Indian cuckooshrike formerly included additional subspecies (under the English name "large cuckooshrike"): [2]
Adult males have a broad and well-marked eye stripe which is pale in females. The throat and breast are grey in males and the abdomen and flanks are finely barred. Females have the throat and breast also with barring which extends further down and lacks the prominent whitish vent of the male. They are mostly insectivorous but also feed on figs and forest fruits and usually fly in small groups with a bounding flight just above the forest canopy. The Indian population has a loud call klu-eep and the birds have a characteristic habit of flicking their closed wings one after the other upon landing on a perch. The same wing movements are also used during courtship. [3]
The species breeds in the dry months of winter. The nest is a shallow saucer placed in the fork of a horizontal branch at some height above the ground. The saucer is made of twigs and grass decorated on the outside with cobwebs and with little lining. The typical clutch is three eggs in peninsular India and two around Bengal. [3]
The cuckooshrikes and allies in the family Campephagidae are small to medium-sized passerine bird species found in the subtropical and tropical Africa, Asia and Australasia. The 93 species are divided into 11 genera. The woodshrikes (Tephrodornis) were often considered to be in this family but are now placed in their own family, Vangidae, along with the philentomas and the flycatcher-shrikes. Another genus, Chlamydochaera, which has one species, the black-breasted fruithunter, was often placed in this family but has now been shown to be a thrush (Turdidae).
The Kashmir flycatcher is a small passerine bird in the flycatcher family Muscicapidae. It breeds in the Northwest Himalayas and winters in southern India and Sri Lanka. It was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the red-breasted flycatcher, Ficedula parva, which is its closest living relative. Males are distinctive in having a blackish border to the reddish throat while the females can easily be confused with those of F. parva.
The white-bellied antbird, is a passerine bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Panama, on Trinidad, and across northern South America. It is also called Swainson's antcatcher after William John Swainson, who first described it scientifically.
The Réunion cuckooshrike is a passerine bird in the cuckooshrike family. It is endemic to the island of Réunion, where it is restricted to two areas of mountain forest in the north of the island. Males are dark grey above and pale grey beneath, while females have dark brown upper parts and a streaked breast. The population has been declining and the range contracting, being currently about 16 square kilometres (6.2 sq mi), and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated the species as "critically endangered", with the possibility that the bird could be wiped out by a tropical storm. Conservation efforts are being made by attempting to control the cats and rats which prey on the chicks, and this seems to have resulted in the population stabilising.
The plaintive cuckoo is a species of bird belonging to the genus Cacomantis in the cuckoo family Cuculidae. It is native to Asia, from India, Nepal and China to Indonesia.
Coracina is a large genus of birds in the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae.
The grey cuckooshrike is a species of bird in the cuckooshrike family Campephagidae. It is a medium-sized forest bird, with grey to blue-grey plumage and large black eyes. There are two subspecies that occur in forest patches of southern and central Africa respectively.
The Oriental cuckooshrike is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is widely distributed from the Himalayas through Southeast Asia to east China and Taiwan. It is also found on the islands of Java and Bali in Indonesia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest. The range of this species was formerly restricted to Java and Bali and had the English name "Javan cuckooshrike".
The black-bibbed cicadabird or black-bibbed cuckooshrike is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. The species is elusive and poorly known. This species has five subspecies that differ considerably in plummage, it is possible that this may actually be a species complex and consists of multiple species.
The bar-bellied cuckooshrike is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is found in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines, and its natural habitats include mangrove forest, dry forest, swamp forest, and secondary forest. The plumage varies among the subspecies, with different amounts of barring on the underparts. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed the species as one of least-concern.
The cerulean cuckooshrike is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. Other common names for this bird include the Sulawesi cuckooshrike, the Celebes cuckooshrike and Temminck's cuckooshrike.
The black-and-white triller is a species of bird in the family Campephagidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitat is tropical moist lowland forests.
Ihering's antwren is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.
The orange minivet is a brightly colored bird in the cuckooshrike family, Campephagidae. It is found all along the Western Ghats and west coast of India and Sri Lanka. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the scarlet minivet which is considered to have a wider distribution in eastern and northern India and South-east Asia. Its natural habitats are temperate forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. The orange minivet is a species resident in southern India and Sri Lanka, that feeds primarily on insects while foraging in mixed-species bird flocks or in small single-species groups.
The Cebu boobook or Cebu hawk-owl is a species of owl in the family Strigidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the Philippine hawk-owl, but was reclassified in 2012, as voice and other data suggested placement in a distinct species.
The Mindoro cuckooshrike is a passerine bird in the family Campephagidae that is endemic to the islands of Mindoro and Tablas in the Philippines. The species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the bar-bellied cuckooshrike.
The Visayan cuckooshrike is a passerine bird in the family Campephagidae that is found on the western Visayas of the Philippines on the islands of Panay, Negros, Masbate, Guimaras and Ticao Island. The species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the bar-bellied cuckooshrike.
The Mindanao cuckooshrike is a passerine bird in the family Campephagidae that is found only in the Philippines on the islands of Bohol, Samar, Leyte, Mindanao and Basilan. The species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the bar-bellied cuckooshrike.
The Sulu cuckooshrike is a passerine bird in the family Campephagidae that is found in the Sulu Archipelago of the Philippines. The species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the bar-bellied cuckooshrike.
The Malayan cuckooshrike is a passerine bird in the family Campephagidae that is found on the Malay Peninsula. The species was formerly considered to be a subspecies of the large cuckooshrike, now renamed the Indian cuckooshrike.