Iris kolpakowskiana

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Iris kolpakowskiana
Iris kolpakowskiana 01.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Hermodactyloides
Section: Iris sect. Monolepsis
Species:
I. kolpakowskiana
Binomial name
Iris kolpakowskiana
Synonyms [1]
  • Alatavia kolpakowskiana(Regel) Rodion.
  • Iridodictyum kolpakowskianum(Regel) Rodion.
  • Xiphion kolpakowskianum(Regel) Baker
Botanical illustration Iris kolpakowskiana.jpg
Botanical illustration

Iris kolpakowskiana, or Kolpakowski's iris, [2] is a plant species in the genus Iris , it is classified in the subgenus Hermodactyloides and section Monolepsis. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia.

Contents

Description

It has a bulb covered with a densely reticulate fibrous tunics. [3]

It has 3–4 leaves, [3] which are similar to many irises of the genus Scorpiris , although it has only a few leaves at flowering time. [4]

They are 3.5–11 cm (1.4–4.3 in) long, [3] and can increase up to 30 cm (12 in) later after flowering. [4] They are 0.2 cm wide and ribbed on the underside. [3]

It has a very short stem, green spathes (leaves of the flower bud) and perianth tube 5–9 cm (2.0–3.5 in) long. [3]

It blooms in late winter, [5] between March, [6] and April. [3]

The flowers are bi-tone (2 coloured), [7] they come in purple shades, from reddish-violet, [7] lilac-violet, [3] [8] pale lilac to pale purple. [5]

Like other irises, it has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals), known as the 'standards'. [9] : 17  The falls are lanceolate shaped, 3.5–4 cm (1.4–1.6 in) long. [3] They are dark violet, purple, [3] or dark reddish purple, [5] with a yellow, [3] or yellow orange ridge. [5] [7] The standards are obovate or oblanceolate shaped and 3.5–5 cm (1.4–2.0 in) long. [3]

It has stamens with filaments that are 0.5–0.9 cm long. [3]

After the iris has flowered, it produces a cylindrical with a short beak seed capsule. [3]

Biochemistry

As most irises are diploid, having two sets of chromosomes, this can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings. [9] : 18  It was counted as 2n=20. [7] [3]

Taxonomy

It is pronounced as (Iris) EYE-ris (kolpakowskiana) kol-pa-kow-skee-AY-nuh. [2] It is sometimes known as 'Kolpakowski's Iris'. [2]

It is sometimes mis-spelt as Iris kolpakowskyana. It was named after the first Russian military Governor of Semirechye Oblast in modern Kazakhstan Gerasim Alexeevich Kolpakovsky  [ Wikidata ]. [10] [11] [12] See also Sun Tulip or Kolpakowski Tulip. [13]

The iris was first described by Eduard August von Regel in the Botanical Magazine No.6489 in 1880. [5] [14]

Iris kolpakowskiana is now an accepted name by the RHS, [15] and was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 2 October 2014. [16]

Distribution and habitat

It is native to temperate Asia. [16]

Range

It is found in the Tien Shan Mountains, Turkestan. [3] [6] [7] It is also found in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, [16] and Kyrgyzstan. [17]

Habitat

It grows on the hillsides, [18] and open grassy slopes, [3] in wet sticky clay that dries out in summer. [19]

It is normally found at 800–3,000 m (2,600–9,800 ft) above sea level, [18] near the melting snowline. [3]

Conservation

It was on the 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. [20]

Related Research Articles

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References

  1. ↑ "Iris kolpakowskiana Regel". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 "PlantFiles: Kolpakowski's Tulip". davesgarden.com. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 British Iris Society (1997) A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 282, at Google Books
  4. 1 2 Cassidy, G.E.; Linnegar, S. (1987). Growing Irises (Revised ed.). Croom Helm. pp.  145–146. ISBN   9780709907060.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Walters, Stuart Max (Editor) European Garden Flora: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated , p. 354, at Google Books
  6. 1 2 Richard Lynch The Book of the Iris , p. 164, at Google Books
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Kramb, D. (25 September 2004). "Iris aphylla". signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  8. ↑ Lyte, Charles (17 March 2001). "In focus: iris reticulata". Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  9. 1 2 Austin, Claire (2005). Irises; A Garden Encyclopedia. Timber Press. ISBN   0-88192-730-9.
  10. ↑ Foster, Prof. Michael (3 May 1892). "Bulbous Irises" . Retrieved 16 July 2014.
  11. ↑ "All results for Kolpakowski in Newspaper Archive". myheritage.com. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  12. ↑ "Победа казаков и казахов". Archived from the original on 2016-02-05. Retrieved 2015-05-22.
  13. ↑ "Kolpakowski Tulip, aka Sun Tulip". www.paghat.com. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  14. ↑ "Iridaceae Iris kolpakowskiana Regel". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  15. ↑ "Iris kolpakowskiana". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 31 October 2014.
  16. 1 2 3 "Iris kolpakowskiana". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 22 August 2015.
  17. ↑ Sasha W. Eisenman, David E. Zaurov, Lena Struwe Medicinal Plants of Central Asia: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan: Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan , p. 5, at Google Books
  18. 1 2 "Iris kolpakowskiana". www.alpinegardensociety.net. 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2014.
  19. ↑ "Reticulata Irises". www.pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
  20. ↑ Kerry Scott Walter, Harriet J. Gillett (Editors) 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants , p. 679, at Google Books

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