Iris warleyensis

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Iris warleyensis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Scorpiris
Section: Iris sect. Scorpiris
Species:
I. warleyensis
Binomial name
Iris warleyensis

Iris warleyensis is a species in the genus Iris , it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It has long arching mid-green leaves, thin stem and spring flowers in shades of blue.

Contents

Description

Iris warleyensis is very similar in form to Iris orchioides and Iris bucharica , but differs in colour and has a white horn-like edge to the leaves. [1]

It has a bulb with a brown papery skin and thick storage roots. [2]

The leaves start as 1.5–3 cm wide at the base of the plant, [2] [3] and appear at the end of the flowering time. [2] They are arching, [3] scattered, lance-shaped, channeled, mid green in colour, [4] with a white margin. [5] They can also grow up to 20 cm long. [3]

It grows to a height of between 20–45 cm (8–17.5 in) tall. [4] [3]

In spring, [3] April (in the US), [5] it produces between 3 and 5 flowers. [4] [6]

The flowers come in shades of blue, ranging from deep violet, purplish-blue, [1] [7] summer-evening blue, [5] to pale lilac. [4] They are 5–7 cm (2–3 in) wide. Each fall has a darker blue apex and a yellow (or white) [7] stain or crest in the centre. [4] The blades curve down. The standards are deflexed, pale blue with a night-blue band in the centre, [5] and 1–2 cm long. The standards can also vary in shape, from narrowly linear to almost 3-lobed shaped. [7]

Iris warleyensis, Iris bucharica and Iris orchioides , all have cubiform seeds. [8] But I. warleyensis seeds have a conspicuous cream coloured seam (known as a 'raphe') all the way down one side from top to bottom. [1]

Taxonomy

It was first published by Michael Foster in 'Gardeners' Chronicle' Series 3, 261 of London in 1902. [9] [10]

Iris warleyensis is now the accepted name by the RHS, [11] and it was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 3 October 2014. [9]

It was found in Bokhara in Eastern Turkestan in 1899, by a plant collector on behalf of the Van Tubergen nurseries in Haarlem, the Netherlands. [12] Mr Foster then named it after 'Great Warley', the renowned gardener Ellen Willmott's garden in Essex. [1] [5]

It was later mentioned in the RHS Journal (later known as The Garden) 91.f 159 in 1966. [7]

Native

Iris warleyensis is native to Central Asia. [3] Located in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. [9] It was found on the stony slopes of Pamir Mountains or Aman-Kutan mountains, South of Samarkand in Uzbekistan. [5] [2] [3]

Cultivation

It is hardy to USDA Zone 3. [7] In the UK, it is best cultivated in an unheated greenhouse, alpine house or bulb frame. [4] [2]

But it will grown in well-drained soils in any sunny spot that are not too wind-swept. [13] [3]

Known hybrids

Iris warleyensis will hybridise readily. [14] Iris warleyensis and Iris bucharica can cross quite freely, and the seedlings are usually vigorous plants of the shape and stature of the latter species. [6] Iris bucharica x Iris warleyensis hybrids have yellow or greenish flowers bordered with green or brown patches. [8]

Iris 'Warlsind' was created by a Dutch nurseryman called Thomas M. Hoog. It has standards that are white-pearl streaked with milk-blue. It also has bright yellow lozenges (with a yellow ridge), tipped with chocolate brown on its falls. It grows to a height of between 24–35 cm (10-14"). It is hardy in the US. [5] [7]

Related Research Articles

<i>Iris spuria</i> Species of plant

Iris spuria, or blue flag, is a species of the genus Iris, part of the subgenus Limniris and the series Spuriae. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Europe, Asia and Africa. It has purple or lilac flowers, and slender, elongated leaves. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions and hybridized for use in the garden. It has several subspecies; Iris spuria subsp. carthaliniae B.Mathew, Iris spuria subsp. demetrii B.Mathew, Iris spuria subsp. maritima (Dykes) P.Fourn. and Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica (Fomin) Takht. It used to have 3 other subspecies, which have now been re-classified as separate species; Iris spuria subsp. halophila, Iris spuria ssp. sogdiana and Iris spuria subsp. notha . It has many common names including 'blue iris', 'spurious iris' and 'bastard iris'.

<i>Iris <span style="font-style:normal;">subg.</span> Scorpiris</i> Subgenus of flowering plants

Iris subg. Scorpiris, commonly called Juno, is a subgenus of Iris, representing the smooth-bulbed bulbous irises. For a while it was an independent genus Juno Tratt. in some classifications.

<i>Iris bucharica</i> Species of plant

Iris bucharica is a species of flowering plant in the family Iridaceae. It is a bulbous herbaceous perennial, from temperate Asia, within Afghanistan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. It has long blue green leaves, many flowers in spring, in shades of yellow and white.

<i>Iris variegata</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris variegata, commonly known as the Hungarian iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial from eastern Europe. It has dark green, ribbed leaves. The branched flowering stems can be as tall as the leaves, they can hold 2–3 flowers in summer. They are yellowish-white, with brown-purple veins on the drooping falls. It is very hardy and it is commonly cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. There are several cultivars.

<i>Iris rosenbachiana</i> Species of plant

Iris rosenbachiana, the spinster iris, is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, within Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has long mid-green leaves, short flower stem, sweet scented flowers in early spring in shades of purple.

Iris vicaria is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Asia, found in Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It has tall arching leaves, and has varied coloured flowers, with white, blue and purple between April and May.

Iris willmottiana is a species in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from Uzbekistan in central Asia. It has green broad leaves, short stems, large flowers in various shades of blue.

<i>Iris orchioides</i> Species of orchid

Iris orchioides, the 'orchid iris,' is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the mountains of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. It has dark green leaves, slender stems, up to three yellow flowers in spring. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris maracandica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris maracandica is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Uzbekistan, Central Asia. It has short stems, scented spring flowers in shades of yellow.

<i>Iris tubergeniana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris tubergeniana is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from Central Asia, in the former states of USSR. It has pale green, pointed or sickle shaped leaves, short flowering stem holding 1-3 spring flowers in shades of yellow.

<i>Iris bulleyana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris bulleyana is a species in the genus Iris, also the subgenus Limniris and in the series Sibiricae. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from South west China, including Myanmar and Tibet. It has long thin green leaves,

Iris forrestii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, also the subgenus Limniris and in the series Sibiricae. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from China and Burma. It has linear grassy-like leaves, long thin stem and fragrant yellow or lemon-yellow flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris farreri is a beardless iris in the genus Iris, in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Tenuifoliae of the genus. It is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, from China. It has grey-green leaves, long stem and 1 or 2 violet, lilac or light blue flowers. It has undergone several changes of name and series, before being left as Iris farreri.

<i>Iris hoogiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris hoogiana is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the grassy mountainsides of Turkestan. It has long green leaves, which are slightly purple at the base, and a long slender flowering stem. The flowers are blue, ranging from sky-blue to lavender blue and blue purple. It has orange or yellow beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris stolonifera</i> Species of plant

Iris stolonifera is a plant species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus Iris, and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Turkestan, between Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Afghanistan. It has red-skinned stolon roots and rhizomes, glaucous, long, blue-grey leaves, and bi-coloured flowers, in various shades from milky white, to blue, purple, pale lilac, lavender and brown. It normally has blue to yellow beards on all the petals.

<i>Iris hookeriana</i> Species of plant

Iris hookeriana is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Himalayan mountains of India and Pakistan. It has long pale green or yellow green leaves, long slender stem and fragrant blue, purple or lilac flowers, that are mottled with a darker colour. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris sikkimensis is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Sikkim. It has pale green or light green thin leaves, slender stem, 2 or 3 lilac or purple flowers, with a white beard with orange tips. It is thought to be a hybrid of Iris hookeriana and Iris kumaonensis.

<i>Iris imbricata</i> Species of plant

Iris imbricata is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Caucasus mountains, within Iran, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. It has broad, sword-like, yellow green or light green leaves, slender stem with branches, inflated and overlapping green spathes, and 2–5 yellow, pale yellow or greenish yellow flowers.

<i>Iris junonia</i> Species of plant

Iris junonia is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Cilicia, within the Taurus Mountains. It has glaucous short leaves, tall stems with several branches, numerous flowers in various colours from blue-purple, lavender, pale blue, cream, white and yellow, with brown veining and white tipped orange beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. Its status is still unclear, if it is a synonym of Iris germanica or a separate species.

<i>Iris sambucina</i> Species of plant

Iris sambucina, the elder scented iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from southern and central Europe. It has green, curved or sword-like leaves, tall round stem, multiple flowers in shades from brown violet, or brown-purple, to purple-violet, blue violet, mauve, and to purple. The large flowers are fragrant, with the scent of elderflowers, hence the name. It was first considered a separate species, then it was classified as a synonym of Iris germanica, before being classified as a separate species again, but with a hybrid origin from Iris pallida and Iris variegata. It is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson & Company Ltd. p. 60. ISBN   978-0913728086 . Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 British Iris Society (1997) A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 273, at Google Books
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Iris warleyensis". encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net. 2011. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Brickell, Christopher, ed. (1996). RHS Encyclopedia of Garden Plants. London: Dorling Kindersley. p. 522. ISBN   978-0-7513-0436-7.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "IRIS FLEUR-DE-LYS Iridaceae (Iris family)". www.hillkeep.ca. 12 May 2008. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
  6. 1 2 Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 24. ISBN   978-0913728086 . Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey (Editors) The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification , p. 353, at Google Books
  8. 1 2 Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson & Company Ltd. p. 89. ISBN   978-0913728086 . Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  9. 1 2 3 "Iris warleyensis". Germplasm Resources Information Network . Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture . Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  10. ↑ "Iris". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). p. 143. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  11. ↑ "Iris warleyensis". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  12. ↑ Audrey Le Lièvre Miss Willmott of Warley Place: Her Life and Her Gardens at Google Books
  13. ↑ Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 24. ISBN   978-0913728086 . Retrieved 26 September 2014.
  14. ↑ Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 27. ISBN   978-0913728086 . Retrieved 26 September 2014.

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