Itoa

Last updated

Itoa
Itoa orientalis - Chengdu Botanical Garden - Chengdu, China - DSC03468.JPG
Itoa orientalis in Chengdu Botanical Garden, China
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Salicaceae
Subfamily: Salicoideae
Tribe: Saliceae
Genus: Itoa
Hemsl.
Species

See text

Synonyms

MesaulospermaSlooten

Itoa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Salicaceae. [1] It is also in the tribe Saliceae. [2]

Contents

Its native range is southern China to Vietnam, central and eastern Malesia to New Guinea. It is found in China (Hainan), Maluku Islands, New Guinea, Sulawesi and Vietnam. [1]

Description

An evergreen tree with broad leaves, [3] [4] that are alternate, sometimes sub-opposite placed. [5] The leaf blade is pinnate-veined with lateral veins closely set, mostly 1-2 cm apart. [5] The yellow buff flowers, [4] are unisexual, hypogynous (borne below the ovary), The staminate flowers (male flower, flower with stamens but no pistil) are in erect, terminal panicles. The pistillate flowers (a flower containing one or more pistils but no stamens, female flower) has 1 to few in short terminal or axillary racemes. It has bracts and the bracteoles (small bracts) are a pair per pedicel, usually caducous (falling off early). The sepals appearing 3 or 4-merous in bud, in fact to 5-merous at anthesis (at time of flowering), nearly free, valvate, ovate shaped, with base appearing to be cordate (heart-shaped). The staminate flowers have many stamens with filaments free and filiform (thread-like). The anthers are ellipsoid to oblong in shape, basifixed, connective usually curved, bringing both locules (chambers) to face in same direction (towards the periphery of flower). The pistillate flowers have ovary superior, 1-loculed; placentas are 6-8, rarely 5, filiform and have a woody-like end. The ovules are numerous with 6-8 styles, which are very short, connate (cone-like), forming a short longitudinally ribbed column. The stigmatic branches (4-) 6-8 are spreading or strongly reflexed against the ovary and irregularly palmately lobed. The many staminodes (sterile stamen) are extragynoecial, like the stamens but very much reduced. The seed capsule is ovoid or ellipsoid in shape, large, woody, tomentose (covered in hairs), outer layer probably finally dehiscent. The valves (5 or) 6-8, are fusiform (rod shaped), splitting from apex and base and remaining attached by woody persistent placental strips. The styles are caducous. It has many seeds, which are arranged vertically in the capsule, [5] they are winged with a broad wing, [6] which is flat, thin, triangular, squarish or rectangular, completely surrounding seed. [5]

Taxonomy

The genus name of Itoa is in honour of Keisuke Itō (1803–1901) a Japanese physician and biologist, and his grandson Tokutarō Itō (1868–1941), [7] and it was first described and published in Hooker's Icon. Pl. Vol.27 on table 2688 in 1901. [1]

Known species

According to Kew; [1]

Itoa orientalisHemsl. is grown as an ornamental tree in Australia, [4] Cornwall, UK, [8] and Ireland. [3]

Itoa stapfii(Koord.) Sleumer is found in Papua New Guinea. [5] [9]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stamen</span> Male organs of a flower

The stamen is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium.

<i>Aleurites</i> Genus of flowering plants

Aleurites is a small genus of arborescent flowering plants in the Euphorbiaceae, first described as a genus in 1776. It is native to China, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, Papuasia, and Queensland. It is also reportedly naturalized on various islands as well as scattered locations in Africa, South America, and Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Plant reproductive morphology</span> Parts of plant enabling sexual reproduction

Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction.

<i>Flindersia</i> Genus of flowering plants

Flindersia is a genus of 17 species of small to large trees in the family Rutaceae. They have simple or pinnate leaves, flowers arranged in panicles at or near the ends of branchlets and fruit that is a woody capsule containing winged seeds. They grow naturally in Australia, the Moluccas, New Guinea and New Caledonia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gynoecium</span> Female organs of a flower

Gynoecium is most commonly used as a collective term for the parts of a flower that produce ovules and ultimately develop into the fruit and seeds. The gynoecium is the innermost whorl of a flower; it consists of pistils and is typically surrounded by the pollen-producing reproductive organs, the stamens, collectively called the androecium. The gynoecium is often referred to as the "female" portion of the flower, although rather than directly producing female gametes, the gynoecium produces megaspores, each of which develops into a female gametophyte which then produces egg cells.

<i>Chamaesyce</i> Genus of flowering plants

Chamaesyce is a subgenus of plants in the family Euphorbiaceae. Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that Chamaesyce is deeply nested within the broader Euphorbia. Specifically, Chamaesyce is very closely related to plants like Euphorbia pulcherrima, the popular poinsettia. Currently, all species have now been reclassified as species of Euphorbia. Specifically, this group now belongs to Euphorbia subgenus Chamaesyce section Anisophyllum. Taxonomically speaking, Chamaesyce is considered a synonym of Euphorbia.

<i>Lepiderema</i> Genus of trees

Lepiderema is a genus of eight species of trees in the lychee family Sapindaceae native to New Guinea and eastern Australia, plus one more from Queensland that is yet to be formally described. The type species is Lepiderema papuana.

This page provides a glossary of plant morphology. Botanists and other biologists who study plant morphology use a number of different terms to classify and identify plant organs and parts that can be observed using no more than a handheld magnifying lens. This page provides help in understanding the numerous other pages describing plants by their various taxa. The accompanying page—Plant morphology—provides an overview of the science of the external form of plants. There is also an alphabetical list: Glossary of botanical terms. In contrast, this page deals with botanical terms in a systematic manner, with some illustrations, and organized by plant anatomy and function in plant physiology.

<i>Bucephalandra</i> Genus of flowering plants

Bucephalandra is a genus of flowering plants in the family Araceae. There are 30 species of Bucephalandra which have been discovered in Borneo and have been formally described by S.Y. Wong and P.C. Boyce. Most of the species are found in Borneo. Bucephalandra are usually found growing as dense mats over stones or rocks in streams or rivers in moist tropical forest.

<i>Trochocarpa</i> Genus of flowering plants

Trochocarpa is a genus of about 16 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae native to Australia, New Guinea, Borneo and Malesia. Plants in the genus Trochocarpa are shrubs or small trees, the leaves with more or less parallel veins, flowers in small clusters, each with 5 sepals, petals joined to form a cylindrical or bell-shaped tube, and the fruit a more or less spherical drupe.

Poranthereae is a tribe in the plant family Phyllanthaceae. It is one of ten tribes in the family, and one of four tribes in the subfamily Phyllanthoideae. Poranthereae comprises about 111 species, distributed into eight genera. The largest genera and the number of species in each are Actephila (31), Meineckia (30), and Andrachne (22).

Syndiclis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lauraceae. It contains ten species, which are native to China, Vietnam and Hainan, and Bhutan.

<i>Olmediella</i> Genus of trees

Olmediella is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family Salicaceae. It consists of one species of trees: Olmediella betschleriana, which is native to Central America. Formerly placed in the heterogeneous family Flacourtiaceae, Olmediella is now classified in Salicaceae, along with close relatives Bennettiodendron, Carrierea, Idesia, Itoa, Macrohasseltia, Poliothyrsis, and even the willows (Salix) and cottonwoods (Populus) themselves.

<i>Goldbachia</i> Genus of plants

Goldbachia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Brassicaceae.

<i>Geonoma undata</i> Species of palm

Geonoma undata is a species of medium-sized palm tree native to North and South America. It grows in the understory of tropical forests at high altitudes. This species has highly variable traits depending on its geographic location and several subspecies exist as a result.

<i>Itoa orientalis</i> Species of flowering plants

Itoa orientalis is a species of flowering plants belonging to the family Salicaceae. An evergreen tree from China and Vietnam, and cultivated as an ornamental tree.

<i>Goethalsia meiantha</i> Species of flowering plant

Goethalsia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Malvaceae. It only contains one species, Goethalsia meiantha(Donn.Sm.) Burret It is within the Grewioideae subfamily.

<i>Pometia</i> (plant) Genus of flowering plants

Pometia is a genus of 2 species of rainforest trees, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Floral morphology</span> Study of flower structures

In botany, floral morphology is the study of the diversity of forms and structures presented by the flower, which, by definition, is a branch of limited growth that bears the modified leaves responsible for reproduction and protection of the gametes, called floral pieces.

<i>Platea</i> (plant) Genus of plants

Platea, known as 肖榄属 in Mandarin, is a genus in the Metteniusaceae found in tropical and subtropical Asia. It is a small genus of mostly dioecious trees that grow in high-elevation forests.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Itoa Hemsl. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  2. Boucher, Lisa D.; Manchester, Steven R.; Judd, Walter S. (September 2003). "An extinct genus of Salicaceae based on twigs with attached flowers, fruits, and foliage from the Eocene Green River Formation of Utah and Colorado, USA". American Journal of Botany. 90 (9): 1389–1399. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.9.1389. PMID   21659238.
  3. 1 2 Royal Horticultural Society The Garden, Volume 126, Pages 743-955, 2001 , p. 868, at Google Books
  4. 1 2 3 "Itoa orientalis". Far Reaches Farm. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 "Itoa in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 5 October 2021.
  6. M. M. J. van Balgooy Malesian Seed Plants: Portraits of tree families, (Rijksherbarium/Hortus Botanicus, 1997) , p. 125, at Google Books
  7. Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, Volume II, D–L. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN   978-0-8493-2676-9.
  8. Peter Clough and Philip McMillan Browse Gardening on the Edge: Drawing on the Cornwall Experience (2004) , p. 43, at Google Books
  9. Barry J Conn and Kipiro Q Damas Trees of Papua New Guinea: Volume 1: Introduction and Gnetales to Fabales (2019) , p. 52, at Google Books

Wikispecies-logo.svg Data related to Itoa at Wikispecies