Jane Fonda's Workout

Last updated

1982 VHS release in Australia Jane Fonda's Workout - Warner Australia 1982 VHS.jpg
1982 VHS release in Australia

Jane Fonda's Workout, also known as Workout Starring Jane Fonda, is a 1982 exercise video by actress Jane Fonda, based on an exercise routine developed by Leni Cazden and refined by Cazden and Fonda at Workout, their exercise studio in Beverly Hills. The video release by Karl Home Video and RCA Video Productions was aimed primarily at women as a way to exercise at home. The video was part of a series of exercise products: Jane Fonda's Workout Book was released in November 1981, and both Jane Fonda's Workout video tape and Jane Fonda's Workout Record, published as a double-LP vinyl album, appeared in late April 1982. The VHS tape became a bestseller, and Fonda released further videos throughout the 1980s and into 1995. The video also increased the sales of VCRs.

Contents

The original 1982 Jane Fonda's Workout was the first non-theatrical home video release to top sales charts. In total, Fonda sold 17 million videos in the 1982–1995 series, considered an enormous success. Fonda's accomplishment spawned imitators and sparked a boom of women's exercise classes, opening the formerly male-dominated fitness industry to women and establishing the celebrity-as-fitness-instructor model. The ballet-style leg warmers she wore increased the popularity of an ongoing fashion trend, and her encouraging shout, "Feel the burn!", became a common saying, along with the proverb "no pain, no gain."

The success of Fonda's workout series funded her political activism, which was her original goal. Profits from the Workout franchise supplied money for the political action committee (PAC) she had been running with her husband, the activist and politician Tom Hayden. Their PAC, named Campaign for Economic Democracy, promoted left-wing political issues such as women's rights and the anti-war movement. In 1984, Fonda used her Workout money to help pay for a new PAC with Barbra Streisand and ten others forming the Hollywood Women's Political Committee.

Exercise studio, book, and LP

In 1978, Fonda broke an ankle bone while filming The China Syndrome , forcing a stop to her ballet exercises. She sought a new exercise regimen that would help her lose weight and stay trim without stressing her foot. She was referred to Leni Cazden, an exercise instructor in Century City who formulated a lengthy exercise sequence to burn calories. [1] Fonda took classes from Cazden and adopted her style of exercise. Fonda later recalled that women in 1978 had few choices for exercise classes and that most gyms were designed for men. She said, "We weren't supposed to sweat or have muscles. Now, along with forty other women, I found myself moving nonstop for an hour and a half in entirely new ways." [2] On location in Utah shooting The Electric Horseman in late 1978 and early 1979, Fonda taught her actor colleagues the exercises she had learned from Cazden, and was encouraged by the warm reception. [3] In May 1979, she partnered with Cazden to open an exercise studio called Workout on Robertson Boulevard in Beverly Hills. The sign above the studio's door read "Jane Fonda's Workout". [2] [4] One week of instruction (five one-hour sessions) cost $32.50. [5] Two to three thousand customers attended per week, likely because Fonda taught some of the early morning classes. [2] Merv Griffin and Barbara Walters shot segments at the studio to air on their television shows. Famous customers included actresses Ali MacGraw, Tina Louise and Peggy Lipton. [6] [7] The new business was profitable. [2] With the concept proved, Fonda added a second studio in Encino and a third in San Francisco. She wrote Jane Fonda's Workout Book to bring the technique to a wider audience. The book was published in November 1981 through Paramount-owned Simon & Schuster and sold 2 million copies. [8] [9]

In parallel with the exercise book, Fonda released the vinyl LP Jane Fonda's Workout Record through Columbia Records in April 1982, [10] which sold steadily at $12.98. [11] [12] It was certified double Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America in December 1984. [13] On the album, Fonda speaks as exercise instructor, backed by music. The double album contained songs by the Jacksons, the Brothers Johnson, Boz Scaggs, REO Speedwagon, Sylvester, Quincy Jones and others. [14] A cassette tape version was also sold. [2] While preparing the book and audio recording, Fonda was already considering a video. [15]

Video

Exercise industry

Exercise products had already been selling briskly before Fonda entered the field. Carol Hensel released an aerobic Dancercize album in 1980, selling 500,000 LPs and starting the 1980s craze for exercise. [12] Hensel's later Dance & Exercise videos went Platinum. Richard Simmons was already producing exercise records; his 1982 Reach LP was certified Platinum before it shipped, based on advance orders. [12]

Video Aerobics, featuring Leslie Lilien and Julie Lavin and available on videotape in 1979, was the first in the home video category of exercise tapes. [16] The same title appeared in 1982–83 in an updated new shoot. [17] Erotic photographer Ron Harris produced the Aerobicise program which aired on paid cable TV, and in early 1982 he sold a novelty aerobics video tape, Aerobicise: The Beautiful Workout, featuring close-up shots of the exercising women. [12] Harris's abstract camera work was seen as an application of "art instead of instruction", appealing to men and useless for exercise. [16]

There are two conflicting stories about how Fonda's exercise video project was started. Stuart Karl's version is that he brought the idea to Fonda in late 1981 after the book came out in November, while Richard D. Klinger says he and Karl called Fonda in early 1981 before the book. According to Karl, he was a young entrepreneur in Southern California starting a home video publishing company called Karl Home Video. His wife, Deborah, saw Fonda's Workout book promoted in a store window, and remarked that she would rather watch Fonda teach the workout on home video. Seeing an opportunity to bring exercise tapes to the home video market, Karl contacted Fonda's husband, the activist and politician Tom Hayden, to propose the idea as a source of campaign funding. Hayden put Karl in touch with Fonda, but she initially declined; [1] the home video market was new and unfamiliar to her – she did not know a single person who owned a videocassette recorder (VCR). [18] Karl persisted, and Fonda was persuaded by the possibility of extra money for her Campaign for Economic Democracy (CED), a political action committee founded by Hayden and Fonda in 1976 to promote liberal and progressive issues. [1] Karl teamed with RCA Video Productions on the project. [19] Fonda signed with Karl and RCA in early 1982. [1]

According to Richard D. Klinger, an executive in RCA Records' SelectaVision video group, Karl and Klinger contacted Fonda about shooting a video of her Beverly Hills exercise routine in early 1981. [15] At the time, she was still creating Jane Fonda's Workout Book, and she said she should first present the video idea to her book publisher, Simon & Schuster. David Obst at Simon & Schuster was keen on the proposal, but it was rejected by their affiliate Paramount Home Video. Fonda returned to Klinger and Karl who then entered into a joint production deal in which RCA would make the video discs while Karl would make the video tapes. Klinger was named West Coast director of RCA Video in January 1982. [20] Karl Home Video and RCA Video Productions began shooting Fonda's video in early 1982. [1] Simon & Schuster later regretted their decision, and by 1985 they were shopping for video projects. [21] Paramount head Barry Diller said in August 1983 that Paramount ignored obtaining publishing rights to business opportunities such as the Fonda workout video because Paramount executives were not familiar with the process. After this prominent failure, Diller said Paramount vigorously pursued the rights to related business ideas. [9]

Fonda's Workout

With a budget of $50,000, [1] $75,000, or $100,000, [22] Fonda started shooting the video with her friend, director Sid Galanty, a fellow Democrat known for making political advertisements for television. Fonda suggested that she act out a scripted role but Galanty convinced her to ad-lib and be herself. Galanty proposed shooting outdoors but Fonda insisted on a sprung floor suitable for dancers. Fonda's Beverly Hills studio proved to be incompatible because the mirrored walls reflected lights and cameras. Instead, Galanty built a theatrical set for the video, and the production crew worked out the many technical problems. Filming with music was impractical because the recording of Fonda's voice needed to be as pure as possible, so only the beats, the lowest frequencies of the music were amplified, to be filtered out in the editing. Fonda was unable to simultaneously talk to the viewer and count through her movements, so she took timing cues from hand gestures given by assistants stationed at the camera. Behind Fonda and also barefoot, a group of seven instructors and students from her exercise studios took part in the routine; they, too, watched the timing cues. Every exercise sequence was filmed in one long take, and if Fonda or Galanty saw a problem in playback, they filmed the whole sequence over again, which was physically demanding. Principal photography was done in three days, [22] and editing was finished by mid-March. [19]

1982 RCA SelectaVision Capacitance Electronic Disc label Jane Fonda's Workout - RCA CED 1982.jpg
1982 RCA SelectaVision Capacitance Electronic Disc label

The Workout video was released on April 24, 1982, [23] at the price of $59.95 for the video tape, equivalent to $189in 2023. Karl Home Video released the video tape, and three months later RCA Video Productions issued the workout on Capacitance Electronic Disc (CED), a vinyl video format, selling for $24.98; less than half the cost of the tape. [5] Galanty was listed as producer. Joe Chemay and John Hobbs composed Fonda's original theme music for the video; [19] the two had worked together on Chemay's 1981 R&B-pop album The Riper the Finer. [24] The RCA SelectaVision version of the video offered two audio channels, one with Fonda's verbal instruction, and the other with monaural music. The consumer would normally listen to both at once, but after they had memorized the routine, they could listen to the music by itself. [25] Fonda's Workout appeared on the video sales chart of Billboard magazine on May 22, 1982, entering at number 23. [26] The video rose up the chart to the number 4 position on June 19, and from that point, stayed at number 4 and above for three years. [14] During 1982–1985, the video topped the chart for a total of 41 weeks, dipping to number 2 for 75 weeks. At that time, no other video came close to this level of sales performance. Workout was the first non-theatrical home video release to top sales charts. [14]

Fonda herself prevented the Workout video from racking up better chart statistics, as she was competing against it through the home video release of her film On Golden Pond (1981) which was number 1 for 15 weeks in 1982. Three years later, Fonda charted with the home video release of We Are the World: The Video Event which she narrated. We Are the World hit number 1 in August 1985, edging the Workout video down to number 2. Many of Fonda's later videos in the workout series also charted: in February 1985, three at once were in the Top Ten of Billboard's chart. [14] Billboard magazine featured Fonda on the cover at the end of August 1985, describing her "video victory" and carrying articles about the actress, the exercise series, and the surprising sales juggernaut. [27] Many buyers of the exercise video also required a playback device, boosting sales of VCRs. [28] These new VCRs contributed to a general surge in home video popularity during the 1980s, extending far beyond Fonda's Workout. [2] By 1985, about one-third of American households owned a VCR, up from 2.5 percent in 1980. [29]

Lorimar Productions was a television production company known for many hit television shows, such as Dallas . Lorimar wanted a share of the profits from Fonda's Workout series, and so bought out Karl in October 1984 for a reported $3 million, rebranding the company as Karl-Lorimar. [30] Karl stayed in command of the workout video department, adding more Fonda titles as well as some by Richard Simmons. [31]

Fonda told her viewers to "feel the burn", which became a popular catchphrase. [32] She was criticized for this because ignoring a burning sensation in one's body might lead to injury. Other criticism came from her saying to the viewer, "if I can do it, you can do it"; a seemingly impossible task for those who were not as muscular as Fonda. Medical professionals warned that Fonda teaching people jerky movements might lead to muscle injury, [6] and that the proverb she repeated, "no pain, no gain", should not be taken literally, especially with regard to sharp pain which may indicate tissue damage. Instead, people who participate in aerobic exercise were advised to pay attention to the general feeling of discomfort brought on by the formation of lactic acid in the body during extended exertion, showing the limits of one's cardiorespiratory fitness. [33] Fonda grew concerned about reports of some of her customers getting stress fractures or experiencing back pain, [34] so for her next releases, she tempered her style, emphasizing gentle stretching and low-impact movements, and her spoken encouragements became more inclusive, such as "Hang in there, we're almost done!" [6] Leg warmers had already been popular with ballet dancers to wear during instruction and stretching, but with Fonda seen sporting them in her exercise books and videos, they were adopted by many more women across the US in the 1980s. [35] For years previously, Fonda had worn leg warmers for ballet classes, and was surprised to find that her name was associated with the trend. [36]

As the videos gained popularity, Julie LaFond was hired as the manager of Fonda's Workout franchise. Fonda and LaFond closed the San Francisco Workout studio in 1983 after two years of operation. The building's other tenants had complained about the noise of the exercises. In 1986, the Encino location was shuttered after posting losses. [37] In April 1991, Fonda's original Beverly Hills location closed, even though it was still profitable. Fonda said she was concentrating on her core business, which by this time was the video tape series, run by LaFond. [4] [38]

Fonda signed with Capri Beachwear in June 1983 to produce a line of Workout-branded exercise clothing, designed by Broadway costumer Theoni V. Aldredge and made in the U.S. by union shops. [39] Fonda expected to see gross sales of $30 million with this line. [2] The clothing was to be sold at Macy's and Saks Fifth Avenue, but after the line appeared piecemeal and incomplete for a few months, the enterprise folded in 1984. Thoroughgoing supply problems, high retail price tags and market inexperience all contributed to the failure. Capri Beachwear absorbed the losses and shut down, bankrupting owner Ron Mester. [39]

Activism

Jane Fonda in 2000 Jane Fonda (48591893841).jpg
Jane Fonda in 2000

Fonda used her Workout profits, including the studios, the book, the audio recording and the videos, to fund her political activism. [3] [40] [41] The Campaign for Economic Democracy PAC which she founded in 1976 with her husband Tom Hayden owned all of her Workout assets, such that the video profits went directly to the PAC treasury. [42] Buoyed by Workout money, the CED PAC successfully supported Hayden's campaign in 1982 running for the California State Assembly, and it pursued various liberal and New Left issues such as advocating for rent control, the reduction of water pollution, investing in solar power and protesting against nuclear power, championing labor rights, women's rights, and various anti-war initiatives. In early 1984, Fonda pulled some of the Workout assets away from the CED PAC so she could follow her own interests separate from Hayden's. In this manner she promoted abortion rights and worked against apartheid in South Africa. [43] [44] In August 1984, Barbra Streisand, Fonda, and ten other women formed the Hollywood Women's Political Committee (HWPC). [45] Though she was not directly active in the day-to-day decisions of the HWPC, its political goals were many of the same ones Fonda had promoted with Hayden through the CED PAC. In 1987, Fonda bought her Workout franchise from CED to control it herself. [4] By 1988, Fonda had donated about $10 million to political causes; mainly drawn from her workout video series. [42]

Similarly to Fonda, Karl funneled some of his Workout video distribution profits into political donations, especially to the 1988 campaign of Democratic presidential primary candidate Gary Hart. Hart had been the frontrunner in polls in April 1987, and the favored candidate of Fonda and Hayden, but he resigned from the race in May after news reports showed him to be unfaithful to his wife. In December 1987 he declared a second run, and Karl broke federal campaign guidelines to fund Hart's new effort. These irregularities were revealed by the Miami Herald at the beginning of 1988. [46] Hart resigned a second and final time in March. [47] In federal court, Karl pleaded guilty to hiding $185,000 in political donations through reimbursed third parties, and was hit with a fine of $60,000 and a sentence of probation for three years. Faced with business losses and conflict-of-interest lawsuits, in July 1989 he declared bankruptcy; he died of skin cancer in 1991 at the age of 38. [48] [49]

Legacy

Fonda reshaped the home video industry by selling 17 million videos from 1982 to 1995; far more than any other non-theatrical title in that period. [28] [14] [50] The fitness industry traces a large measure of its success to Fonda's Workout series. Equinox Group's National Director Carol Espel said about Fonda, "She opened the door for us who were either dancers or interested in fitness to become professionals and create an industry... She helped legitimize fitness as a viable business." [3] Many dance and fitness instructors of the late 1970s and early 1980s rode the wave created by Workout, expanding their businesses dramatically. Richard Simmons embraced the new video format with 1985's Get Started. Jazzercise was already an established exercise studio in the North County San Diego area, releasing a popular LP, but after Fonda the company grew very quickly, releasing aerobics videos and opening many franchise studios. [23] In 1985, fitness teacher Joanie Greggains shifted from LPs to video with Total Shape Up, and in 1987, personal trainer Kathy Smith followed suit by releasing Starting Out for beginners. [51] Jake Steinfeld of Body by Jake fame delivered the Energize Yourself video in 1986. [52] On the other hand, aerobics dance pioneer Jacki Sorensen watched her large organization reduce in size through the 1980s, partly because of competition. [53]

A handful of celebrities capitalized on the exercise video concept, including Cher, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Caitlyn Jenner, Pat Boone, Debbie Reynolds and Raquel Welch. [52] While Fonda encouraged her viewers to get in shape so that they could go out and change the world, the message in Welch's yoga-oriented video was to get in shape to change the inner self. [54] These stars enjoyed limited sales, never matching Fonda's reach. [28] [55]

In 2010, Fonda released the first of three videos in her new series titled Prime Time, aimed at users 50 years and older. [3] [8] In 2014 after many requests, she re-released five of her original 1980s videos on DVD and digital download, followed in 2018 by the re-release of another two of her videos from the early 1990s. [56] [57] In 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, Fonda recorded a brief exercise sequence at age 82, sympathizing with people who exercise at home while quarantined. Combining her political activism with 1980s-era video scenes and recently shot footage, Fonda gained views on Instagram and TikTok. [8] [58]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jane Fonda</span> American actress and activist (born 1937)

Jane Seymour Fonda is an American actress and activist. Recognized as a film icon, Fonda's work spans several genres and over six decades of film and television. She is the recipient of numerous accolades, including two Academy Awards, two British Academy Film Awards, seven Golden Globe Awards, and a Primetime Emmy Award as well as nominations for a Grammy Award and two Tony Awards. Fonda also received the Honorary Palme d'Or in 2007, the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2014, the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement in 2017, the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2021, and the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award in 2025.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aerobics</span> Form of physical exercise

Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness. It is usually performed to music and may be practiced in a group setting led by an instructor. With the goal of preventing illness and promoting physical fitness, practitioners perform various routines. Formal aerobics classes are divided into different levels of intensity and complexity and will have five components: warm-up, cardiovascular conditioning, muscular strength and conditioning, cool-down and stretching and flexibility. Aerobics classes may allow participants to select their level of participation according to their fitness level. Many gyms offer different types of aerobic classes. Each class is designed for a certain level of experience and taught by a certified instructor with a specialty area related to their particular class.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Aerobic exercise</span> Low to high intensity physical exercise

Aerobic exercise, also known as cardio, is physical exercise of low to high intensity that depends primarily on the aerobic energy-generating process. "Aerobic" is defined as "relating to, involving, or requiring oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen to meet energy demands during exercise via aerobic metabolism adequately. Aerobic exercise is performed by repeating sequences of light-to-moderate intensity activities for extended periods of time. According to the World Health Organization, over 31% of adults and 80% of adolescents fail to maintain the recommended levels of physical activity. Examples of cardiovascular or aerobic exercise are medium- to long-distance running or jogging, swimming, cycling, stair climbing and walking.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Capacitance Electronic Disc</span> Analog video disc playback system

The Capacitance Electronic Disc (CED) is an analog video disc playback system developed by Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in which video and audio could be played back on a TV set using a special stylus and high-density groove system similar to phonograph records.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Step aerobics</span> Form of aerobic exercise

Step aerobics, also known as bench aerobics and step training, is a form of aerobic exercise that involves stepping on and off a small platform.

Aerobic conditioning is the use of continuous, rhythmic movement of large muscle groups to strengthen the heart and lungs, as well as changes to the skeletal muscles. Improvement in aerobic conditioning occurs when athletes expose themselves to an increase in oxygen uptake and metabolism, but to keep this level of aerobic conditioning, the athletes must keep or progressively increase their training to increase their aerobic conditioning.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jazzercise</span> US multinational dance fitness center chain

Jazzercise is a fitness franchise company founded by Judi Sheppard Missett in 1969 and headquartered in Carlsbad, California, United States. The franchise's name is a portmanteau of "jazz" and "exercise."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Denise Austin</span> American fitness instructor, author, and columnist

Denise Austin is an American fitness instructor, author, and columnist, and a former member of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.

DeBarra Mayo is an American health and fitness advocate, writer and media personality. She has epilepsy, which has led her to a career involved with maintaining and enhancing health. She has written regularly on the subject of health and wellness in books, magazines and newspapers, as well as on radio and television broadcasts. Mayo has been an award-winning women's bodybuilder and trainer for the West Virginia University football team.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lightyear Entertainment</span>

Lightyear Entertainment, headquartered in Studio City, California, is a distributor of independent motion pictures in theaters, on DVD, Blu-ray, Video On Demand, as well as a distributor of music and music videos on CD, DVD, and digital distribution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Zumba</span> Exercise program

Zumba is a fitness program that involves cardio and Latin-inspired dance. It was founded by Colombian dancer and choreographer Beto Pérez in 2001. It currently has 200,000 locations, with 15 million people taking classes weekly, and is located in 180 countries. Zumba is a trademark owned by Zumba Fitness, LLC.

<i>Lynne Perries Alternative Workout</i> 1995 British film

Lynne Perrie's Alternative Workout was a VHS tape released on 15 May 1995. It starred Coronation Street actress Lynne Perrie, who had left the programme the year before after a twenty-three years of playing Ivy Tilsley. It was a parody of a fitness programme, aimed at the comedy/soft-porn market. The video was distributed by a small company, Mastiff World Productions Ltd, and was certified as a 15.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fitness culture</span> Sociocultural phenomenon surrounding exercise and physical fitness

Fitness culture refers to the social and cultural practices, values, and behaviors centered around exercise and physical fitness. It is commonly associated with activities performed in gyms, wellness centers, and health clubs, which have become popular spaces for individuals seeking to improve or maintain their physical fitness.

The FIRM is a brand of exercise videos and equipment currently owned by Gaiam. First released in 1986, the video series is best known for popularizing a hybrid of aerobic exercise and weight training.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">20th century women's fitness culture</span>

The 20th century saw multiple trends and changes in women's fitness culture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hollywood Women's Political Committee</span> Defunct political action committee

Hollywood Women's Political Committee was an American political action committee that campaigned for progressive issues. The group was founded by Jane Fonda, Barbra Streisand, and other women in the Greater Los Angeles area. HWPC formed in response to Geraldine Ferraro being selected as the running mate of Walter Mondale to run against President Ronald Reagan in the 1984 United States presidential election. The HWPC helped the Democratic Party wrest majority control in the 1986 U.S. Senate elections, and they helped elect Bill Clinton in the 1992 presidential election. 1992 also saw the HWPC assist in bringing a record number of women into the U.S. Senate, the accomplishment called the Year of the Woman.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Campaign for Economic Democracy</span> California-based New Left political action committee (1976-1986)

Campaign for Economic Democracy(CED) was a California-based political action committee founded by activist and politician Tom Hayden along with his wife, actress and activist Jane Fonda. The CED was formed to promote New Left issues such as rent control, reduction of water pollution, investing in solar power and fighting against nuclear power, advocating labor rights, women's rights and various anti-war initiatives. The CED helped Hayden shift his radical left image more to the center, to reduce opposition and allow him to win his political campaigns. At the same time, pressure from the CED was intended to move the Democratic Party to the left. The CED successfully passed rent control laws in 1979 in Santa Monica, and they backed the 1986 California Proposition 65 to reduce toxins discharged into public water sources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jacki Sorensen</span> Originator of aerobic dancing

Jacki Sorensen is the American originator of aerobic dancing, popularly known as aerobics. Inspired by Dr. Kenneth H. Cooper's 1968 book on aerobic exercise, she created for women an aerobic dance routine to music in 1969 in Puerto Rico, teaching U.S. Air Force wives. She expanded this concept into a teaching method and studio franchise, Aerobic Dancing Inc., that rose to 1,500 locations and 4,000 instructors teaching 170,000 students in 1981 at its peak.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fitness (Apple)</span> Mobile application developed by Apple

Fitness, formerly Activity, is an exercise tracking companion app by Apple Inc. available on iPhones running iOS 8.2 or above for users with a connected Apple Watch, later expanding to all iPhones regardless of Watch connectivity with the release of iOS 16. The application displays a summary view of user's recorded workouts from the Apple Watch or supported third-party apps and exercise equipment, as well as acting as the home for all Apple Fitness+ content.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tamilee Webb</span> American fitness professional and video maker

Tamilee Webb is an American fitness professional, best known for revolutionizing home workouts with her popular Buns of Steel and Abs of Steel video series, which have sold more than 14 million copies and for writing Workouts for Dummies. Her videos have appeared on Billboard's video charts and her work is considered a best seller by The New York Times.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rossen, Jake (June 19, 2015). "How Jane Fonda's Workout Conquered the World". Mental Floss . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Doyle, Jack (September 27, 2018). "Fonda Fitness Boom: 1980s & Beyond". PopHistoryDig.com. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Stukin, Stacie (January 17, 2011). "Jane Fonda wants you to feel the burn – again". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  4. 1 2 3 Arar, Yardena (September 20, 1992). "Jane Fonda exercises sound business sense with workout tapes". The Baltimore Sun . Retrieved September 25, 2020.
  5. 1 2 "Press release by RCA Video Productions". CED Magic. June 6, 1982. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  6. 1 2 3 Krucoff, Carol (November 19, 1985). "Fonda's Latest Workout: New Encouragement". The Washington Post . Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  7. ↑ Bosworth, Patricia (2011). Jane Fonda: The Private Life of a Public Woman. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 460. ISBN   9780547152578.
  8. 1 2 3 Lauretta, Ashley (April 3, 2020). "Jane Fonda's 1982 Workout Video Is Available On Amazon—But Does It Stand the Test of Time?". Parade . Retrieved September 5, 2020.
  9. 1 2 Salmans, Sandra (August 28, 1983). "Barry Diller's Latest Starring Role". The New York Times . Retrieved March 15, 2022.
  10. ↑ "New LP/Tape Releases" (PDF). Billboard . April 24, 1982. p. 60.
  11. ↑ "Top Album Picks" (PDF). Billboard . May 22, 1982. p. 66.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Harrington, Richard (May 22, 1982). "In Tone With the Music". The Washington Post . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  13. ↑ "Gold & Platinum: Jane Fonda Workout". Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 Grein, Paul (August 31, 1985). "Anatomy of a Knockout". Billboard . p. F-10.
  15. 1 2 Sutherland, Sam (March 27, 1982). "Fonda Puts RCA in Videodisk 'Workout'". Billboard . p. 5. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  16. 1 2 Bowden, Robert (May 9, 1983). "A review of video exercise tapes". Tampa Bay Times . pp. D1 –D2.
  17. ↑ Howe, Tom (Winter 2001). "New Video Aerobics". CED Magic. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
  18. ↑ Fonda, Jane (April 24, 2012). "30th Anniversary of My First Workout Video". janefonda.com. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  19. 1 2 3 "Press release by RCA Video Productions". CED Magic. March 17, 1982. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  20. ↑ "Executive Turntable: Related Fields". Billboard . January 30, 1982. p. 4. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  21. ↑ Pratt, Charles W. (October 1985). "Visions of the future". The Rotarian . Vol. 147, no. 4. Rotary International. pp. 16–17. ISSN   0035-838X.
  22. 1 2 Willens, Michele (August 31, 1985). "Sid Galanty". Billboard . Vol. 97, no. 35. pp. F-8, F-19. ISSN   0006-2510.
  23. 1 2 "Jane Fonda's first workout video released". This Day in History: April 24. History Channel . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  24. ↑ Siegel, Eric (April 5, 1981). "Joe Chemay steps out of musical background". The Baltimore Sun . p. 52. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  25. ↑ "RCA Sets 11 Videodisk Titles". Billboard . June 12, 1982. p. 24. Retrieved September 13, 2020.
  26. ↑ "Videocassette Top 40" (PDF). Billboard . May 22, 1982. p. 48.
  27. ↑ "Jane Fonda's Video Victory". Billboard . Vol. 97, no. 35. August 31, 1985. ISSN   0006-2510.
  28. 1 2 3 Hendricks, Nancy (2018). Popular Fads and Crazes Through American History. ABC-CLIO. p. 526. ISBN   9781440851834.
  29. ↑ Friedman, Danielle (January 15, 2025). "1972–1982: The Decade That Changed Fitness Forever". The New York Times . Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  30. ↑ Wasser, Frederick (2009). Veni, Vidi, Video: The Hollywood Empire and the VCR. University of Texas Press. p. 125. ISBN   9780292773943.
  31. ↑ "Stuart Karl, Exercise Video Tycoon, Dies at 38 After Battle with Cancer". AP News. August 18, 1991. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
  32. ↑ Tanglao, Leezel (April 24, 2014). "Jane Fonda's 'feel the burn' workout video turns 32". CBS News . Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  33. ↑ Glazier, Eve; Ko, Elizabeth (July 21, 2021). "Is no pain, no gain the best approach to exercise?". UCLA Health . Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  34. ↑ Bosworth 2011, p. 480
  35. ↑ Palumbo, Jacqui (February 26, 2021). "Remember when Jane Fonda revolutionized exercise in a leotard and leg warmers?". CNN . Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  36. ↑ Fonda, Jane (November 22, 2015). "Leg Warmers!!!!". janefonda.com. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  37. ↑ Brooks, Nancy Rivera (May 5, 1986). "Jane Fonda Workout Slimming Down; Encino Studio Closing". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 16, 2020.
  38. ↑ Citron, Alan (April 3, 1991). "No Sweat: Jane Fonda Closes Her Beverly Hills Aerobics Studio". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 16, 2020.
  39. 1 2 Kahn, Joseph P. (October 1985). "Starstruck". Inc. Retrieved September 17, 2020.
  40. ↑ Ferrise, Jennifer (September 18, 2018). "Jane Fonda on Her Biggest Regret – and How She Got Past It". InStyle . Archived from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  41. ↑ Stillwell, Jadie (November 13, 2019). "That Time Jane Fonda Sculpted Abs to Save the Planet". Interview . Retrieved September 6, 2020. 1984 interview between Fonda and Maura Moynihan.
  42. 1 2 Anderson, Christopher (July 26, 1990). "Before The Breakup, Tom And Jane Were Political Royalty". The Seattle Times . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  43. ↑ Ross, Steven J. (2011). Hollywood Left and Right: How Movie Stars Shaped American Politics. Oxford University Press. p. 260. ISBN   9780195181722.
  44. ↑ Ross, Steven J. (2011). Hollywood Left and Right: How Movie Stars Shaped American Politics. Oxford University Press. p. 260. ISBN   9780195181722.
  45. ↑ Balzar, John (March 9, 1987). "Party Power : 'Proudly Liberal' Hollywood Women's Political Committee Backs Up Its Message With Money and Muscle". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 5, 2020.
  46. ↑ Blumenthal, Sidney (January 22, 1988). "Star '88". The Washington Post . Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  47. ↑ Reid, T.R. (March 12, 1988). "Upbeat Hart Withdraws from Race". The Washington Post . Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  48. ↑ Rivera, Carla (August 17, 1991). "Stuart Karl, Video Boy Wonder Hit by Scandal, Dies at 38". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  49. ↑ Stevenson, Richard W. (February 7, 1988). "Troubled Entrepreneur: Stuart Karl; From Fonda and Hart To Flops and Hot Water". The New York Times. Retrieved September 12, 2020.
  50. ↑ Garcia, Patricia (July 7, 2018). "Jane Fonda's 1982 Workout Routine Is Still the Best Exercise Class Out There". Vogue . Retrieved September 5, 2020.
  51. ↑ Stevens, Mary (February 5, 1988). "Throw Away the Excuses, Turn on the VCR and Shape up". The Washington Post . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  52. 1 2 Wilkinson, Jack E. (December 3, 1987). "Health and Fitness: Exercise Video Sales Outstretch Movies". Los Angeles Times . United Press International . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  53. ↑ Black, Jonathan (2020). Making the American Body: The Remarkable Saga of the Men and Women Whose Feats, Feuds, and Passions Shaped Fitness History. University of Nebraska Press. pp. 111–113. ISBN   9781496209504.
  54. ↑ Finke, Nikki (November 12, 1987). "All Sides Get Worked Up Over Study of Aerobics Videos". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  55. ↑ Kagan, Elizabeth; Morse, Margaret (Winter 1988). "The Body Electronic: Aerobic Exercise on Video: Women's Search for Empowerment and Self-Transformation". TDR . 32 (4): 164–180. doi:10.2307/1145896. JSTOR   1145896.
  56. ↑ Angle, Sara (December 29, 2014). "Jane Fonda's Workout Videos to Be Released on DVD". Shape . Archived from the original on November 25, 2018. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  57. ↑ Shields, Judy (December 3, 2018). "Jane Fonda Workout Video-2 New ones to be Released Dec. 18-Just in time for the Holidays!". The Hollywood Times. Retrieved January 25, 2022.
  58. ↑ Matthews, Melissa (April 12, 2020). "'Jane Fonda's Workout Is The Bright Spot In My Self-Isolation'". Women's Health . Retrieved September 5, 2020.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.