Jeju uprising

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Jeju uprising
Part of the division of Korea and the Cold War
Jeju Province in South Korea.svg
Map of South Korea with Jeju highlighted at the bottom in red
DateApril 3, 1948 (1948-04-03) – May 13, 1949 (1949-05-13)
(1 year, 1 month, 1 week and 3 days)
Location
Result Uprising suppressed
Belligerents

Flag of the Workers' Party of South Korea.svg Workers' Party of South Korea

  • Local supporters
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg United States Army Military Government in Korea (until August 1948)
Flag of South Korea (1948-1949).svg South Korea (from August 1948)
Northwest Youth League
Korean Youth League
Commanders and leaders
Flag of the Workers' Party of South Korea.svg Kim Dal-sam
Flag of the Workers' Party of South Korea.svg Pak Hon-yong
Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg William F. Dean
Flag of South Korea (1948-1949).svg Syngman Rhee
Flag of South Korea (1948-1949).svg Kim Ik-ryeol
Casualties and losses
Several thousand killed [1] :189 [a] 162 soldiers killed
289 policemen killed
640 paramilitaries killed
Total:
1,091 killed
14,373 civilians killed (86% by security forces and 14% by insurgents)
30,000 total dead including combatants [2]
Other estimates reach as high as 80,000 [3] [4]

  1. 2,345 killed from March to May 1949 alone
  2. U.S. State Department analyst John Merrill originally reported that only one person was killed, a six-year-old child. However, this conflicts with the official G-2 Periodic Report given by the 6th Infantry Division, the division responsible for firing on the protesters. The G-2 report states that 6 civilians were killed.
  3. U.S. intelligence estimated a voter turnout of 25 percent, while the DPRK reported a 77 percent turnout. [1] :177

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Events from the year 1948 in South Korea.

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Kim Dal-sam was a Korean school teacher and communist revolutionary. He led insurgents of the Workers' Party of South Korea during the Jeju uprising.

Kim Ik-ryeol, also romanized as Kim Ik Ruhl and Kim Ing-nyol, was an officer in the Republic of Korea military and leader of government forces on Jeju Province during the first month of the Jeju uprising.

The National Committee for Investigation of the Truth about the Jeju 4.3 Events was a truth commission in South Korea established in 2000. The commission aimed to investigate the Jeju 4.3 events, which refers to a "series of armed uprisings and counterinsurgency that occurred between 1948 and 1954 on Jeju island, the largest island in the southernmost part of South Korea." Announcing 14,028 victims, the first report of the commission was published in 2003, following an official apology by President Roh Moo-hyun, and his participation in a memorial service held in commemoration of the events, in 2006. However the commission continued to be in operation through 2009, carrying out various reparation projects as well as the screening of victims, thus making it the lengthiest truth commission in history.

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The North-West Youth Association, also known as the Northwest Youth League, was a far-right anti-communist South Korean paramilitary group active during the Cold War. It is most well known for committing widespread atrocities during the South Korean government-led suppression of the Jeju Uprising.

References

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Further reading

Jeju uprising