Johann Hari | |
---|---|
Born | Johann Eduard Hari 21 January 1979 Glasgow, Scotland |
Citizenship |
|
Alma mater | King's College, Cambridge |
Occupation |
|
Notable work | Chasing the Scream |
Website | johannhari |
Johann Eduard Hari (born 21 January 1979) is a Scottish writer and journalist whose books include 2022's Stolen Focus, about technology and modern lifestyles' impact on attention spans and mental health, and 2015's Chasing the Scream , about addiction and the war on drugs. Both were New York Times bestsellers, and Hari’s 2015 TED Talk based on Chasing the Scream was one of the most-watched of the year. [1] [2] Up until 2011, Hari wrote for The Independent , among other outlets, before resigning after admitting to plagiarism and fabrications dating back to 2001. [3]
Hari’s other books include Magic Pill, about semaglutide medications used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity, and Lost Connections, about depression, anxiety, and related mental health conditions. He is also listed as a producer and writer on the 2021 film The United States vs. Billie Holiday, which was nominated for an Academy Award, two Golden Globes, and other awards. [4]
Hari was born in Glasgow, Scotland, to a Scottish mother and Swiss father, [3] before his family relocated to London when he was an infant. [5] Hari states he was physically abused in his childhood while his father was away and his mother was ill. [6]
He attended the John Lyon School, an independent school affiliated with Harrow, and then Woodhouse College, a state sixth form in Finchley. [7] Hari graduated from King's College, Cambridge, in 2001 with a double first in social and political sciences. [8]
In 2000, Hari was joint winner of The Times Student News Journalist of the Year award for his work on the Cambridge student newspaper, Varsity .
After university, he joined the New Statesman , where he worked between 2001 and 2003, and then wrote two columns a week for The Independent. At the 2003 Press Gazette Awards, he won Young Journalist of the Year. [9] A play by Hari, Going Down in History, was performed at the Garage Theatre in Edinburgh, and his book God Save the Queen? was published by Icon Books in 2002. [9]
Hari supported the Iraq War. [10] In 2005, Hari wrote an article in The Independent entitled "Pinter does not deserve the Nobel Prize", arguing that Harold Pinter, due to a misguided and misinformed anti-imperialist and anti-war stance, should not have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. Pinter's official, authorised biographer, Michael Billington, commented that Hari "dismissed (Pinter's) Lecture in advance [of its broadcast on Channel 4 in the UK] as a 'rant' and falsely claimed that Pinter would have refused to resist Hitler."[ citation needed ] In addition to being a columnist for The Independent , Hari's work also appeared in The Huffington Post , The New York Times , the Los Angeles Times , The New Republic , The Nation , Le Monde , El País , The Sydney Morning Herald , and Haaretz , and he reported from locations around the world, such as Congo and Venezuela. [11] He appeared regularly as an arts critic on the BBC Two programme The Review Show and was a book critic for Slate . In 2009, he was named by The Daily Telegraph as one of the most influential people on the left in Britain. [12]
In June 2011, bloggers at Deterritorial Support Group, as well as Yahoo! Ireland editor Brian Whelan, discovered that Hari had plagiarised material published in other interviews and writings by his interview subjects. [13] [14] [15] For example, a 2009 interview with Afghan women's rights activist Malalai Joya included quotations from her book Raising My Voice in a manner that made them appear as if spoken directly to Hari. [16] A piece entitled "How Multiculturalism Is Betraying Women" which Hari submitted when entering the Orwell Prize was plagiarised from Der Spiegel. [17]
Hari initially denied any wrongdoing, stating that the unattributed quotes were for clarification and did not present someone else's thoughts as his own. [18] [19] However, he later said that his behaviour was "completely wrong" and that "when I interviewed people, I often presented things that had been said to other journalists or had been written in books as if they had been said to me, which was not truthful". [20] Hari was suspended for two months from The Independent [21] [22] and in January 2012 it was announced that he was leaving the newspaper. [23]
The Media Standards Trust instructed the council of the Orwell Prize, who had given their 2008 prize to Hari, to examine the allegations. [24] [25] The council concluded that "the article contained inaccuracies and conflated different parts of someone else's story" and did not meet the standards of Orwell Prize-winning journalism. [26] [27] Hari returned the prize, [28] though he did not return the prize money of £2,000. [29] He later offered to repay the sum, but Political Quarterly, which had paid the prize money, instead invited him to make a donation to English PEN, of which George Orwell had been a member. Hari arranged with English PEN to make a donation equal to the value of the prize, to be paid in installments when he returned to work at The Independent, but he did not return to work there. [30]
In an article about military robots, Hari falsely claimed that former Japanese prime minister Junichiro Koizumi was attacked by a factory robot and was nearly killed. [31] [32] [33] Hari falsely claimed that a large globe erected for the Copenhagen climate summit was "covered with corporate logos" for McDonald's and Carlsberg, with "the Coke brand ... stamped over Africa." [33] Private Eye's Hackwatch column also suggested that he pretended to have used the drug ecstasy and misrepresented a two-week package tour in Iraq as a one-month research visit, in order to bolster support for the Iraq war by stating that Iraqi civilians he spoke to were in favour of an invasion, although in an earlier article [34] he had given a conflicting account stating that Iraqis were reticent about their opinions. [35]
Hari has been accused of misrepresenting writing by George Galloway, Eric Hobsbawm, Nick Cohen and Noam Chomsky. [36] [33]
In September 2011, Hari admitted that he had edited articles on Wikipedia about himself and journalists with whom he had had disputes. Using a sock puppet account under the name "David r from meth productions", he added false and defamatory claims to articles about journalists including Nick Cohen, Cristina Odone, Francis Wheen, Andrew Roberts, Niall Ferguson [37] and Oliver Kamm, [38] and edited the article about himself "to make him seem one of the essential writers of our times". [37]
In July 2011, Cohen wrote about the suspicious Wikipedia editing in The Spectator, [37] prompting the New Statesman journalist David Allen Green to publish a blog post collecting evidence. [39] Hari used the fake identity "David Rose" to pretend to be an editor who was qualified in environmental science, and David Allen Green noticed that an 'methuselahproductions' email address associated with the David Rose identity had also been used to post incest erotica. [40] [41] [42]
This led to an investigation by the Wikipedia community and "David Rose" was blocked from Wikipedia. [39] Hari published an apology in The Independent, admitting that he had been "David Rose" and writing: "I edited the entries of people I had clashed with in ways that were juvenile or malicious: I called one of them anti-Semitic and homophobic, and the other a drunk. I am mortified to have done this, because it breaches the most basic ethical rule: don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you. I apologise to the latter group unreservedly and totally." [43]
Hari used threats of suing for libel to prevent critics revealing his misrepresentations. [44] British bloggers criticised his critique of Nick Cohen's What's Left: How Liberals Lost Their Way for factual and interpretive errors. Hari used libel law against a blogger who wrote that "a reputation for making things up should spell career death", leading to the blogger removing the post in question. [36]
Hari's book about drugs, Chasing the Scream: The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs, was published in 2015. [45] [46] Hari also gave a TED Talk on the subject that same year. Hari argued that most addictions are functional responses to experiences and a lack of healthy supportive relationships, rather than a simple biological need for a particular substance. [47]
In January 2018, Hari's book Lost Connections, which deals with depression and anxiety, was published, with Hari citing his childhood issues, career crisis, and experiences with antidepressants and psychotherapy as fuelling his curiosity in the subject. Kirkus Reviews praised the book. [48]
In January 2022, Hari published a book called Stolen Focus: Why You Can't Pay Attention, arguing that elements of modern lifestyles, including social media, are "destroying our ability to concentrate." [49] The book debuted at number seven on the New York Times nonfiction best-seller list for the week ending 12 February 2022. [50]
Magic Pill: The Extraordinary Benefits and Disturbing Risks of the New Weight Loss Drugs, Hari's first-person account of taking the weight loss drug semaglutide, was published in 2024. [51]
Due to the previous scandals, Hari put the audio of some interviews conducted for Chasing the Scream online. Writer Jeremy Duns criticised instances where quotes were inaccurately transcribed or misrepresented, stating that out of a sample of dozens of clips, "in almost all cases, words in quotes had been changed or omitted without being noted, often for no apparent purpose, but in several cases to subtly change the narrative." [52] [53] In a review for New Matilda, Michael Brull expressed reservations about Hari's citational practices and highlighted contradictions between the narrative in Chasing the Scream and a 2009 article by Hari. [54]
The journalist Zoe Stavri criticised Lost Connections for a lack of citations for key claims like "between 65 and 80% of people on antidepressants are depressed again within a year", reliance on the work of a single researcher, treating research on a single class of antidepressants as if it applies to all antidepressants, and conflating stress and depression. [55] [56] The psychologist and science writer Stuart Ritchie criticised Hari for repeatedly stating that "between 65 and 80% of people on antidepressants are depressed again within a year" without a clear citation. He traced the source to a pop science book rather than a review of the scientific literature. [57]
Ritchie and the neuroscientist Dean Burnett both criticised Stolen Focus for failing to cite strong evidence for the existence of shrinking attention spans, as well as for presenting mainstream psychological concepts as niche ideas that Hari had discovered. [58] Writer/broadcaster Matthew Sweet investigated some of the statements in the book and found that Hari had failed to cite the primary sources for some studies, and misrepresented the results of studies that suggested multitasking could have benefits in certain conditions. [59] [60] An author of one of the papers Hari cited intervened to state that he was "not happy with misrepresentation of our results". [61] [62]
Magic Pill attracted criticism for inaccuracies. Writing for The Guardian, Tom Chivers criticised the use of references which did not support the book's claims, as well as scientific inaccuracies. [63] A fact check by The Daily Telegraph found six examples of "errors, outdated data and disputed claims". [64] Private Eye magazine lambasted Hari's book for what it described as false claims and dubious references. [65]
Hari is gay. [66] [67] In a 2002 article, he stated that he had had sex with men who were members of homophobic far-right and Islamist groups. [68]
The Independent is a British online newspaper. It was established in 1986 as a national morning printed paper. Nicknamed the Indy, it began as a broadsheet and changed to tabloid format in 2003. The last printed edition was published on Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only the online edition.
Patrick Oliver Cockburn is a journalist who has been a Middle East correspondent for the Financial Times since 1979 and, from 1990, The Independent. He has also worked as a correspondent in Moscow and Washington and is a frequent contributor to the London Review of Books.
George Joshua Richard Monbiot is a British journalist, author, and environmental and political activist. He writes a regular column for The Guardian and has written several books.
Peter Jonathan Hitchens is an English conservative author, broadcaster, journalist, and commentator. He writes for The Mail on Sunday and was a foreign correspondent reporting from both Moscow and Washington, D.C. Peter Hitchens has contributed to The Spectator, The American Conservative, The Guardian, First Things, Prospect, and the New Statesman. His books include The Abolition of Britain, The Rage Against God, The War We Never Fought and The Phoney Victory.
Melanie Phillips is a British public commentator. She began her career writing for The Guardian and New Statesman. During the 1990s, she came to identify with ideas more associated with right-wing politics and the far-right and currently writes for The Times, The Jerusalem Post, and The Jewish Chronicle, covering political and social issues from a socially conservative perspective. Phillips, quoting Irving Kristol, defines herself as a liberal who has "been mugged by reality".
Jonathan Saul Freedland is a British journalist who writes a weekly column for The Guardian and used to write for the Jewish Chronicle until, along with Hadley Freeman, David Aaronovitch, David Baddiel and others, he resigned dramatically in September 2024. Freedman also presents BBC Radio 4's contemporary history series The Long View. Freedland also writes thrillers, mainly under the pseudonym Sam Bourne, and has written a play, Jews. In Their Own Words, performed in 2022 at the Royal Court Theatre, London.
Nicholas Cohen is a British journalist, author and political commentator. He was a columnist for The Observer, and is one for The Spectator. Following accusations of sexual harassment, he left The Observer in 2022 and began publishing on the Substack platform.
Rory Carroll is an Irish journalist working for The Guardian who has reported from the Balkans, Afghanistan, Iraq, Latin America and Los Angeles. He is the Ireland correspondent for The Guardian. His book on Hugo Chávez, Comandante, was published in March 2013.
Ghaith Abdul-Ahad is an Iraqi journalist who began working after the U.S. invasion. Abdul-Ahad has written for The Guardian and The Washington Post and published photographs in The New York Times, The Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, The Guardian, The Times (London), and other media outlets. Besides reporting from his native Iraq, he has also reported from Somalia, Sudan, Afghanistan, Libya and Syria.
The Orwell Prize is a British prize for political writing. The Prize is awarded by The Orwell Foundation, an independent charity governed by a board of trustees. Four prizes are awarded each year: one each for a fiction and non-fiction book on politics, one for journalism and one for "Exposing Britain's Social Evils" ; between 2009 and 2012, a fifth prize was awarded for blogging. In each case, the winner is the short-listed entry which comes closest to George Orwell's own ambition to "make political writing into an art".
Gideon Levy is an Israeli journalist and author. Levy writes opinion pieces and a weekly column for the newspaper Haaretz that often focus on the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories. Levy has won prizes for his articles on human rights in the Israeli-occupied territories. In 2021, he won Israel's top award for journalism, the Sokolov Award.
Anatol Lieven is a British author, journalist, and policy analyst. He is currently a visiting professor at King's College London and senior fellow at the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft.
Henry Smith Williams (1863-1943) was a medical doctor, lawyer, and author of a number of books on medicine, history, and science.
Hisham Matar is an American-born British-Libyan novelist, essayist, and memoirist. His debut novel In the Country of Men was shortlisted for the 2006 Man Booker Prize, and his memoir of the search for his father, The Return, won the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography and several other awards. Matar's essays have appeared in The New Yorker, The Guardian, The New York Times, and many other publications. He has also written several other novels.
Raja Shehadeh is a Palestinian lawyer, human rights activist and writer. He co-founded the award-winning Palestinian human rights organization Al-Haq in 1979. In 2008, he won the Orwell Prize, a British award for political writing, for his book Palestinian Walks.
Carole Jane Cadwalladr is a British author, investigative journalist, and features writer. She is a features writer for The Observer and formerly worked at The Daily Telegraph. Cadwalladr rose to international prominence in 2018 for her role in exposing the Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal, for which she was a finalist for the 2019 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting, alongside The New York Times reporters.
The Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism, named for the war correspondent, Martha Gellhorn, was established in 1999 by the Martha Gellhorn Trust. The Trust is a UK-registered charity. The award is founded on the following principles:
The award will be for the kind of reporting that distinguished Martha: in her own words "the view from the ground". This is essentially a human story that penetrates the established version of events and illuminates an urgent issue buried by prevailing fashions of what makes news. We would expect the winner to tell an unpalatable truth, validated by powerful facts, that exposes establishment conduct and its propaganda, or "official drivel", as Martha called it. The subjects can be based in this country or abroad.
Janice Turner is a British journalist, and a columnist and feature writer for The Times.
Chasing the Scream: The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs is a book by Johann Hari examining the history and impact of drug criminalisation, collectively known as "the War on Drugs". The book was published simultaneously in the United Kingdom and United States in January 2015. It inspired the 2021 biographical film The United States vs. Billie Holiday.
Andrew Mark Norfolk is a British journalist and chief investigative reporter for The Times. Norfolk became known in 2011 for his reporting on the Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal and other cases of on-street child grooming. He won both the Paul Foot Award and Orwell Prize for his work, and was named 2014 Journalist of the Year.
{{cite news}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link){{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)