Islam is the second largest religion in the Netherlands,after Christianity,and is practised by 5% of the population according to 2018 estimates. The majority of Muslims in the Netherlands belong to the Sunni denomination. Many reside in the country's four major cities:Amsterdam,Rotterdam,The Hague and Utrecht.
Geert Wilders is a Dutch politician who has led the right-wing to far-right Party for Freedom (PVV) since he founded it in 2006. He is also the party's leader in the House of Representatives. Wilders is best known for his right-wing populism,anti-immigration,opposition to Islam and Euroscepticism. His views have made him a controversial figure in the Netherlands and abroad. Since 2004,he has been protected at all times by armed police.
Ehsan Jami is an Iranian-born Dutch politician,activist and author who co-founded the former Central Committee for Ex-Muslims. He was previously a member of the Partij van de Arbeid (PvdA) before becoming active in the PVV founded by Geert Wilders.
The international reaction to Fitna consisted of condemnation from Muslims,several fatwa against Geert Wilders,and attempts by many Islamic countries to censor the film. The Dutch government immediately distanced itself from the film. Several Muslim organizations and political parties organized boycotts against Dutch products.
Mohamed Rabbae was a Moroccan-born Dutch politician and activist.
Louis Bontes is a Dutch politician and former police officer. He was a member of the European Parliament (2009–2010) and a member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands (2010–2017) for the Party for Freedom (PVV) until 2013 and as an independent since. He was the cofounder and chairman of the political party For the Netherlands (VNL) from 2014 to 2015.
The trial of Geert Wilders,a member of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands,took place in the Netherlands in 2010 and 2011. Wilders was accused of criminally insulting religious and ethnic groups and inciting hatred and discrimination. He was found not guilty in June 2011.
The Party for Freedom is a nationalist and right-wing populist political party in the Netherlands. Geert Wilders is the founder,party leader,and sole member of the party.
Robert Frank Willem "Wim" Kortenoeven is a Dutch author,journalist and former politician.
Johannes Henricus Antonius (Johan) Driessen is a Dutch politician and former lawyer. He was an MP for the Party for Freedom (PVV) from 17 June 2010 to 19 September 2012. He focused on matters of development aid.
Rudolf Aleida "Roland" van Vliet is a Dutch independent politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives between 17 June 2010 and 23 March 2017. A member of the Party for Freedom (PVV) until he left it on 20 March 2014,he became a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) on 1 June 2015 but remained an independent member of the House because of procedures that prohibits party switching during an incumbent legislative session. Unofficially,he caucused with the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy on voting.
Early general elections were held in the Netherlands on 12 September 2012 after Prime Minister Mark Rutte handed in his government's resignation to Queen Beatrix on 23 April. The 150 seats of the House of Representatives were contested using party-list proportional representation. The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) received a plurality of the votes,followed by the Labour Party (PvdA).
Sharia4Holland was an Islamist movement,openly seeking to institute Sharia law in the Netherlands. The group was an offshoot of the Belgian extremist network Sharia4Belgium.
Arnoud van Doorn is a Dutch politician. He was a member of the Dutch political party,Dutch Freedom Party (PVV),before converting to Islam.
Gommarus Adrianus "Gom" van Strien is a Dutch politician,he has been a member of the Senate for the Party for Freedom since 7 June 2011. He has served as deputy parliamentary leader since 25 September 2012. He was named formation scout after the 2023 Dutch general election but resigned within days,after he was linked to a fraud case involving his former employer,Utrecht Holdings.
Article 50 was a Eurosceptic political party in the Netherlands. The party was founded by MEP Daniël van der Stoep in 2012. The name refers to article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty,of which the first sentence is "Any Member State may decide to withdraw from the Union in accordance with its own constitutional requirements",as well as article 50 of the Constitution of the Netherlands,which states that "[t]he States General shall represent the entire people of the Netherlands." On 27 January 2015,the party merged into For the Netherlands,and therefore Article 50 ceased to exist.
VoorNederland was a Dutch political party. It was previously active in the House of Representatives of the Netherlands as the Group Bontes/Van Klaveren,a parliamentary group founded in April 2014. The parliamentary group was succeeded by a political party in May 2014. After failing to garner win a single seat in the 2017 general election,the party disbanded.
Gideon "Gidi" Markuszower is an Israeli–Dutch politician of the Party for Freedom (PVV). He became a member of the Netherlands Senate on 9 June 2015. In the 2017 Dutch general election he was elected to the House of Representatives,and gave up his Senate seat. He was fourth on the Party for Freedom list in the 2023 Dutch general election,and therefore continued his term as a member of the House of Representatives.
Christiaan Anton Jansen is a Dutch politician for the right-wing populist Party for Freedom (PVV). He has been serving as State Secretary for Public Transport and the Environment since July 2024,and he previously was a member of the House of Representatives between November 2019 and March 2021.
