Keratoderma

Keratoderma
Diffuse keratodermas affect most of the palms and soles.
Specialty	Dermatology

Keratoderma is a local or general thickening of the horny layer of the epidermis. ^[1]

Classification

The keratodermas are classified into the following subgroups: ^{[2] : 506}

Congenital

• Simple keratodermas
  • Diffuse palmoplantar keratodermas
    • Diffuse epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma
    • Diffuse nonepidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma
    • mal de Meleda
  • Focal palmoplantar keratoderma
    • Striate palmoplantar keratoderma
  • Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma
    • Keratosis punctata palmaris et plantaris
    • Spiny keratoderma
    • Focal acral hyperkeratosis
• Complex keratodermas
  • Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma
    • Erythrokeratodermia variabilis
    • Palmoplantar keratoderma of Sybert
    • Olmsted syndrome
    • Naegeli–Franceschetti–Jadassohn syndrome
  • Focal palmoplantar keratoderma
    • Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome
    • Pachyonychia congenita type I
    • Pachyonychia congenita type II
    • Focal palmoplantar keratoderma with oral mucosal hyperkeratosis
    • Camisa disease
  • Ectodermal dysplasias
    • Clouston's hidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
    • Acrokeratotic poikiloderma
    • Dermatopathic pigmentosa reticularis
  • Syndromic keratodermas
    • Vohwinkel syndrome
    • Palmoplantar keratoderma associated with esophageal cancer
    • Palmoplantar keratoderma and spastic paraplegia
    • Naxos disease
    • Striate palmoplantar keratoderma, woolly hair, and left ventricular dilated cardiomyopathy
    • Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness syndrome
    • Corneodermatosseous syndrome
    • Huriez syndrome
    • Oculocutaneous tyrosinemia
    • Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome
    • Schöpf–Schulz–Passarge syndrome

Acquired

• Acquired keratodermas
  • AIDS-associated keratoderma
  • Arsenical keratoses
  • Calluses
  • Climacteric keratoderma
  • Clavi (Corns)
  • Eczema
  • Human papillomavirus
  • Keratoderma blenorrhagicum
  • Lichen planus
  • Norwegian scabies
  • Paraneoplastic keratoderma
  • Psoriasis
  • Reactive arthritis
  • Secondary syphilis
  • Tinea pedis
  • Sézary syndrome
  • Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis
  • Drug-induced keratoderma ^[3]

See also

• Palmoplantar keratoderma
• List of cutaneous conditions

References

1. "keratoderma" . Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press.(Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
2. Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN   0-07-138076-0.
3. Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 778. ISBN   978-1-4160-2999-1.