Khukhrain

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Khukhrain
Khokhrain
Profile
Region Punjab
Ethnicity Punjabi
Khukhrain no longer has a chief, and is an armigerous clan
Historic seat Bhera

The Khukhrain or Khokhrain [1] is a sub-group composed of eight clans of the Khatri caste that originally hailed from the areas of the Salt Range.

Contents

Battle of Bhera

The Khukhrains spread over Khushab, Dhune Kheb, Chakwal, Pind Dadan Khan, Peshawar, Nowshera and Lahore. [2] [ full citation needed ] They were a powerful tribe during the attacks of Mahmud of Ghazni and resisted him during his third invasion after the defeat of Jayapala at the Battle of Bhera in 1004-5. Bhera was the Khukhrain capital. [3] [ full citation needed ]

When Bhera was sacked by Mahmud of Ghazni, the Khukhrain king, Biji Rai preferred to commit suicide using his dagger rather than submit to Mahmud Ghaznavi. [2] Jaipal's son, Anandapala, received support of the Khukhrains against the Ghazni rule in 1008-9 at Wahind. [4] [ full citation needed ]

Religious beliefs

The Khukhrain clan was originally Hindu. Later clan members embraced Sikhism and Islam. Khukhrains of all these faiths collectively form one kinship. In Pakistan there continues to be a large number of Muslim Khukhrains living especially in the Pakistani Punjab. Some scholars such as Muhammad Ikrām Chutai believe that a number of Khukhrains were converted to Islam by the Sufi Baba Farid. [5]

Clans

Khokran and Khokhars

Encyclopædia Britannica notes that: "The Khukhrain sub-group of the "52"s claims descent from a son of Manu and several clan names are traced to military terms in support of the claim to Kshatriya descent.." [14]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Khatri</span> Caste in South Asia

Khatri is a caste originating from the Punjab region of South Asia that is predominantly found in India, but also in Pakistan and Afghanistan. In the Indian subcontinent, they were mostly engaged in mercantilistic professions such as banking and trade. They were the dominant commercial and financial administration class of late-medieval India. Some in Punjab often belonged to hereditary agriculturalist land-holding lineages, while others were engaged in artisanal occupations and some were scribes learned in Sanskrit or Persian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bhera</span> City in Punjab, Pakistan

Bhera is a city and a tehsil of Sargodha District, Punjab province of Pakistan. The city is known for wood-carved items, textiles, and certain desserts.

Bhatia is a group of people and a caste found in Punjab, Sindh and Gujarat. Traditionally, they have been a trading and merchant community. The Bhatias primarily live in Northwestern India and Pakistan. The Bhatias, Lohanas and Khatris were similar communities and were known to intermarry. The Bhatias recruit Saraswat Brahmins as priests.

Kohli is a Khatri clan from Punjab.

Jat Sikh are an ethnoreligious group and a subgroup of the Jat people and the Sikh religious group from the Indian subcontinent. They are one of the dominant communities in the Punjab, owing to their large land holdings.

Puri is an Indian Punjabi surname of Kshatriya Varna, derived from a Chandravanshi Indo Aryan Puru tribe of King Porus.

Duggal is a Punjabi Khatri surname.

Bindra is a Punjabi surname found among Khatris and Jats. Many Bindra Khatris were located in Rawalpindi district.

Dhawan is a surname associated with the Khatri caste found in Punjab, India.

Sethi is a surname that is found among the Punjabi Khatris of India. They are a part of Khukhrain sub-caste among the Khatris which also includes the clans of Anand, Bhasin Chadha, Kohli, Ghai, Sahni, Sethi, (Sawhney) and Suri. The surname is also found among Arora which is another sub-caste of Khatris. Historian Kamal Shankar Srivastava writes that all Khukrains including Sethis were originally found near the banks of Indus and Jhelum river especially in the towns of Pind Dadan Khan, Peshawar and Nowshera.

Kakkar or Kakar is an Indian surname originating with the founder of a Bahri clan. It is associated with the Khatri caste of Hindus, Sikhs and Muslims. Whilst the Dictionary of American Family Names states that the etymology derives from the Sanskrit word karalagni, used in reference to the Sun and translating as "one who holds fire in its hands", the historians R. C. Dogra and Baij Nath Puri, believe it is derived from the word Karkar, meaning strong or powerful.

Chopra is a Ror and Punjabi Khatri surname. They belonged to the Barah-Ghar / Bahri family-group of the Khatris, which also includes the clans of Dhawan, Kakkar, Kapoor, Khanna, Mehra, Malhotra, Sehgal, Seth, Tandon, Talwar, and Vohra.

Kochhar or Kochar is a surname that is found among the Khatri and Charan communities of India.

Chandok is a surname found among the Khukrains, which is a sub-caste of Khatri community. They were concentrated in Peshawar and Kabul.

Dheer is a surname found among the Brahmins and Khatris of Punjab. The Dhirs of Kapurthala are descended from Baba Mahya, who was the Guru (teacher) of Guru Amardās of the Sikhs, and is still revered at Dhir weddings. The word "Dhir" translates to brave. Khulasat-ut-Tawarikh, a persian language book about history of India and Mughal Empire was written by Sujan Rai, a Dhir Khatri of Batala in Gurdaspur. Dhirs of Batala moved there before the end of Akbar's reign as soldiers. Bhai Bula, a Dhir Khatri was a dedicated Sikh of the time of Guru Arjan Sahib. His son, Dayal Das Dhir was martyred during a battle against the Mughals in Amritsar.

Uppal is an Indian surname. The Khatris have a clan and the Jats have a tribe called Uppal. According to BN Puri, Uppal is derived from the Sanskrit term "utpalarana" which means "one who leaps upon their enemies". Puri further mentions it to be a part of the Bunjahi and Sareen subcaste of Khatris. However, as per R.C. Dogra, Uppal means "stone". Uppals have origins in the districts of Montgomery, Amritsar and Ludhiana.

Sobti is a Punjabi Khatri surname.

Trehan is a Punjabi Khatri surname.

Wahi is a Punjabi Khatri surname. According to Shyam Singh Shashi, they're related to the ancient clan of Bālhikas. They were found in Pindigheb, Rawalpindi in West Punjab.

References

  1. ↑ Khushwant Singh (8 January 2011). "The brave Khokhrains". The Tribune (India newspaper). Retrieved 6 September 2019.
  2. 1 2 The Panjab Past and Present By Punjabi University Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies Published by Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University., 1981 Page 195
  3. ↑ The Panjab Past and Present By Punjabi University Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies Published by Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University., 1981 Page 200)
  4. ↑ The Panjab Past and Present By Punjabi University Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies Published by Dept. of Punjab Historical Studies, Punjabi University., 1981 page 201}
  5. ↑ Babaji: Life and Teachings of Farid-ud Din Ganj-i Shakar By Muhammad Ikrām Chutai Page 433 Published by Sang-e-Meel Publications, 2006
  6. ↑ Hanks, Patrick; Coates, Richard; McClure, Peter (2016-11-17). The Oxford Dictionary of Family Names in Britain and Ireland. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-252747-9.
  7. ↑ Puri, Baij Nath (1988). The Khatris, a Socio-cultural Study. M.N. Publishers and Distributors. p. 24.
  8. ↑ Siddiqi, Iqtidar Husain; Iraqi, Shahabuddin (2003). Medieval India: Essays in medieval Indian history and culture. Manohar. ISBN   978-81-7304-786-2.
  9. ↑ Puri, Baij Nath (1988). The Khatris, a Socio-cultural Study. M.N. Publishers and Distributors.
  10. 1 2 Singh, Pashaura (2006-07-10). Life and Work of Guru Arjan: History, Memory, and Biography in the Sikh Tradition. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-908780-8.
  11. ↑ Singh, Kumar Suresh (2004). People of India: (3 pts.) Maharashtra. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN   978-81-7991-101-3.
  12. ↑ Prasad, Guntupalli V. R.; Patnaik, Rajeev (2020-11-23). Biological Consequences of Plate Tectonics: New Perspectives on Post-Gondwana Break-up–A Tribute to Ashok Sahni. Springer Nature. ISBN   978-3-030-49753-8.
  13. 1 2 3 Puri, Baij Nath (1988). The Khatris, a Socio-cultural Study. M.N. Publishers and Distributors.
  14. ↑ Britannica: A New Survey of Universal Knowledge By Walter Yust Published by Encyclopædia Britannica, 1952 Page 980
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