Acetyl-CoA is a molecule that participates in many biochemical reactions in protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Its main function is to deliver the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production. Coenzyme A consists of a β-mercaptoethylamine group linked to the vitamin pantothenic acid (B5) through an amide linkage and 3'-phosphorylated ADP. The acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is linked to the sulfhydryl substituent of the β-mercaptoethylamine group. This thioester linkage is a "high energy" bond, which is particularly reactive. Hydrolysis of the thioester bond is exergonic (−31.5 kJ/mol).
Choline acetyltransferase is a transferase enzyme responsible for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. ChAT catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl group from the coenzyme acetyl-CoA to choline, yielding acetylcholine (ACh). ChAT is found in high concentration in cholinergic neurons, both in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). As with most nerve terminal proteins, ChAT is produced in the body of the neuron and is transported to the nerve terminal, where its concentration is highest. Presence of ChAT in a nerve cell classifies this cell as a "cholinergic" neuron. In humans, the choline acetyltransferase enzyme is encoded by the CHAT gene.
N-Acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) is an enzyme that catalyses the production of N-acetylglutamate (NAG) from glutamate and acetyl-CoA.
Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), also known as arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase or serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT), is an enzyme that is involved in the day/night rhythmic production of melatonin, by modification of serotonin. It is in humans encoded by the ~2.5 kb AANAT gene containing four exons, located on chromosome 17q25. The gene is translated into a 23 kDa large enzyme. It is well conserved through evolution and the human form of the protein is 80 percent identical to sheep and rat AANAT. It is an acetyl-CoA-dependent enzyme of the GCN5-related family of N-acetyltransferases (GNATs). It may contribute to multifactorial genetic diseases such as altered behavior in sleep/wake cycle and research is on-going with the aim of developing drugs that regulate AANAT function.
In enzymology, a 2-isopropylmalate synthase (EC 2.3.3.13) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an alpha-tubulin N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme which is encoded by the ATAT1 gene.
In enzymology, an arylamine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, an aspartate N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Carnitine O-acetyltransferase also called carnitine acetyltransferase is an enzyme that encoded by the CRAT gene that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a cysteine-S-conjugate N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a diaminobutyrate acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.178) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a histidine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a homocitrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.14) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a peptide alpha-N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a phenylalanine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a ribosomal-protein-alanine N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a serine O-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
In enzymology, a tetrahydrodipicolinate N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.89) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
Heparan-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HGSNAT gene.
