Leucocoprinus tenellus

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Leucocoprinus tenellus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Leucocoprinus
Species:
L. tenellus
Binomial name
Leucocoprinus tenellus
(Boud. ) Locq. (1943)
Synonyms

Lepiota tenella Boud. (1905)
Leucocoprinus emilei E.Ludw.  [ DE ](2012)

Contents

Leucocoprinus tenellus
Information icon.svg
Gills icon.png Gills on hymenium
Campanulate cap icon.svgFlat cap icon.svg Cap is campanulate or flat
Free gills icon2.svg Hymenium is free
Ring stipe icon.svg Stipe has a ring
Transparent spore print icon.svg
Spore print is white
Saprotrophic fungus.svgEcology is saprotrophic
Mycomorphbox Question.pngEdibility is unknown

Leucocoprinus tenellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. [1] [2]

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1905 by the French mycologist Jean Louis Émile Boudier who classified it as Lepiota tenella [3] accompanied with illustrations of the species. [4] It was reclassified as Leucocoprinus tenellus in 1943 by the French mycologist Marcel Locquin. [5]

In 1983 the British mycologist David Pegler described another species as Leucocoprinus tenellus [6] however this was an illegitimate name and was reclassified by the mycologist Jaime Bernardo Blanco-Dios in 2020 as Leucocoprinus martinicensis . [7]

In 2012 the German mycologist E.Ludw.  [ DE ] described Leucocoprinus emilei however Species Fungorum notes this as an illegitimate name which was based on the basionym Lepiota tenella. It is therefore considered a synonym of Leucocoprinus tenellus. [8]

Description

Leucocoprinus tenellus is a small dapperling mushroom with thin white flesh. Boudier provides the following description of the species:

Cap: Starts campanulate (bell shaped) and covered in woolly (floccose) violet scales before expanding and becoming white with small violet scales clustered in the centre disk and only sparsely dotted across the rest of the surface. The cap edges are striated. Gills: Free and white. Stem: 5-7cm tall (including the cap) tapering up from a slightly bulbous base. The interior is hollow whilst the exterior surface is white above the membranous stem ring, which is located towards the middle of the stem (median), with violet woolly scales below the ring and towards the base. Spores: Ovoid. 12-14 x 7-8 μm. [3]

Whilst Boudier describes the colour as violet in the original text his illustration [4] appears more brown. This may be due to aging and yellowing of the paper (colour corrected on the yellow channel in the following image), fading of the pigment over time or over-saturation in the scanned version of the book. Alternatively his description of the species as violet may simply be down to his own impression of the colour of this mushroom since Leucocoprinus ianthius can present with violet-brown tones which are described differently by different authors.

Emile Boudier's illustration, 1905-1910 Lepiota Tenella Illustration.jpg
Émile Boudier's illustration, 1905–1910

Habitat and distribution

L. tenellus is scarcely recorded and little known [9] and it is possible that it is a synonym for another Leucocoprinus species which simply has not been reclassified yet.

The specimen studied by Boudier was found in a greenhouse in Montmorency, France. [3]

Similar species

Boudier states that the species is similar to Lepiota bebrissoni [sic] (now known as Leucocoprinus brebissonii ) and Lepiota serena (now known as Leucoagaricus serenus ) but distinct from these species due to its colour and scaly stem base. [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jean Louis Émile Boudier</span> French pharmacist and mycologist

Jean Louis Émile Boudier was a pharmacist who lived in Montmorency, France. He published a fair amount about the Discomycetes and other areas of mycology. He often used Émile as his first name.

<i>Leucoagaricus</i> Genus of fungi

Leucoagaricus is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. As of March 2023 there are over 200 accepted species of Leucoagaricus with ongoing research into the genus adding several more each year. Leucocoprinus is a similar genus and considered by some sources to be indistinct from Leucoagaricus based on genetic data that demonstrates they are monophyletic. Species are separated into these genera based on macroscopic features such as cap striations in Leucocoprinus or the more persistent basidiocarps (mushrooms) of Leucoagaricus as well as microscopic features such as the lack of a germ pore in Leucoagaricus species. As a result of the similarities and disagreement on taxonomy, many of the species within these genera have formerly been classified in the other and may still be known by previous classifications. For instance the species Leucoagaricus gongylophorus is cultivated by fungus-growing ants but was formerly known as Leucocoprinus gongylophorus whilst other species cultivated by the lesser attine ants are still classified as undescribed Leucocoprinus species.

<i>Leucocoprinus brebissonii</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus brebissonii is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is commonly called the skullcap dapperling due to its distinctive pattern on the cap. This mushroom was only thought to be found in Europe but it has since been observed in the Pacific Northwest and may also be found in Asia.

<i>Leucocoprinus fragilissimus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus fragilissimus, commonly known as the fragile dapperling, is a species of gilled mushroom in the family Agaricaceae.

<i>Leucocoprinus cretaceus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus cretaceus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is likely tropical in origin although it was first documented in Europe where it was often found growing in greenhouses and bark beds. However many early observations conflate this species with Leucocoprinus birnbaumii or Leucocoprinus cepistipes despite sharing only some superficial similarities. This fungus is quite versatile even for a saprotroph and is often found growing in clusters on woodchips, sawdust and compost heaps as well as directly from the ground or on trees. It may also appear in plant pots and greenhouses in colder countries in which it is not well equipped to survive outside.

<i>Leucocoprinus ianthinus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus ianthinus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. Like several other Leucocoprinus species it may have originated in a tropical climate but now finds a home in plant pots, greenhouses and compost piles in many countries. It is not seen in plant pots with the same kind of regularity as the well known Leucocoprinus birnbaumii and not seen in the wild as frequently as Leucocoprinus brebissonii.

<i>Leucoagaricus meleagris</i> Species of fungus

Leucoagaricus meleagris is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus cygneus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus flavus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus medioflavus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus brunnescens is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus biornatus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus wynneae is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus beelianus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus citrinellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus velutipes is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus martinicensis is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus viridiflavus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It may also be known as Leucoagaricus viridiflavus.

Leucocoprinus bulbipes is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

References

  1. "Species fungorum - Leucocoprinus tenellus (Boud.) Locq., Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Soc. Bot. Lyon 12: 95 (1943)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
  2. "Mycobank Database - Leucocoprinus tenellus".
  3. 1 2 3 4 Boudier, Émile (1905). Icones mycologicæ, ou Iconographie des champignons de France principalement Discomycetes. Vol. 4. Paris: P. Klincksieck, L. Lhomme, successeur. pp. 9–10 via www.biodiversitylibrary.org.
  4. 1 2 Boudier, Émile (1905). Icones mycologicæ, ou Iconographie des champignons de France principalement Discomycetes. Vol. 1. Paris: P. Klincksieck, L. Lhomme, successeur. p. 18 via www.biodiversitylibrary.org.
  5. Locquin, Marcel (1943). "Étudie du développement des spores du genre Leucocoprinus Pat, (Troisième Partie) suivie de la description d'une espèce nouvelle et d'une espèce critique". Publications de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon. 12 (6): 95. doi:10.3406/linly.1943.9747.
  6. Pegler, David Norman (1983). Agaric Flora of the Lesser Antilles. H.M. Stationery Office. ISBN   978-0-11-241180-2.
  7. "Species Fungorum – Leucocoprinus martinicensis Blanco-Dios, Index Fungorum 449: 1 (2020)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
  8. "Species Fungorum - Leucocoprinus emilei E. Ludw., Pilzkompendium (Eching) 3: 556 (2012)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-07-10.
  9. "Leucocoprinus tenellus (Boud.) Locq". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2022-08-08.