Leucocoprinus brebissonii

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Leucocoprinus brebissonii
Leucocoprinus brebissonii.jpg
Leucocoprinus brebissonii from Florence, Oregon, USA
Leucocoprinus brebissonii-1.jpg
Cap detail
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Agaricales
Family: Agaricaceae
Genus: Leucocoprinus
Species:
L. brebissonii
Binomial name
Leucocoprinus brebissonii
(Godey) Locq. (1943)
Synonyms

Lepiota brebissonii Godey (1874)
Leucocoprinus otsuensis Hongo (1953)
Lepiota otsuensis Hongo

Contents

Leucocoprinus brebissonii is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. [1] [2] It is commonly called the skullcap dapperling due to its distinctive pattern on the cap. This mushroom was only thought to be found in Europe but it has since been observed in the Pacific Northwest [3] and may also be found in Asia.

Taxonomy

Its description by the French mycologist Louis-Luc Godey, who classified it as Lepiota brebissoni, was first published in 1874. [4] It was later reclassified as Leucocoprinus brebissonii in 1943 by the French mycologist Marcel Locquin. [5]

In 1953 the Japanese mycologist Tsuguo Hongo documented a species from Ōtsu, Japan which he classified as Leucocoprinus otsuensis having previously classified it as Lepiota otsuensis. Hongo noted that the species was very similar to L. brebissonii but that it could be distinguished from it by the squamules (scales) on the cap. [6] These may now be considered synonyms of Leucocoprinus brebissonii although some sources list Lepiota otsuensis as the current name.

Description

Leucocoprinus brebissonii is a small, delicate mushroom with thin white flesh that is brittle and prone to splitting at the cap edges.

Cap: 2-3cm wide and starting hemispherical or bulbous before flattening with age with a small dark brownish umbo which is often quite shallow. The cap surface can be darker and brownish when young but as it opens the brown colouration breaks up and the surface lightens to white with fine brown scales radiating out from the centre and largely absent towards the edges. Distinct, deep striations or grooves spread from the edges of the cap to around halfway up the surface or almost to the disc. Gills: Free, crowded and white. Stem: 3-7cm tall and 3-6mm thick and roughly equal in thickness across its length or tapering slightly to the base, which can be bulbous but may not be as pronounced as in other Leucocoprinus species. The surface is smooth and white but may have a light brownish tint with age. The small, movable stem ring is usually located in the middle or towards the top of the stem however the ring is fragile and often peels away or vanishes. Spore print: White. Spores: Ellipsoid to amygdaloid with a germ pore. Dextrinoid. 8.5-10.5 x 5.5-6.5 µm. Smell: Indistinct. Taste: Indistinct. [7] [8] [4]

Distribution and habitat

Leucocoprinus brebissonii is found in Europe and North America from summer to fall, where it grows in the soil in woods with deciduous trees.

In 1874 Godey documented Lepiota brebissoni growing in the Cerisy Forest of the Calvados region of France during the summer. He noted that it was solitary and rare. [4]

Edibility

Leucocoprinus brebissonii is suspected to be poisonous. [8]

Similar species

The species resembles Lepiota atrodisca; the authors of one field guide speculate that L. brebissonii may have been mistakenly identified as this species, explaining why it was previously overlooked in North America. [9]

Related Research Articles

<i>Leucocoprinus birnbaumii</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, commonly known as the flower pot parasol, yellow parasol, flowerpot parasol, or plantpot dapperling, is a species of gilled mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. It is common in the tropics and subtropics. However, in temperate regions, it frequently occurs in greenhouses and flowerpots, hence its common names of flowerpot parasol and plantpot dapperling. It is considered to be toxic if consumed.

<i>Leucocoprinus cepistipes</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus cepistipes, is a species of fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is typically found on wood debris, such as wood chips but may also grow in potted plants or greenhouses. Typical characteristics include a fine-scaled bell-shaped cap, a partial veil, and a tendency to bruise a yellow to brown when handled.

Louis-Luc Godey was a French mycologist known for his detailed illustrations of many European species of mushrooms.

<i>Inocybe godeyi</i> Species of fungus

Inocybe godeyi is a species of Inocybaceae fungus found in Europe. The species produces mushrooms with cone-shaped caps up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter. The caps are cream, becoming browner, but they bruise red. The stem is up to 6 cm (2 in) long, and has a "bulb" at the base. The white flesh has a strong smell and an acrid taste. The mushrooms can be found on forest floors in autumn months; the species forms an ectomycorrhizal relationship to surrounding trees, favouring beech. I. godeyi is known to be poisonous, containing muscarine compounds, and consumption of the mushrooms can lead to SLUDGE syndrome. The species is sometimes mistaken for the deadly I. erubescens.

<i>Leucocoprinus fragilissimus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus fragilissimus, commonly known as the fragile dapperling, is a species of gilled mushroom in the family Agaricaceae.

<i>Amanita pachycolea</i> Species of fungus

Amanita pachycolea, commonly known as the western grisette or the Stuntz's great ringless amanita, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae.

<i>Leucocoprinus cretaceus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus cretaceus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. It is likely tropical in origin although it was first documented in Europe where it was often found growing in greenhouses and bark beds. However many early observations conflate this species with Leucocoprinus birnbaumii or Leucocoprinus cepistipes despite sharing only some superficial similarities. This fungus is quite versatile even for a saprotroph and is often found growing in clusters on woodchips, sawdust and compost heaps as well as directly from the ground or on trees. It may also appear in plant pots and greenhouses in colder countries in which it is not well equipped to survive outside.

<i>Conocybe aurea</i> Species of fungus

Conocybe aurea is a basidiomycete fungus in the family Bolbitiaceae.

<i>Leucocoprinus ianthinus</i> Species of fungus

Leucocoprinus ianthinus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae. Like several other Leucocoprinus species it may have originated in a tropical climate but now finds a home in plant pots, greenhouses and compost piles in many countries. It is not seen in plant pots with the same kind of regularity as the well known Leucocoprinus birnbaumii and not seen in the wild as frequently as Leucocoprinus brebissonii.

Leucocoprinus brunnescens is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus biornatus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus bakeri is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus muticolor is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus citrinellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus heinemannii is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus subglobisporus is a species of mushroom-producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus tenellus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus venezuelanus is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus bulbipes is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

Leucocoprinus antillarum is a species of mushroom producing fungus in the family Agaricaceae.

References

  1. ↑ "Species fungorum - Leucocoprinus brebissonii (Godey) Locq., Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Soc. Bot. Lyon 12: 95 (1943)". www.speciesfungorum.org. Retrieved 2022-07-19.
  2. ↑ "Mycobank Database - Leucocoprinus brebissonii".
  3. ↑ Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 77. ISBN   978-0-88192-935-5.
  4. 1 2 3 Gillet, Claude-Casimir (1874). Les hyménomycètes, ou Description de tous les champignons (fungi) qui croissent en France, avec l'indication de leurs propriétés utiles ou vénéneuses / par C.-C. Gillet... (in French). p. 64 – via gallica.bnf.fr.
  5. ↑ Locquin, Marcel (1943). "Étudie du développement des spores du genre Leucocoprinus Pat, (Troisième Partie) suivie de la description d'une espèce nouvelle et d'une espèce critique". Publications de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon. 12 (6): 95. doi:10.3406/linly.1943.9747.
  6. ↑ Hongo, Tsugno (March 1953). "Larger fungi of the provinces of Omi and Yamashiro" (PDF). The Journal of Japanese Botany. 28 (3): 70–72 – via www.jjbotany.com/.
  7. ↑ Buczacki, Stefan (2012). Collins fungi guide. London: Collins. ISBN   978-0-00-724290-0. OCLC   793683235.
  8. 1 2 Phillips, Roger. "Leucocoprinus brebissonii". Rogers Mushrooms. Archived from the original on 2012-08-23. Retrieved 2011-05-03.
  9. ↑ Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Portland, OR: Timber Press. p. 77. ISBN   978-0-88192-935-5.

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