| Leucocybe | |
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| Leucocybe connata | |
| Scientific classification | |
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| Family: | Tricholomataceae sensu lato |
| Genus: | Leucocybe Vizzini, P.Alvarado, G.Moreno, & Consiglio (2015) |
| Type species | |
| Leucocybe candicans (Pers.) Vizzini, P.Alvarado, G.Moreno, & Consiglio (2015) | |
Leucocybe is a recently defined mushroom genus in the family Tricholomataceae (in the broad sense). The species resemble Clitocybe and grow in forests or disturbed areas. [1]
The name Leucocybe is derived from ancient Greek leuco- referring to the color white, and -cybe, a reference to head or cap. [1]
The only two species in the genus are the following. [2]
Leucocybe candicans is the type species.
Clitocybe is a genus of mushrooms characterized by white, off-white, buff, cream, pink, or light-yellow spores, gills running down the stem, and pale white to brown or lilac coloration. They are primarily saprotrophic, decomposing forest ground litter. There are estimated to be around 300 species in the widespread genus.
Clitocybe nuda, commonly known as the wood blewit and alternately described as Lepista nuda, is an edible mushroom native to Europe and North America. Described by Pierre Bulliard in 1790, it was also known as Tricholoma nudum for many years. It is found in both coniferous and deciduous woodlands. It is a fairly distinctive mushroom that is widely eaten, though there is some caution about edibility. Nevertheless, it has been cultivated in Britain, the Netherlands and France.
Lepista is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi, the widespread genus contains about 50 species. In 1969, Howard Bigelow and Alex H. Smith made the group a subgenus of Clitocybe.
Paralepistopsis acromelalga is a basidiomycete fungus in the Tricholomataceae family. It was formerly classified as Clitocybeacromelalga.
Melanoleuca is a poorly known genus of saprotrophic mushrooms traditionally classified in the family Tricholomataceae. Most are small to medium sized, white, brown, ocher or gray with a cylindrical to subcylindrical stipe and white to pale yellowish gills. The basidiospores are ellipsoid and ornamented with amyloid warts. Melanoleuca is considered a difficult group to study due to their macroscopic similarities among species and the need of a thorough microscopic analysis to separate species. DNA studies have determined that this genus is closely related to Amanita and Pluteus and that it does not belong to the family Tricholomataceae.
Callistosporium is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales. Basidiocarps are agarics, either with a central stipe (stalk} or pleurotoid. The latter group were formerly referred to Pleurocollybia. Recent molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that the genus is a natural, monophyletic grouping, though not all species have yet been sequenced. Species are saprotrophic, typically growing on wood, and the genus is found worldwide.
Haasiella is a fungal genus in the family Hygrophoraceae. It is a monotypic genus that contains only the species Haasiella splendidissima. Haasiella venustissima, formerly considered to be a distinct species based on its one and two-spored basidia, was found by a DNA study to be synonymous with H. splendidissima. H. splendidissima is only known from Europe and is saprotrophic on wood. Haasiella was described as a new genus in 1966 by Czech mycologists František Kotlaba and Zdeněk Pouzar. It is most closely related to the genus Hygrophorus.
Infundibulicybe is a genus of fungi that is robustly placed incertae sedis as sister group to the Tricholomatoid clade. It has previously been part of the family of Tricholomataceae, but recent molecular phylogeny has shown it to take an isolated position within the Agaricales.
Pleurocollybia is a genus of fungi in the family Callistosporiaceae. Basidiocarps are pleurotoid and grow on wood. DNA research has shown that the type species, P. praemultifolia belongs in the genus Callistosporium, making Pleurocollybia a synonym. Not all species have been investigated, however, and it is not clear that every Pleurocollybia species belongs in Callistosporium. Pleurocollybia cibaria has, for example, been transferred to the genus Gerhardtia.
Pseudoomphalina is a genus of fungi in the placed in the family Tricholomataceae for convenience. The genus contains six species that are widespread in northern temperate areas. Pseudoomphalina was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1956. Pseudoomphalina was found to be paraphyletic to Neohygrophorus in a molecular phylogenetics study and since Pseudoomphalina is an older name, Neohygrophyorus was synonymized with it. The type species of Neohygrophorus was Neohygrophorus angelesianus, now Pseudoomphalina angelesiana. In earlier classifications based on anatomy prior to DNA sequence-based classifications, its unusual combination of features led taxonomists to independently create two subgenera in two genera: Hygrophorus subg. Pseudohygrophorus and Clitocybe subg. Mutabiles; the latter based on Neohygrophorus angelesianus but described under a new species name which is now placed in synonymy, Clitocybe mutabilis. All species of Pseudoomphalina are united by the presence of clamp-connections in their hyphae, an interwoven gill trama and amyloid spores. Pseudoomphalina angelesiana possesses grey-violaceous pigments that turn red in alkali solutions and lacks filiform, hyphal sterile elements in its hymenium and stipitipellis. These were features used to distinguish it from Pseudoomphalina as a genus, but Pseudoomphalina umbrinopurpurascens possesses these same pigments and the filiform elements of Pseudoomphalina. Molecular phylogenetics studies have also found some former species of Pseudoomphalina to belong in other genera. Pseudoomphalina pachyphylla was moved to its own genus, Pseudolaccaria, and Pseudoomphalina clusiliformis was synonymized with it. Pseudoomphalina flavoaurantia and Pseudoomphalina lignicola were found to belong in Clitocybula. Phylogenetically, Pseudoomphalina is in a tricholomatoid clade but not in the Tricholomataceae.
Cleistocybe is a genus of fungi in the family Biannulariaceae. Basidiocarps are agaricoid, similar to those of Clitocybe, but with ephemeral traces of a partial veil and decurrent lamellae that are often greyish. The genus is separated on DNA characteristics as well as morphology. Species are known from North America, Europe, North Africa, and Tibet.
Trichocybe is a genus of fungi in the order Agaricales. It is incertae sedis with respect to familial placement within the order. The genus was created in 2010 to contain the species Trichocybe puberula, originally described as a Clitocybe by Thom Kuyper in 1983.
Crassisporium is a burn-inhabiting agaric fungal genus that colonizes forest fire and campfire sites on ground and charred woody debris in Europe, north Africa and western North America. The small brownish fruitbodies have broadly attached lamellae bordered by cheilocystidia and there is an absence of pleurocystidia and chrysocystidia. Spores are thick-walled, brown, smooth, and have a germ pore. The cap surface (pileipellis) is neither gelatinized nor cellular. Clamp connections are present in the hyphae. The genus is most closely related to the genus Romagnesiella and together both are nearest the Strophariaceae or Cortinariaceae. The generic name Crassisporium refers to the thick spore walls.
Rhizocybe is a mushroom genus in the family Tricholomataceae in the broad sense. The species resemble Clitocybe and grow amongst litter in forests that are predominantly coniferous.
Atractosporocybe is a mushroom genus in the family Tricholomataceae in the broad sense. The type species resembles Clitocybe and grows in forests.
Paralepista is a genus of mushrooms in family Tricholomataceae. Until 2012, its member species were generally assigned either to Lepista or to Clitocybe.
Bonomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Biannulariaceae. Basidiocarps are agaricoid, similar to those of Clitocybe, but with a distinctly hard stipe (stem). The genus is separated on DNA characteristics as well as morphology. Species are known from Europe, North Africa, and northern China.
Bonomyces sinopicus is an agaricoid species of fungus in the family Biannulariaceae with a European districution. It has been given the recommended English name of spring funnel. The species was formerly placed in the genus Clitocybe, but has been separated on DNA characteristics.
Paralepistopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Tricholomataceae.