Lieutenant General of New France

Last updated

Lieutenant General of New France was the title of a French official who governed early New France (including the colonies of Canada and Acadia) from 1598 until 1627. Before 1598, the post was briefly occupied from 1541 to 1543. It was the first vice-regal post in what would later become Canada, and it was a precursor of the modern-day office of Governor General of Canada, the representative of King Charles III, Canada's king and head of state.

Most holders of the title never set foot in New France, except for Jean-François de la Rocque de Roberval and Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons. The others served in the post from the comfort of the Kingdom of France. The title was replaced in 1627 by the post of Governor of New France.

Office HolderTermAppointed by
Jean-François de la Rocque de Roberval 1541–1543 Francis I
vacant1543–1598during reigns of Francis I, Henry II, Francis II, Charles IX, and Henry III
Troilus de Mesqouez 1598–1603 [1] [2] Henry III
Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons 1603–1610 Henry IV
Charles de Bourbon, comte de Soissons 1611–1612 Louis XIII (Marie de' Medici in regency)
Henri II, Prince of Condé 1612–1616 Louis XIII (Marie de' Medici in regency)
Pons de Lauzière, Marquis de Thémines de Cardillac 1616–1620 Louis XIII (Marie de' Medici in regency)
Henri II, Prince of Condé 1620 Louis XIII
Henri de Montmorency, 4th Duke of Montmorency 1620–1625 Louis XIII
Henri de Lévis, 3rd Duke of Ventadour 1625–1626 Louis XIII
Cardinal Richelieu 1626–1627 Louis XIII

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">French colonization of the Americas</span> Part of Frances colonial empire

France began colonizing the Americas in the 16th century and continued into the following centuries as it established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere. France established colonies in much of eastern North America, on several Caribbean islands, and in South America. Most colonies were developed to export products such as fish, rice, sugar, and furs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cardinal Richelieu</span> French statesman and clergyman (1585–1642)

Armand Jean du Plessis, 1st Duke of Richelieu, known as Cardinal Richelieu, was a French statesman and prelate of the Catholic Church. He became known as l'Éminence rouge, or "the Red Eminence", a term derived from the title "Eminence" applied to cardinals and from the red robes that they customarily wear.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New France</span> Area colonized by France in North America

New France was the territory colonized by France in North America, beginning with the exploration of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534 and ending with the cession of New France to Great Britain and Spain in 1763 under the Treaty of Paris.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Viceroy</span> Representative of a monarch

A viceroy is an official who reigns over a polity in the name of and as the representative of the monarch of the territory.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis de Buade de Frontenac</span> Soldier and Governor of New France (r. 1672-82, 1689-98)

Louis de Buade, Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau was a French soldier, courtier, and Governor General of New France in North America from 1672 to 1682, and again from 1689 to his death in 1698. He established a number of forts on the Great Lakes and engaged in a series of battles against the English and the Iroquois.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Timeline of Quebec history (1608–1662)</span>

This section of the Timeline of Quebec history concerns the events between the foundation of Quebec and establishment of the Sovereign Council.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pierre de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnial</span> Final governor-general of New France from 1755-60

Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil de Cavagnial, marquis de Vaudreuil was a Canadian-born colonial governor of French Canada in North America. He was governor of French Louisiana (1743–1753) and in 1755 became the last Governor-General of New France. In 1759 and 1760 the British conquered the colony in the Seven Years' War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roland Mousnier</span> French historian (1907-1993)

Roland Émile Mousnier was a French historian of the early modern period in France and of the comparative studies of different civilizations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orléanais</span>

The Duchy of Orléanais is a former province of France, which was created during the Renaissance by merging four former counties and towns. However after the French Revolution, the province was dissolved in 1791 and succeeded by five départments.

Marcel Trudel was a Canadian historian, university professor (1947–1982) and author who published more than 40 books on the history of New France. He brought academic rigour to an area that had been marked by nationalistic and religious biases. His work was part of the marked changes to Quebec society during the Quiet Revolution. Trudel's work has been honoured with major awards, including the Governor General's Literary Award for French Non-Fiction in 1966, and a second nomination for the award in 1987.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolas Sanson</span> French cartographer (1600–1667)

Nicolas Sanson was a French cartographer who served under two kings in matters of geography. He has been called the "father of French cartography."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of Quebec City</span>

The history of Quebec City extends back thousands of years, with its first inhabitants being the First Nations peoples of the region. The arrival of French explorers in the 16th century eventually led to the establishment of Quebec City, in present-day Quebec, Canada. The city is one of the oldest European settlements in North America, with the establishment of a permanent trading post in 1608.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Claude de Mesmes, comte d'Avaux</span> French diplomat (1595–1650)

Claude de Mesmes, comte d'Avaux (1595–1650) was a 17th-century French diplomat and public administrator. He was sent in various missions to Venice, Rome, Germany, Sweden, Denmark, and Poland by Richelieu.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beauharnais</span>

The House of Beauharnais is a French noble family. It is now headed by the Duke of Leuchtenberg, descendant in male line of Eugène de Beauharnais.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guillaume Fouquet de la Varenne</span> French chef

Guillaume Fouquet de la Varenne was a French chef who became an important statesman in the service of Henry IV.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul François de Quélen de Stuer de Caussade, 2nd Duke of La Vauguyon</span> French nobleman

Paul François de Quélen de Stuer de Caussade, 2nd Duke of La Vauguyon' and sometimes mistakenly Paul François de Quélen de Stuer de Caussade de La Vauguyon was a French nobleman. He was governor of Cognac, after having been involved in the last campaigns of the Seven Years' War. He wrote a Portrait de feu monseigneur le Dauphin and was menin to the future Louis XVI, one of the Dauphin's sons. A peer of France, brigadier, maréchal de camp, knight of the ordre du Saint-Esprit, he was chosen to be minister plenipotentiary to the Estates General of the Dutch Republic. He later became French ambassador to Spain, knight of the Golden Fleece, temporary minister of foreign affairs in 1789, then minister of the conseil d'État of Louis XVIII in Verona. He was the main intermediary among Louis's agents in France, but became the victim of intrigues. From the Restoration onwards he was lieutenant général and sat in the peerage of France, where he was noted for his moderation. He and his wife had four children, but the Quelen line died out with his children.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1555 in France</span> List of events

Events from the year 1555 in France.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abbey of St Marianus, Auxerre</span>

The Abbey of St. Marianus was a Benedictine, later Premonstratensian, monastery in Auxerre in the French department of Yonne in Burgundy. Established in the fifth century, it was the first monastery established in the diocese.

References

  1. Morris, Richard Brandon (ed.) (1970 rev.) Encyclopedia of American History Harper and Row, New York, ISBN   0-06-016481-6 p. 59;
  2. Harrisse, Henry (1872) Notes pour servir à l'histoire, à la bibliographie et àla cartographie de la Nouvelle-France et des pays adjacents, 1545-1700. Tross, Paris, p. 14;
Preceded by
none
Lieutenant General of New France
15981627
Succeeded by