Liolaemus

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Liolaemus
Kaldari Liolaemus tenuis 01.jpg
Liolaemus tenuis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Iguania
Family: Liolaemidae
Genus: Liolaemus
Wiegmann, 1834  [1]
Type species
Liolaemus nigromaculatus
Wiegmann, 1834
Subgenera

Liolaemus is a genus of iguanian lizards, containing many species, all of which are endemic to South America. [2]

Contents

Description

Members of the genus Liolaemus form a dominant part of the lizard fauna of the southern part of the continent of South America, and vary considerably in size (45–100 millimetres or 1.8–3.9 inches snout–vent length) and weight (3–200 grams or 0.1–7.1 ounces).

Geographic range

Liolaemus species are found in the Andes and adjacent lowlands, from Peru to Tierra del Fuego, [3] at altitudes that can exceed 4,500 metres (14,800 ft). [4]

Liolaemus magellanicus and Liolaemus sarmientoi are the world's southernmost reptiles, living as far south as Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego and the northern shores of the Strait of Magellan respectively. [5] [6]

Diet

Most species of Liolaemus are omnivorous, but a few purely insectivorous and herbivorous species are known.

Species

There are more than 225 described species in the genus Liolaemus, but the true number of species may be about double this number. [4] Liolaemus is by far the largest genus of the liolaemid lizards, which are traditionally treated as subfamily Liolaeminae within the Iguanidae but more recently were proposed for upranking to full family Liolaemidae.

The following species are recognised: [7] [8] [9]

Pets

Some species of Liolaemus have been recently kept as pets, and as many of them originate from regions that experience cold conditions, they are named "snow swifts". More generally, the genus is known as "tree iguanas".

Related Research Articles

<i>Phymaturus</i> Genus of lizards

Phymaturus is a genus of iguanian lizards of the family Liolaemidae, a family which was traditionally included in the Iguanidae as a subfamily, but more recently was proposed to warrant family status in the Liolaemidae. Phymaturus is the mid-sized genus of its family, with 50 species altogether known as of 2021; new species are still being discovered, however.

Liolaemus gravenhorstii, commonly known as Gravenhorst's tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to South America.

Liolaemus hellmichi, commonly known as Hellmich's tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. This species is endemic to the Chilean matorral ecoregion within the nation of Chile.

<i>Liolaemus chiliensis</i> Species of reptile

Liolaemus chiliensis is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae, also referred to as the weeping or crying lizard in English. Synonyms for this species include Liodeira chilensis and Calotes chiliensis. Less commonly, it is called the Talcahuano Smooth-throated Lizard.

<i>Liolaemus sarmientoi</i> Species of lizard

Liolaemus sarmientoi is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. It is considered a medium-sized example of the family, with an average snout–vent length of 76 to 77 mm, with males usually larger than females.

Liolaemus antonietae, also known commonly as Antonieta's lizard and el lagarto de Antonieta in Spanish, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Chile.

Liolaemus aparicioi is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Bolivia.

Liolaemus avilae is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus boulengeri, also known commonly as Boulenger's tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus brizuelai is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus buergeri, also known commonly as Buerger's tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is native to Argentina and Chile.

Liolaemus donosobarrosi, also known commonly as Donoso-Barros' tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus duellmani, also known commonly as Duellman's tree iguana, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus espinozai is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is native to Argentina.

Liolaemus fitzgeraldi, also known commonly as Fitzgerald's tree iguana and la lagartija de Aconcagua, is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is native to southwestern South America.

Liolaemus gallardoi is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus goetschi is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

<i>Liolaemus gracielae</i> Species of lizard

Liolaemus gracielae is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus hatcheri is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

Liolaemus puelche is a species of lizard in the family Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Argentina.

References

  1. ↑ Ávila, Luciano J.; Morando, Mariana; Sites, Jack W. Jr. (2008). "New species of the iguanian lizard genus Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) from Central Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology . 42 (1): 186–196. doi:10.1670/06-244r2.1. S2CID   41772239.
  2. ↑ "Liolaemus Lizards". Daniel Pincheira-Donoso – Homepage. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
  3. ↑ Schulte, J. (January 2000). "Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society . 69 (1): 75–102. Bibcode:2000BJLS...69...75S. doi:10.1006/bijl.1999.0346.
  4. 1 2 Olave, Melisa; Martinez, Lorena E.; Ávila, Luciano J.; Sites, Jack W. Jr.; Morando, Mariana (2011). "Evidence of hybridization in the Argentinean lizards Liolaemus gracilis and Liolaemus bibronii (Iguania: Liolaemini): an integrative approach based on genes and morphology" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution . 61 (2): 381–391. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.07.006. hdl:11336/82195. PMID   21798358. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-26. Retrieved 2012-10-08.
  5. ↑ Duran, Fernando; Boretto, Jorgelina M.; Fernández, Jimena B.; Molina, Mora Ibáñez; Medina, Marlin S.; Ibargüengoytía, Nora R. (2019). "Impact of immunological state on eco-physiological variables in one of the southernmost lizards in the world". Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências. 91 (4): e20190055. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201920190055 . hdl: 11336/106398 . PMID   31778459.
  6. ↑ Jaksic, Fabián M. [in Spanish] (2022). "Historical account and current ecological knowledge of the southernmost lizard in the world, Liolaemus magellanicus (Squamata: Liolaemidae)". Revista Chilena de Historia Natural . 95 (7). Bibcode:2022RvCHN..95....7J. doi: 10.1186/s40693-022-00112-y .
  7. ↑ Genus Liolaemus at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
  8. ↑ Abdala, Cristian Simón; Aguilar-Kirigin, Alvaro J.; Semhan, Romina Valeria; Bulacios Arroyo, Ana Lucia; Valdes, Julián; Paz, Marcos Maximiliano; Gutiérrez Poblete, Roberto; Valladares Faundez, Pablo; Langstroth, Robert; Aparicio, James (2019-12-02). "Description and phylogeny of a new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) endemic to the south of the Plurinational State of Bolivia". PLOS One . 14 (12): e0225815. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1425815A. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225815 . ISSN   1932-6203. PMC   6886809 . PMID   31790476.
  9. ↑ Abdala, Cristian S.; Paz, Marcos M.; Semhan, Romina V.; García, Noelia; Aguilar-Kirigin, Alvaro J.; Farías, María E.; Valladares, Pablo; Gutiérrez Poblete, Roberto; Quipildor, Matías A.; Valdes, Julián; Langstroth, Robert (2021-02-17). "Increasing knowledge of the denizens of saline environments through integrative taxonomy: new Argentinian endemic taxa of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) and their evolutionary relationships". Systematics and Biodiversity . 19 (2): 135–167. Bibcode:2021SyBio..19..135A. doi:10.1080/14772000.2020.1844818. ISSN   1477-2000. S2CID   231643832.
  10. ↑ Ávila LJ, Morando M, Pérez CH, Sites JW Jr (2010). "A new species of the Liolaemus elongatus clade (Reptilia: Iguania: Liolaemini) from Cordillera del Viento, northwestern Patagonia, Neuquén, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa . 2667: 28–42. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2667.1.2.
  11. ↑ Breitman MF, Parra M, Pérez CH, Sites JW (2011). "Two new species of lizards from the Liolaemus lineomaculatus section (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from southern Patagonia" (PDF). Zootaxa . 3120: 1–28. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3120.1.1.
  12. 1 2 3 Quinteros AS, Ruiz-Monachesi MR, Abdala CS (2020). "Solving the Liolaemus bibronii puzzle, an integrative taxonomy approach: redescription of L. bibronii and description of three new species (Iguania: Liolaemidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 189 (1): 315–348. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz113.
  13. ↑ Martinez LE, Ávila LJ [in German], Perez CH, Perez DR, Sites JW, Morando M (2011). "A new species of Liolaemus (Squamata, Iguania, Liolaemini) endemic to the Auca Mahuida volcano, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina" (PDF). Zootaxa . 3010: 31–46. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3010.1.3.
  14. ↑ Ávila, Luciano Javier [in German]; Vrdoljak, Juan Esteban; Medina, Cintia Débora; Massini, Juan García; Pérez, Cristian Hernán Fulvio; Sites, Jack W. Jr; Morando, Mariana (2021-01-07). "A new species of Liolaemus (Reptilia: Squamata) of the Liolaemus capillitas clade (Squamata, Liolaemini, Liolaemus elongatus - kriegi group) from Sierra de Velasco, La Rioja Province, Argentina". Zootaxa . 4903 (2): 194–216. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4903.2.2. ISSN   1175-5334. PMID   33757095. S2CID   232338760.
  15. ↑ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN   978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Mapuche", p. 167).
  16. ↑ Abdala, Cristián S.; Baldo, Diego; Juárez, Ricardo A.; Espinoza, Robert E. (2016). "The First Parthenogenetic Pleurodont Iguanian: A New All-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from Western Argentina". Copeia . 104 (2): 487–497. doi:10.1643/CH-15-381. S2CID   89253721.

Further reading

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