List of African-American newspapers in Texas

Last updated
Front page of The Free Man's Press from August 1, 1868. The Free Man's Press 1868-08-01.jpg
Front page of The Free Man's Press from August 1, 1868.
Front page of The Dallas Express from January 11, 1919, celebrating the award of military honors to soldiers of the 92nd Infantry Division. The Dallas Express 1919-01-11.jpg
Front page of The Dallas Express from January 11, 1919, celebrating the award of military honors to soldiers of the 92nd Infantry Division.

This is a list of African-American newspapers that have been published in Texas. It includes both current and historical newspapers. The history of such newspapers in Texas begins shortly after the Civil War, with the publication of The Free Man's Press in 1868. [1]

Contents

Many African American newspapers are published in Texas today, including three in Houston alone. [2] These current newspapers are highlighted in green in the list below.

Newspapers

CityTitleBeginningEndFrequencyCall numbersRemarks
Austin Capital City Argus [3] /
Capital City Argus and Interracial Review [4] 		1962 [4] 1980s [3] Weekly [4]
  • LCCN   sn86088242, sn87090674, sn87091252
  • OCLC   17188802, 13895357, 16543454
  • Published by Arthur Sims. [4]
Austin [5] / Galveston [6] The Free Man's Press [6] /
The Freedman's Press [5] 		1868 [6] 1868 [6] Weekly [6]
  • Free online archive
  • Edited by Melving C. Keith. [7]
  • Published from July to October 1868. Final issue published in Galveston. [8]
Austin The Gold Dollar1876 [9] ? [10] Unknown [10]
  • Published by Jacob Fontaine. [10]
Austin The Herald [11] /
The Sunday School Herald [12] 		1891 [11] 1892 [12] Weekly [11]
  • Published by the Education Board of the General Baptist Convention of Texas. [11]
  • Editors included L.L. Campbell and M.M. Haynes. [11]
  • Attested through at least 1917. [11]
Austin The Illustrated News1923 [13] ? [13] Weekly [13]
  • Edited by W.I. Solomon. [13]
Austin Austin Informer1905 [14] 1900s [14] [14]
Austin Austin Mirror [15] /
The Austin Mirror [16] 		1958 [15] 1900s [16] Weekly [15]
  • Published by Walter McBride. Edited by Dora H. Moore. [15]
Austin Nokoa : The Observer 1987 [17] 2019 [18] Weekly [17]
Austin Austin Searchlight1896? [19] ? [19] Weekly [19]
Austin Austin Sun1992 [20] [20] Weekly [20]
  • Published by Dorris Ellis. [20]
Austin [21] / Waco [22] Texas Interracial Review [21] /
The Texas Interracial Review [22] 		1941 [21] or 1940 [22] 1962 [21] Monthly [21] or twice monthly [22]
  • Published by Mason Smith. [21]
  • Merged with Capital City Argus to form the Capital City Argus and Interracial Review. [22]
Austin The Tribune [23] /
Tribune [24] 		1970 [24] ? [24] Weekly [24]
  • Attested through at least 1979. [24]
Austin The Villager 1973 [25] currentWeekly [25]
Austin The Weekly Bulletin? [26] 1900s [26] Weekly [27]
  • Attested from at least 1906. [26]
  • Published by Bulletin Pub. Co. [26]
Beaumont Beaumont Informer1934 [28] ? [28] Weekly [28]
Beaumont The Industrial Era1904? [29] ? [29] Weekly [29]
Bryan Silhouette1900s [30] ? [30] Bimonthly newspaper [30]
Corpus Christi Corpus Christi Weekly1960? [27] ? [27] Weekly [27]
  • Edited by Reynell Parkins. [27]
Corsicana Oil City Afro-American1898 [31] 1901 [31] Weekly [31]
Dallas The African Herald1992 [32] ?Monthly newspaper [32]
Dallas Dallas Community Leader1987 [33] ? [33] Biweekly [33]
  • Published by Valerie Ballard. [33]
  • Attested through at least 1990. [33]
Dallas Elite News1968? [34] [34] Biweekly [34]
  • Published by William Blair Jr. [34]
Dallas The Dallas Express 1893 [35] 1970 [35] Weekly [35]
Dallas Dallas Gazette1913? [36] ? [36] Weekly [36]
  • Published by J.H. Owens and Company. [36]
  • Attested through at least 1938. [37]
Dallas In Sepia1959? [38] ? [38] Weekly [38]
  • Published by Davis and Associates. [38]
Dallas Dallas Independent Press1969 [39] ? [39] Weekly [39]
  • Published by R.R. Fagan. Edited by Don L. Fagan. [39]
Dallas The Item1891 [40] 1900 [40] Weekly [40]
  • Published by J.G. Griffin and Ellis Willis. [40]
Dallas The Key News1962 [41] ? [41] Weekly [41]
  • Published and edited by Al Smith. [41]
Dallas The Link1985 [42] ? [42] Weekly [42] or monthly [43]
Dallas The Metroplex News1977 [44] ? [44] Weekly [44]
  • Published by R.G. Stinson and Son. [44]
Dallas North Dallas Community News1987? [45] ? [45] Weekly [45]
  • Published by Rick Grant. [45]
Dallas Dallas Post Tribune [46] /
The Dallas Post Tribune [47] /
The Dallas Star Post [48] /
The Post Tribune [49] 		1950 [46] currentWeekly [46]
Dallas The Pythias and Calanthean Review1979? [50] ? [50] Quarterly newspaper [50]
Dallas St. Paul United Methodist1971? [51] ? [51] Weekly [51]
  • Edited by Spurgeon M. Dunnan III. [51]
Dallas Texas Community Leader1991? [52] [52] Weekly [52]
  • Published by Valerie Ballard. [52]
Dallas The Times Review1968? [53] ? [53] Unknown [53]
Dallas The Dallas Weekly 1954 [54] currentWeekly [54]
Denison The Gate City Bulletin1913? [55] ? [55] Weekly [55]
  • Published by Owens Publishing Co. [55]
Fort Worth The Texas Times1977 [56] 1993 [56] Daily [56]
  • Published by Woodie Webber. [56]
Fort Worth Bronze Texan News1900s [57] 1900s [57]
  • Attested from at least 1968–1969. [57]
Fort Worth Fort Worth Como Monitor1941? [58] ? [58] Monthly newspaper [58]
  • Published by Raymond Hart. [58]
Fort Worth Dallas District Crusader1900s [59] 1900s [59] Weekly [59]
Fort Worth Ebony Mart1970s [60] ? [60] Weekly [60]
Fort Worth Fort Worth Mind1900s [61] 1900s [61] Weekly [61]
  • Attested from at least 1943–1944. [61]
Fort Worth The Torchlight Appeal1886 [62] 1800s [62] Weekly [62]
Fort Worth USA Monitor1990 [63] or 1992 [64] ? [64] Monthly newspaper [63]
  • Published by Earl L. Burrell. [63]
Galveston The Galveston Banner1925? [65] 1937? [65] Weekly [65]
Galveston City Times1898? [66] 1927? [66] Weekly [66]
  • Edited by William H. Noble, Jr. [66]
Galveston The Colored American [67] /
The Colored American: A Defender of the Race [68] 		1920 [68] ? [68] Weekly [68]
Galveston Galveston Examiner1938 [69] 1940 [70] Weekly [69]
Galveston Freeman’s Journal [71] /
The Freeman’s Press [72] 		1887 [71] 1891 [71] Weekly [71]
Galveston Galveston Guide1937 [73] ? [73] Weekly [73]
Galveston The Informer (Galveston Edition)1918 [74] 1937? [74] Biweekly [74]
Galveston Galveston Informer1939 [75] ? [75] Unknown [75]
Galveston The Galveston New Idea1896 [76] 1920 [77] Weekly [77]
Galveston Taborian Banner1905 [78] ? [78] Monthly [78]
  • Published by W. Hartley Jackson. [78]
Galveston The Galveston Voice1931 [79] 1962? [79] Weekly [79]
  • Published by C. W. Rice. [79]
Gonzales The Conservative Counselor1909 [80] 1900s [80] Weekly [81]
  • "Official organ of the Mt. Zion Sunday School Convention." [80]
Houston African-American News and Issues 1996 [2] currentWeekly [82]
  • Weekly circulation of 113,000. [82]
Houston The Houston Call1970 [83] ? [83] Weekly [83]
Houston The Call1919? [84] ? [84] Weekly [84]
  • Published by C.A. Franklin. [84]
Houston Houston Defender 1930 [85] currentWeekly [85]
Houston The Texas Examiner1942 [86] 1900s [86] Weekly [86]
  • Attested through at least 1946. [86]
Houston Forward Times [87] /
Houston Forward Times [88] 		1960 [88] currentWeekly [88]
Houston Freedmen's Journal1983 [89] ?Monthly newspaper [89]
Houston The Independent1898 [90] 1905 [90] Weekly [90]
  • Published by Crawford and Osborne. [90]
Houston Informer and Texas Freeman [91] /
The Houston Informer [92] /
The Informer [93] 		1919 [91] ?Weekly [91]
  • Published and edited by George McElroy. [91]
Houston Metropolitan1961 [94] 1900s [94]
Houston The Negro Labor News1930 [95] ? [95] Weekly [95]
  • Official organ of the Texas Negro Business and Laboring Men's Association. [95]
Houston Houston Newspages1986 [96] ?Weekly [96]
  • Published by Francis Page Sr. Edited by Diana Fallis. [96]
Houston The Odd Fellow Budget1920? [97] ? [97] Monthly newspaper [97]
Houston Old Ironsides' Monthly1947 [98] ? [99] Monthly newspaper [99]
Houston Texas State University Herald1947 [100] ? [100] Monthly newspaper [100]
Houston The Houston Sun1982 [101] current [102] Weekly [101]
Houston USAfrica Weekend1997 [103] ?Monthly newspaper [103]
  • Published by Chido Nwangwu. [103]
  • Billed as “The social diary of the African, Caribbean, African-American & American communities.” [103]
Houston The Voice Of Hope [104] /
Voice of Hope [105] 		1968? [105] 1975? [105] Weekly [105]
Houston The Western Star1881 [106] or 1893 [107] 1932 [107] Weekly [106]
Longview The New Southern Times1996 [108] ?Biweekly [108]
  • Published and edited by Mitch Mitchell. [108]
Lubbock Lubbock Digest1977 [109] 1982 [109] Biweekly [109]
Lubbock The Manhattan Heights And West Texas Times / The Manhattan Heights Times1961 [110] 1960s [111] Weekly [111]
  • Became The Manhattan Heights and West Texas Times in 1965. [110]
Lubbock [112] West Texas Times1962? [113] ? [113] Weekly [113]
Lubbock Southwest Digest1982 [114] current [114] Weekly [114]
Prairie View Prairie View City News1969? [115] ? [115] Biweekly [115]
  • Published and edited by F.G. Fry. [115]
Prairie View The Tribune Review1996? [116] ?Biweekly [116]
Prairie View Waller County Tribune1989 [117] ? [117] Biweekly [117]
  • Published and edited by Dewayne Charlston. [117]
Richardson African News Watch1996 [118] [118] Monthly [118]
  • Edited by Donald Ugwu. [118]
San Antonio Hephzibah-Herald1920? [119] ? [119] Weekly [119]
San Antonio San Antonio Informer1988 [120] or 1944 [121] ?Weekly [120]
  • Published and edited by Tommy L. Moore. [120]
San Antonio San Antonio Inquirer [122] 1906 [122] ? [122] Weekly [122]
  • Published by G.W. Bouldin. [122]
San Antonio The People’s Eye Opener1926? [123] ? [123] Weekly [123]
San Antonio Snap1990? [124] ? [124] Unknown [124]
  • Published by Eugene E. Coleman. Edited by Margie Randle Bailey. [124]
Taylor Shining Star1959 [125] ? [125] Weekly [125]
  • Published by Cabins Publishing Company. Edited by Mrs Joe Callins. [125]
Temple The Apostolic Bulletin1918 [126] ? [126] [126]
Texarkana Texarcana Courier1977? [127] ? [127] Weekly [127]
  • Published by Elridge Robertson. Edited by Ivy Jeanne Steele. [127]
Tyler The Tyler Leader1900s [128] ? [128] Weekly [128]
Waco Cen-Tex Reflections1984 [129] ? [129] Weekly [129]
Waco Waco Good News1880 [130] ? [130] Weekly [130]
Waco The Helping Hand? [131] ? [131] Monthly newspaper [131]
Waco The Waco Messenger1932 [132] ? [132] Weekly [132]
Waco Paul Quinn Weekly1900 [133] 1916 [133] Weekly [133]
  • Published by Paul Quinn College. [133]
Washington Prince Hall Masonic Digest1973? [134] ? [134] Quarterly [134]

See also

Works cited

References

  1. ↑ Smith 2012, p. 409.
  2. 1 2 James L. Conyers (2019-02-28). "Can we continue beyond Black History Month?". Houston Chronicle. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  3. 1 2 "About The capital city argus. (Austin, Tex.) 1971-198?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 134, ¶ 1387.
  5. 1 2 "About The freedman's press. [volume] (Austin, Tex.) 1868-1868". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 237, ¶ 2481.
  7. ↑ Smallwood 1983, p. 357.
  8. ↑ Smallwood 1983, p. 358.
  9. ↑ "About The gold dollar. [microfilm reel] (Austin, Tex.) 1876-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  10. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 250, ¶ 2626.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 274, ¶ 2875.
  12. 1 2 "About The Sunday school herald. (Austin, Tex.) 18??-1892". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  13. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 291, ¶ 3058.
  14. 1 2 3 "About Austin informer. (Austin, Tex.) 1905-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  15. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 56, ¶ 568.
  16. 1 2 "About The Austin mirror. (Austin, Tex.) 1958-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  17. 1 2 "About Nokoa : the observer. (Austin, Tex.) 1987-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  18. 1 2 Nancy Flores. "Newspaper publisher, Austin activist Akwasi Evans dies". Austin American-Statesman. Retrieved 2020-02-03. Akwasi Roselle Evans, who founded the Nokoa The Observer newspaper and covered issues like police misconduct and community empowerment for more than 30 years, died in his Austin home at the age of 70.
  19. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 56, ¶ 569.
  20. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 56, ¶ 570.
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 558, ¶ 5823.
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 "About The Texas interracial review. (Waco, Tex.) 1940-1969". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  23. ↑ "About The tribune. (Austin, Tex.) 1970-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 567, ¶ 5921.
  25. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 590, ¶ 6173.
  26. 1 2 3 4 "About The Weekly bulletin. (Austin, Tex.) 1???-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  27. 1 2 3 4 5 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 177, ¶ 1840.
  28. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 65, ¶ 665.
  29. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 295, ¶ 3106.
  30. 1 2 3 "About Silhouette. (Bryan, Tex.) 19??-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  31. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 440, ¶ 4586.
  32. 1 2 "About The African herald. (Dallas, Tex.) 1992-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  33. 1 2 3 4 5 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 184, ¶ 1917.
  34. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 209, ¶ 2185.
  35. 1 2 3 "About The Dallas express. [online resource] (Dallas, Tex.) 1893-1970". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  36. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 185, ¶ 1920.
  37. ↑ "About The Dallas gazette. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 19??-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  38. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 293, ¶ 3081.
  39. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 185, ¶ 1921.
  40. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 307, ¶ 3233.
  41. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 327, ¶ 3416.
  42. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 343, ¶ 3593.
  43. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 361, ¶ 3776.
  44. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 429, ¶ 4465.
  45. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 185, ¶ 1922.
  46. ↑ "About The Dallas post tribune. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 1975-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  47. ↑ "About The Dallas star post. [volume] (Dallas [Tex.]) 1950-196?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  48. ↑ "About The post tribune. [volume] (Dallas, Tex.) 196?-1975". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  49. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 479, ¶ 4992.
  50. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 539, ¶ 5620.
  51. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 557, ¶ 5820.
  52. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 561, ¶ 5863.
  53. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 185, ¶ 1925.
  54. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 246, ¶ 2586.
  55. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 558, ¶ 5828.
  56. 1 2 3 "About Bronze Texan news. (Fort Worth, Tex.) 19??-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  57. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 234, ¶ 2448.
  58. 1 2 3 "About Dallas district crusader. [online resource] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 19??-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  59. 1 2 3 "About Ebony mart. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 197?-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  60. 1 2 3 4 "About Fort Worth Mind. [online resource] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 19??-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  61. 1 2 3 "About The Torchlight appeal. [volume] (Fort Worth, Tex.) 1886-18??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  62. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 587, ¶ 6136.
  63. 1 2 "About USA monitor. [volume] (Fort Worth, Texas) 1992-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  64. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 245, ¶ 2573.
  65. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 155, ¶ 1610.
  66. ↑ "About The Colored American. [volume] (Galveston Tex.) 1920-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  67. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 161, ¶ 1676.
  68. 1 2 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 245, ¶ 2574.
  69. ↑ "About Galveston examiner. [volume] (Galveston, Tex.) 1938-1940". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  70. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 241, ¶ 2523.
  71. ↑ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 241, ¶ 2525.
  72. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 245, ¶ 2575.
  73. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 297, ¶ 3132.
  74. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 245, ¶ 2576.
  75. ↑ "About The Galveston new idea. [volume] (Galveston, Tex.) 1896-1???". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  76. 1 2 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 245, ¶ 2577.
  77. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 551, ¶ 5753.
  78. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 246, ¶ 2579.
  79. 1 2 3 "About The conservative counselor. (Gonzales, Tex.) 1909-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  80. ↑ Danky & Hady 1998, p. 173, ¶ 1797.
  81. 1 2 AFRAMNEWS (2020). "AFRAM-20-Media-Kit.pdf" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  82. 1 2 3 "About The Houston call. (Houston, Tex.) 1970-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  83. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 129, ¶ 1345.
  84. 1 2 "About Houston defender. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1930-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  85. 1 2 3 4 "About The Texas examiner. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1942-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  86. ↑ "About Forward times. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1960-1977". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  87. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 281, ¶ 2952.
  88. 1 2 "About Freedmen's journal. ([Houston, Tex.]) 1983-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  89. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 294, ¶ 3096.
  90. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 297, ¶ 3131.
  91. ↑ "About The Houston informer. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 194?-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  92. ↑ "About The informer. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1934-1941". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  93. 1 2 "About Metropolitan. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1961-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  94. 1 2 3 4 "About The Negro labor news. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1930-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  95. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 281, ¶ 2953.
  96. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 438, ¶ 4565.
  97. ↑ "About Old ironsides' monthly. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 1947-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  98. 1 2 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 441, ¶ 4596.
  99. 1 2 3 "About Texas State University herald. (Houston, Tex.) 1947-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  100. 1 2 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 281, ¶ 2954.
  101. ↑ "About The Houston sun. (Houston, Tex.) 198?-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  102. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 587, ¶ 6138.
  103. ↑ "About The Voice of hope. [volume] (Houston, Tex.) 196?-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  104. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 596, ¶ 6234.
  105. 1 2 "About The Western star. (Houston, Tex.) 1881-19??". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  106. 1 2 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 612, ¶ 6399.
  107. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 413, ¶ 4296.
  108. 1 2 3 "About Lubbock digest. [volume] (Lubbock, Tex.) 1977-1982". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  109. 1 2 "About The Manhattan Heights times. [volume] (Lubbock, Tex.) 1961-1965". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  110. 1 2 "About The Manhattan Heights and West Texas times. [volume] (Lubbock, Tex.) 1965-196?". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  111. ↑ "About West Texas times. [volume] (Lubbock, Tex.) 196?-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  112. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 609, ¶ 6369.
  113. 1 2 3 "About Southwest digest. [volume] (Lubbock, Tex.) 1982-current". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  114. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 470, ¶ 4892.
  115. 1 2 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 567, ¶ 5928.
  116. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 601, ¶ 6281.
  117. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 16, ¶ 161.
  118. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 273, ¶ 2869.
  119. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5217.
  120. ↑ "About San Antonio informer. (San Antonio, Tex.) 1944-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  121. 1 2 3 4 5 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 500, ¶ 5219.
  122. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 459, ¶ 4784.
  123. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 519, ¶ 5423.
  124. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 514, ¶ 5372.
  125. 1 2 3 "About The apostolic bulletin. (Temple, Bell County, Tex.) 1918-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  126. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 557, ¶ 5816.
  127. 1 2 3 "About The Tyler leader. (Tyler, Tex.) 19??-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  128. 1 2 3 "About Cen-Tex reflections. (Waco, Tex.) 1984-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  129. 1 2 3 "About Waco good news. (Waco, Tex.) 1880-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  130. 1 2 3 "About The helping hand. (Waco, Tex.) 1???-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  131. 1 2 3 "About The Waco messenger. (Waco, Tex.) 1932-????". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  132. 1 2 3 4 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 455, ¶ 4749.
  133. 1 2 3 Danky & Hady 1998, p. 472, ¶ 4924.


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