List of Solanum species

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Detail of the flowers of Solanum dulcamara, one of the 1240 accepted taxa that make up the genus Solanum (Solanaceae), along with economically important species such as the potato (S. tuberosum), the tomato (S. lycopersicum) and the aubergine (S. melongena). Solanum dulcamara-01 (xndr).jpg
Detail of the flowers of Solanum dulcamara , one of the 1240 accepted taxa that make up the genus Solanum (Solanaceae), along with economically important species such as the potato (S. tuberosum), the tomato (S. lycopersicum) and the aubergine (S. melongena).

This is a list of species in the plant genus Solanum . There may be as many as 1,500 species worldwide. [1] With some 1240 accepted specific and infra-specific taxa of the more than 4,000 described, the genus Solanum contains more species than any other genus in the family Solanaceae and it is one of the largest among the angiosperms.

Contents

Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data has established or confirmed that the genera Lycopersicon, Cyphomandra, Normania, and Triguera , which were previously classified independently, should in reality be included within the Solanum . In fact, all the species from these four genera have been formally transferred to Solanum. On the other hand, the genus Lycianthes , which is sometimes included within the Solanum, has been shown to be a separate genus. [2] [3] [4] [5]

The following alphabetical list of Solanum species provides the binomial name followed by the name of the species authority, abbreviated according to the appropriate conventions and uses.

The tuberous species within the genus (those related to Solanum tuberosum , the potato, and therefore often called wild potatoes) have been indicated with the letter T. The nothospecies belonging to the genus appear at the end of the list, that is those taxa that have originated from a hybrid between two different species (for example, Solanum × viirsooi , which has been shown to be an interspecific hybrid resulting from the cross between S. acaule and S. infundibuliforme.) [6]

A

Flower of Solanum aethiopicum Solanum aethiopicum2.jpg
Flower of Solanum aethiopicum
Fruit of Solanum americanum Starr 010520-0074 Solanum americanum.jpg
Fruit of Solanum americanum
Flowers of Solanum arundo Solanum arundo flowers.jpg
Flowers of Solanum arundo
Spiny stem and inflorescence of Solanum atropurpureum Solanum atropurpureum inflorescence.jpg
Spiny stem and inflorescence of Solanum atropurpureum
Growth habit of Solanum atropurpureum Solanum atropurpureum habit.jpg
Growth habit of Solanum atropurpureum
Flower of Solanum aviculare Solanum aviculare flower.jpg
Flower of Solanum aviculare
Solanum aviculare Poroporo.jpg
Solanum aviculare

B

Flower, fruit and leaf of Solanum baretiae Solanum baretiae composite figure.jpeg
Flower, fruit and leaf of Solanum baretiae
Growth habit of Solanum betaceum Cyphomandra betacea2.jpg
Growth habit of Solanum betaceum
Fruit of Solanum betaceum in longitudinal and axial cross section. Tamarillos im Anschnitt(janek2005).jpg
Fruit of Solanum betaceum in longitudinal and axial cross section.
Inflorescence of Solanum bonariensis Buenos-Aires-Nachtschatten.jpg
Inflorescence of Solanum bonariensis

C

Flower of Solanum candolleanum Solanum ambosinum1.jpg
Flower of Solanum candolleanum
Fruit and spiny stem of Solanum carolinense Solanum carolinense 1120248.jpg
Fruit and spiny stem of Solanum carolinense
Solanum chenopodioides growing between rocks Solanum chenopodioides (Habitus).jpg
Solanum chenopodioides growing between rocks
Detail of the flower of Solanum citrullifolium Solanum citrullifolium flower.jpg
Detail of the flower of Solanum citrullifolium
Detail of the seeds of Solanum citrullifolium Solanum citrullifolium seeds.jpg
Detail of the seeds of Solanum citrullifolium
Solanum crispum SolanumCrispum.jpg
Solanum crispum

D

Illustration of Solanum dulcamara Illustration Solanum dulcamara0 clean.png
Illustration of Solanum dulcamara
Flower of Solanum dulcamara Solanum dulcamara (2005 07 07).jpg
Flower of Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara, inflorescence and leaves Solanum dulcamara.jpeg
Solanum dulcamara , inflorescence and leaves
Detail of the fruit of Solanum dulcamara Solanum dulcamara fruit.jpg
Detail of the fruit of Solanum dulcamara
Detail of the flowers of Solanum douglasii Solanum douglasii1joedecruyenaere.jpg
Detail of the flowers of Solanum douglasii
Solanum dulcamara XN Solanum dulcamara 00.jpg
Solanum dulcamara

E

F

Solanum furcatum Solanum furcatum I.JPG
Solanum furcatum

G

H

Growth habit of Solanum heterodoxum Solanum heterodoxum A.JPG
Growth habit of Solanum heterodoxum
Fruit of Solanum heterodoxum. The fruit's persistent spiny sepals can also be seen. Solanum heterodoxum C.JPG
Fruit of Solanum heterodoxum . The fruit's persistent spiny sepals can also be seen.

I

J

K

L

Flower of Solanum laciniatum 2007 solanum laciniatum.jpg
Flower of Solanum laciniatum
Flower and leaves of Solanum linnaeanum Solanum linnaeanum1LEST.jpg
Flower and leaves of Solanum linnaeanum
Fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) Tomate gelber Blutenkelch2.jpg
Fruit of Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)
Solanum lycocarpum - wolf apple Tomato scanned.jpg
Solanum lycocarpum - wolf apple

M

Fruit of Solanum macrocarpon Solanum macrocarpon1.jpg
Fruit of Solanum macrocarpon
Fruit of Solanum mammosum Solanum mammosum.jpg
Fruit of Solanum mammosum
Flowers of Solanum mauritianum Solanum mauritianum (Flower).jpg
Flowers of Solanum mauritianum
Solanum mauritianum Woollynightshade.jpg
Solanum mauritianum
Fruit of Solanum melongena (aubergine) Aubergines.jpg
Fruit of Solanum melongena (aubergine)
Habit of Solanum morelliforme Solanum morelliforme1.jpg
Habit of Solanum morelliforme
Fruit Solanum muricatum in cross section. Pepino 3.jpg
Fruit Solanum muricatum in cross section.
Solanum muricatum Solanum muricatum Flower and Fruit.jpg
Solanum muricatum
Spiny leaf of Solanum myriacanthum Solanum myriacanthum leaf.jpg
Spiny leaf of Solanum myriacanthum

N

Flower of Solanum nelsonii Starr 050519-1796 Solanum nelsonii.jpg
Flower of Solanum nelsonii
Leaves and flower of Solanum nigrum Solanum nigrum flower.jpg
Leaves and flower of Solanum nigrum

O

P

Solanum pimpinellifolium Currant tomato.jpg
Solanum pimpinellifolium
Solanum pseudocapsicum Solanum pseudocapsicum.jpg
Solanum pseudocapsicum

Q

R

Solanum robustum Starr 020913-0042 Solanum robustum.jpg
Solanum robustum

S

Solanum seaforthianum Starr 020323-0062 Solanum seaforthianum.jpg
Solanum seaforthianum

T

Inflorescence of Solanum torvum Solanum torvum 3.jpg
Inflorescence of Solanum torvum
Fruit of Solanum triflorum Solanum triflorum 01-10-2005 11.11.40.JPG
Fruit of Solanum triflorum
Compound leaf of Solanum tuberosum ("potato"). Aardappel blad Solanum tuberosum.jpg
Compound leaf of Solanum tuberosum ("potato").
Inflorescence of Solanum tuberosum Kartoffelblute IMG 5363.JPG
Inflorescence of Solanum tuberosum
Tubers of Solanum tuberosum Potatoes.jpg
Tubers of Solanum tuberosum
Cultivar of Solanum tuberosum Potato plants.jpg
Cultivar of Solanum tuberosum
Fruit of Solanum tuberosum Potato fruits.jpg
Fruit of Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum - potato Potato and cross section.jpg
Solanum tuberosum - potato

U

V

Solanum viarum Solanum viarum 1791082.jpg
Solanum viarum

W

X

Y

Z

Hybrid taxa (nothospecies)

References

  1. "Genus Solanum". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2008-10-15.
  2. Olmstead, R. G., J. A. Sweere, R. E. Spangler, L. Bohs, & J. D. Palmer (1999) Phylogeny and provisional classification of the Solanaceae based on chloroplast DNA. M. Nee, D. E. Symon, R. N. Lester, & J. P. Jessop (eds.), Solanaceae IV: advances in biology and utilization. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, U.K. Pages 111-137
  3. Olmstead, R. G.; Palmer, J. D. (1992). "A chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Solanaceae: subfamilial relationships and character evolution". Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 79 (2): 346–360. doi:10.2307/2399773. JSTOR   2399773.
  4. Olmstead, R. G.; Sweere, J. A. (1994). "Combining data in phylogenetic systematics: an empirical approach using three molecular data sets in the Solanaceae". Systematic Biology. 43 (4): 467–481. doi:10.1093/sysbio/43.4.467.
  5. Bohs, L. (2005) Major clades in Solanum based in ndhF sequences. Pp. 27-49 in R. C. Keating, V. C. Hollowell, & T. B. Croat (eds.), A festschrift for William G. D'Arcy: the legacy of a taxonomist. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 104. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis.
  6. Okada, K.; Clausen, A. M.; Natural (1985). "Solanum acaule Bitter and S. infundibuliforme Philippi in the province of Jujuy, Argentina". Euphytica. 34: 227. doi:10.1007/bf00022884. S2CID   22463083.
  7. "USDA Plants Database" (PDF). plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
  8. Whalen, Michael D. (1978). "Reproductive Character Displacement and Floral Diversity in Solanum Section Androceras". Systematic Botany. 3 (1): 77–86. doi:10.2307/2418533. JSTOR   2418533.
  9. Grant, Verne (1994). "Modes and Origins of Mechanical and Ethological Isolation in Angiosperms". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 91 (1): 3–10. Bibcode:1994PNAS...91....3G. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.1.3 . JSTOR   2363728. PMC   42875 . PMID   11607448.
  10. Melissa Chan (25 February 2016). "Newly Discovered Flower Named After Matt Damon's The Martian Character". Time Magazine.
  11. Dr. Chris Martine (28 September 2015). "Why I'm Naming a New Plant Species After The Martian". Huffington Post.

Bibliography