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This is a list of newspapers in Puerto Rico. Unless otherwise indicated, all papers are published in the Spanish language.
Title | Locale | Year est. | Publisher/parent company | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Caribbean Business | San Juan | Latin Media House LLC [1] | Weekly (island-wide). English language. | |
The San Juan Daily Star | San Juan | [2] | Weekly (island-wide). English language. | |
Claridad | San Juan | 1959 | Weekly (island-wide). Digitized copies available at Newspaper Digital Library: Digital Library of the Caribbean (Claridad). [3] | |
De Todo | Carolina [4] | 1979 | Regional | |
Es Noticia [5] | Ponce [6] | 2015 [7] | SCC Comunicaciones LLC [8] | Regional; Online with a printed biweekly version [9] |
La Esquina [10] | Maunabo | Regional | ||
El Laurel Sureño [lower-alpha 1] | Ponce | 2010 [11] | El Laurel Sureño, Inc. | Regional |
News Is My Business | 2010 (Nov) [12] | News Is My Business | Online. English language. | |
NotiCel | San Juan | 2011 [13] | O2 Comunicaciones Inc | Online |
Noticias Sur P.R. [14] | Ponce | 2010 (September) | Noticias Sur PR LLC | Online |
El Nuevo Día | Guaynabo | 1970 [15] | GFR Media | Daily (island-wide); Print copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [16] |
La Opinión del Sur | Ponce | 2001 | Periódico El Oriental, Inc. [17] | Regional |
La Perla del Sur | Ponce | 1982 (3–7 Nov) [18] | La Perla del Sur, Inc. | Regional. Omar Alfonso, editor. [19] Print copies are available at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico Library (Unknown holdings) [18] and Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [20] |
Presencia [21] | Carolina | Regional | ||
Primera Hora | Guaynabo | 1997 | Daily (island-wide); Print copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [22] | |
Tribunal del Pueblo | Gurabo | 2018 | Online | |
El Vocero | San Juan [15] | 1974 | Daily (island-wide); Print copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [23] | |
Voces del Sur | Ponce | 2010 [24] | Nexo Comunicaciones Inc. [25] | Regional |
El Sol de Puerto Rico | Ponce | 2012 [26] | Periódico El Sol de Puerto Rico [27] | Regional |
Title | Locale | Year est. | Year ceased | Availability | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gaceta de Puerto Rico | San Juan | 1806 | 1902 [28] | Digitized issues available at Newspaper Digital Library: Digital Library of the Caribbean (Gazeta ('sic') de Puerto Rico). [29] and on the Library of Congress website. [30] Digitized issues also available at Colección Puertorriqueña. [31] | Official organ of the Government of Puerto Rico. [32] |
Diario Económico de Puerto Rico | San Juan | 1814 [28] | Founded by Alejandro Ramírez. [33] Issued by the Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País en Puerto Rico | ||
El Ponceño: periódico literario mercantil y de avisos [34] | Ponce [35] | 1852 (Jul 10) [36] | 1854 (Jul 22) [36] [lower-alpha 2] | Microfilm and photocopies are available at the University of Puerto Rico at Ponce Adelina Coppin Alvarado Library (numbers 1–51 of 1852–1853 and numbers 50–108 of 1853–1854). [37] Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.3 (Jul 1852) to v.3, no.108 (Jul 1854)). [34] | Ponce's first newspaper. [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] [43] A weekly publication. [36] Daniel Rivera, founder. [44] |
El Observador Ponceño [45] | Ponce | 1852 [45] | Felipe Conde, owner; Benito Vilardell, editor. [46] Enciclopedia Puerto Rico calls this "Ponce's first newspaper (See, Newspapers, 19th Century. Grupo Editorial EPRL. Encyclopedia Puerto Rico. Accessed 18 August 2019.) However, Emilio Pasarell notes that, though the start of the paper was announced in La Gaceta de Puerto Rico, he doubts it was ever published due to the government's suppression of the press at the time.(See, Emilio J. Pasarell, Notas Bibliográficas Acerca de los Periódicos de Ponce. El Mundo (San Juan, Puerto Rico) Year XVII. Issue 6,153. 18 August 1935. pp. 2, 4, 12. Item 1.) Most historians agree that El Ponceño was the first paper published in Ponce. [38] [39] [40] [41] [47] [43] | ||
El Fénix: periódico local, instructivo, mercantil y de avisos [45] | Ponce [48] | 1855 (Jul 7) [49] [33] | 1860 [49] | Photocopies and microfilm copies are available at UPRP Library (7 July 1855 to 1860). [50] | Benito Vilardell, editor. [33] Augusto Pasarell, editor. [49] Juan de Dios Conde, editor. [51] |
El Eco del Comercio: semanario enciclopédico [52] | Ponce [53] | 1861 (Jun) [53] | 1867 (c.) [52] [54] | Encyclopedic Weekly; Lázaro Martínez, editor. [53] | |
El Faro [33] | Ponce [33] | 1861 [33] | |||
El Interacto [55] | Ponce | 1865 (Oct c.) [56] [49] [lower-alpha 3] | 1866 | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1 n.2 (Nov 1865) to v.1 n.21 (Mar 1867)). [56] | It was a Sunday supplement to the El Propagador newspaper, during the city's theatrical season. [57] |
El Propagador: periódico político, literario, mercantil y de avisos [56] | Ponce [58] | 1865 (Nov 4) [58] [56] [49] [lower-alpha 4] | 1866 (Apr) [59] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1 n.2 (Nov 1865) to v.1 n.21 (Mar 1867)). [56] | Weekly. [51] Francisco Vidal, editor; Daniel Bousquet and Fernando Velarde, collaborators. [59] [49] Was followed by "El Pais" (f. 8 August 1866) in August 1866. [59] |
El Moscardón | Ponce [60] [33] | 1865 (Nov) [60] | 1865 (c.) [61] | Clandestine newspaper. [61] | |
El Estracto [33] | Ponce [33] | 1865 [33] | |||
El Crepúsculo | Ponce [33] | 1866 (Mar) [62] [57] | Francisco Vidal, editor. [57] | ||
El País: periódico político, literario, agrícola, mercantil y de avisos [63] | Ponce | 1866 (Aug 8) [64] [63] | 1868 [65] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.8 (Sep 1866) to v.1, no.27 (Nov 1867)); and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.30 (Feb 1867) to v.1, no.42 (Apr 1867)). [66] | Francisco Vidal, editor. [64] Successor of El Propagador (f. 4 Nov 1865). |
El Anunciador | Ponce [67] | 1867 (Jul) [67] [57] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (Jun 1867 to Jul 1867). [68] | Free biweekly dedicated to publishing advertisements. [57] | |
La Azucena [69] | Ponce [70] | 1870 (20 Nov) [71] | 1877 (31 Aug) [71] | Fotocopies are available at University of Puerto Rico at Ponce Adelina Coppin Alvarado Library (November 1870 to 31 January 1871, and 15 August 1874 to 31 August 1877). [72] | Alejandro Tapia y Rivera, director [69] Magazine. Issues from 20 November 1870 to 10 February 1871 were published in Ponce; the paper then reappeared in San Juan on 15 August 1874 and was published there until 31 August 1877. [71] However, Fay Fowlie de Flores states the last issue published in Ponce was dated 31 January 1871. [73] |
El Pasatiempo | Ponce | 1870 [74] [lower-alpha 5] | Rafael Rodríguez, director. [57] | ||
La Hoja de Anuncios [76] | Ponce | 1870 [57] | Short-lived newspaper [57] | ||
El Heraldo del Trabajo: periódico semanal... [77] [lower-alpha 6] [lower-alpha 7] | Ponce [78] | 1870 [79] [69] [lower-alpha 8] | 1875 [79] | Print copies are available at the Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.Unknown (Apr 1877) to v.1, no.Unknown (May 1877)). [77] | Daily; [lower-alpha 9] Mario Braschi, director [69] |
Don Severo Cantaclaro: semanario satírico – político y literario. [80] | Ponce [81] | 1871 [49] [lower-alpha 10] | 1874 (Feb) [82] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.2 (Apr 1873) to v.1, no.15 (Jul 1873)). [80] | Weekly; [49] Mario Braschi, editor [49] |
Don Cándido | San Juan [83] | 1872 (May) [lower-alpha 11] | Weekly [49] | ||
El Derecho: periódico político, literario, comercial y de anuncios. [84] | Ponce [85] | 1873 (Apr 22) [82] [lower-alpha 12] | 1873 (Oct 22) [86] [lower-alpha 13] [lower-alpha 14] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.2 (Apr 1873) to v.1, no.37 (Oct 1872 [sic, "1873"?])). [84] [lower-alpha 15] | Roman Baldorioty de Castro, director [87] |
La Linterna | Ponce [88] | 1873 (Oct) [86] | 1874 (Jan) [86] | Weekly. [86] Jose Rosendo Cordero, director [87] [86] | |
El Diablillo Rojo: periódico democrático, satírico y de anuncios [89] | Ponce [90] | 1873 [86] | 1874 [86] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.2 n.3 (Jan 1874)). [89] | Weekly [49] Juan Geraldino Acosta, director [86] |
El Artesano: periódico republicano federal | Ponce [91] | 1874 (Jan 4) [92] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v1. n.2 (Jan 1874) to v.1, n.4 (Jan 1874[Sic])). [68] | Weekly; Wistremundo Muñoz, director. [92] [lower-alpha 16] | |
El Avisador: Semanario de anuncios y de noticias mercantiles [93] | Ponce [93] | 1874 (Apr 29) [93] [lower-alpha 17] | Published on Saturdays, free of cost. [93] Ramón Marín, director [93] | ||
El Avisador: periódico literario, de intereses materiales, mercantil, y de anuncios. [92] [94] [95] | Ponce [96] | 1874 (May 21) [92] [94] | 1875 [92] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1., n.1. (May 1874) to v.1, no.45 (Apr 1875)), and at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.14 (Aug 1874) to v.1, no.19 (Sept 1874)). [97] | Published on Thursdays. [98] Ramón Marín, founder; Loreto Montalvo, editor [92] |
La Semana: periódico literario, de costumbres, noticioso, mercantil y de anuncios | Ponce [99] | 1875 (Feb 7) [100] [99] [lower-alpha 18] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (7 February 1875)). [101] | Francisco Vidal, (hijo [99] ) founder; was renamed El País [74] [lower-alpha 19] | |
El País: periódico político, literario, mercantil y de anuncios [63] [65] | Ponce [102] [65] | 1875 (Feb 21) [65] [99] [63] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Fen 1875) to v.1, no.9 (Apr 1875)). [66] | Weekly (Fridays); Francisco Vidal, hijo, director. [65] [102] El País was the successor of La Semana (7 Feb 1875) [74] [103] | |
La Crónica de Ponce: periódico político, literario, de noticias e intereses materiales, comerciales y de anuncios [104] [69] | Ponce [105] | 1875 (May) [106] [lower-alpha 20] | 1881 (Oct) [107] [lower-alpha 21] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.50 (Apr 1876) to v.5, no.112 (Apr 1980 [sic, "1890"?]). [108] | Weekly; name was later changed to La Crónica. [106] Roman Baldorioty de Castro and Ramón Marín, founders. [69] Emilio Pasarell [105] clarifies this paper succeeded "El Avisador" and had two life periods. During its first life epoch it was "periódico literario, de noticias y de intereses materiales", its founder-director was Ramón Marín and its editor was Mario Braschi. Then, during its second epoch, starting in 1880, it was a "periódico politico defensor del partido autonomista", its director was Roman Baldorioty de Castro, and editors were Jose Ramon Abad and Jose Joaquin Vargas. |
La Civilización: Semanario politico, literario, de artes, noticias y anuncios [109] | Ponce | 1876 (Apr) [110] [111] [lower-alpha 22] | 1893 [110] | Print copies are available at the Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, n.11 (Jun 1876) to v.9, n.515 (May 1884)). [113] | Weekly; [110] Luis R. Velázquez, editor [111] |
La Lira | Ponce [114] | 1876 [71] | Monthly [71] | ||
El Heraldo del Trabajo: semanario agrícola, mercantil, industrial, literario, de ciencias, artes, noticias y anuncios [77] [lower-alpha 23] [lower-alpha 24] | Ponce | 1877 [115] [lower-alpha 25] | Print copies are available UPR-JML Library (v.2, no.15 (Aug 1878) to v.2, no.42 (Feb 1878 [sic])). [77] | Daily; [lower-alpha 26] Mario Braschi, director [69] | |
La Juventud Liberal: periódico politico [116] | Ponce [116] | 1877 (c.) [69] [lower-alpha 27] | 1887 [116] | Daily; Mario Braschi and Jose Ramon Adab, editors [69] It merged into La Revista de Puerto Rico (1887–1894). [116] | |
El Contemporáneo | Ponce [117] | 1878 [69] [lower-alpha 28] | Daily; Eduardo Neumann Gandía, director. [69] | ||
La Página | Ponce [118] | 1879 (Jan 16) [118] | Bimonthly magazine; Eduardo Carreras, director; organ of the Gabinete de Lectura Ponceño. [118] | ||
El Eco de Ponce: periódico enciclopédico [119] | Ponce [120] | 1880 (Jul) [121] [lower-alpha 29] | 1880 (Nov) [121] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (Jul 1880). [122] | Weekly, published every Monday [123] Sotero Figueroa, director. [121] |
El Mallete | Ponce [124] | 1880 [124] | Mario Braschi, director; it was a masonic magazine. [124] | ||
La Revista Mercantil | Ponce [125] | 1881 (Feb) [126] [127] | Luis R. Velázquez, editor; [111] Bi-weekly [126] Conservative; Biweekly. [127] | ||
El Comercio [128] | Ponce | 1881 (Feb) [126] | Juan F. Terreforte [126] | ||
El Eco del Comercio | Ponce [52] | 1881 (Mar) [52] [126] | Short-lived. [52] | ||
La Avispa | Ponce [129] | 1881 (Apr) [130] [74] [lower-alpha 30] | Sotero Figueroa, founder. [74] | ||
El Diapasón | Ponce | 1881 (Jul) [126] | 1881 (Jul) [126] | Pedro Gabriel Carreras [126] | |
La Cotorra | Ponce | 1881 (Sep) [126] | 1881 (Dec) [126] | "Periódico crítico literario, comercial y de noticias" (Critical literary, commercial and news newspaper). [126] | |
El Pueblo: risas y burlas, sátiras punzantes, verdades amargas | Ponce | 1881 (Oct 7) [131] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (7 Oct 1881)). [132] | ||
El Pueblo: periódico liberal reformista | Ponce [133] | 1881 (Oct) [126] [lower-alpha 31] | 1887 (Oct 6) [126] [134] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.112 (Jul 1882) to v.4, no.532 (May 1885)). [132] | This paper was the successor of La Crónica (1875–1881) [134] and was itself succeeded by El Popular (1887–1889). [135] Ramón Marín, Mario Braschi, and Jose Ramon Abad, directors [69] |
El Trabajo | Ponce [136] | 1882 (Jun 15) | Antonio M. Molina, editor-director. | ||
El Agricultor | Ponce [137] | 1882 | |||
La Civilización: periódico liberal [109] | Ponce | 1882 (c.) [109] | Print copies are available at the Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.8, n.Unknown (Jun 188?) to v.9, n.546 (Oct 1884). [138] | Apparently a daily [109] | |
El Estudio: repertorio científico, literario y satirico [139] [69] | Ponce [140] | 1883 (May 1) [140] [141] | Year 1, Issue 14 (16 Dec 1883) available at La Colección Puertorriqueña here. Also, print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.14 (Nov 1883) to v.2, no. 21 (Nov. 1893)). [139] | Biweekly; [141] Manuel Zeno Gandía, director. [69] Magazine. | |
El Bombero [142] | Ponce [143] | 1884 (Oct 1) [143] [144] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1 n.5 (Feb 1885)). [145] | Virgilio Biaggi, director [143] Organ of the Cuerpo de Bomberos de Ponce. [146] | |
El Avisador Ponceño: periódico de anuncios, noticias y literatura [94] | Ponce [147] | 1884 (Oct 8) [147] [94] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1., n.1. (Oct 1884)). [97] | Loreto Montalvo, director. [147] | |
El Derecho Popular | Ponce [148] | 1884 (Jan)) [149] [148] | Liberal, pro-reforms paper. [149] Jose Ramon Abad, founder; Mario Braschi, editor-director | ||
El Delta | Ponce [150] | 1885 [150] | Mario Braschi, director. Masonic magazine. | ||
El Pabellón Español | Ponce [151] | 1883 (Apr) [152] [lower-alpha 32] | 1886 [151] | Casiano Balbás, director. Organ of the Partido Incondicional Español political party. [151] This paper was also called El Pabellón Nacional by some. [152] | |
Revista de Puerto Rico | Ponce [153] | 1887 (Jun 15) [154] | 1894 ("end of") [153] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Aug 1886) to v.7, no.155 (Dec 1892)). [155] | Daily; Francisco Cepeda, editor. [111] Suppressed on 6 October 1887, reappeared on 2 March 1888; suspended on 23 July 1888. The paper was founded in San Juan on 18 August 1886. [153] |
El Popular: periódico político, de intereses materiales, de noticias, comercial y de anuncios. [156] | Ponce [135] | 1887 (Oct) [157] [69] | 1889 (Dec) [156] | Print copies are available at Manuscript Division, Library of Congress (2a Época, Año 1, num. 70, 7 abril 1888). [156] | Ramón Marín, Mario Braschi, and Jose Ramon Abad, directors. [69] This paper succeeded El Pueblo (1881–1889). [135] |
El Listín Comercial | Ponce [158] | 1888 [159] | 1894 [158] [lower-alpha 33] | Jose Llorens Echevarria, director-editor; published from Barrio La Playa. [158] | |
El Obrero | Ponce [160] | 1889 [160] | 1890 [160] | ||
La Democracia: decano de la prensa puertorriqueña [161] | Ponce | 1890 (Jul 1) [162] | 1948 [163] | Digitized issues available at Newspaper Digital Library: Digital Library of the Caribbean (La Democracia).. [164] [165] | Published in Ponce from 1 July 1890 to 19 September 1900, then in Caguas where it published its first issue on 23 October 1900 and published until 1902, then in San Juan where it published its first issue on 1 June 1904.; [166] Continued by Diario de Puerto Rico 1948- |
El Porvenir | Ponce [167] | 1890 (Jul) [167] | Rafael Muñoz Grillo and Alejo Muñoz, directors. [167] | ||
El Diario de Ponce: periódico autonomista, politico y literario(1890) [168] [lower-alpha 34] | Ponce [168] | 1890 (Nov 1) [169] | This paper was the successor of El Popular (1887–1889). [169] Daily. [168] Ramón Marín, director; [168] [lower-alpha 35] | ||
El Comercio de Puerto Rico | Ponce [170] | 1890 | Luis R. Velazquez, director | ||
El Cronista | Ponce [171] | 1890 | Ramón Marín, director | ||
El Postillón [172] [173] [174] | Ponce [175] | 1891 (Apr 23) [176] [177] | 1891 (Aug) [172] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (4 Jul 1891)). [34] | Daily. [44] Francisco Gonzalo Marin, director [173] |
El Estandarte | Ponce [178] | 1891 (Jul 20) [179] | Conservative weekly. Luis Caballer, director. [180] | ||
La Sombra | Ponce [181] | 1891 (Jul 22) [182] [183] | Luis Caballer, founder. [184] | ||
El País [65] | Ponce [65] | 1891 (Sep 19) [65] [185] | Triweekly; Luis R. Velázquez, director. [65] | ||
El Amigo de tu Hogar | Ponce [186] | 1892 (Feb 1) [187] | Farmacia Arrillaga, editors [188] | ||
La Revista Mercantil: defensor de los intereses generales del país [189] | Ponce [190] [127] | 1892 (Apr 18) [127] [lower-alpha 36] [191] | 1897(c.) [127] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.3, no.237 (Feb 1895) to v.3, no.294 (Sep 1895)). [155] | Luis R. Velázquez, editor; [111] Bi-weekly [126] |
El Diario de Ponce(1892) [192] [lower-alpha 37] | Ponce [193] | 1892 (May 1) [194] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (no.1 (May 1892)). [195] | Daily, except Tuesdays; [196] Ramón Marín, director. [197] | |
El Estudio [198] | Ponce [199] | 1892 (May 2) [200] | 1893 (December) [201] [lower-alpha 38] | Spiritualist free-thinkers Weekly; Jose Morin Fernandez, founder. [202] | |
El Noticiero: periódico politico, independiente, regionalista y de información universal. [203] [lower-alpha 39] | Ponce [204] | 1892 (May) [205] [lower-alpha 40] [203] | 1897 (Dec 30) [206] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.6, no.775 (16 Jul 1897)); Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.44 (Oct 1892) to v.3, no.397 (Jan 1895)). [207] | This paper was the successor of El Diario de Ponce; was a tri-weekly [208] Ramón Marín, Mario Braschi, and Jose Ramon Abad, directors [69] |
El Carnaval: Revista alegre y literaria y semanario satírico | Ponce [209] | 1892 (Aug 9) [210] | Leonardo A. Ponce de Leon, director [211] Suspended for financial reasons in September 1892. [212] | ||
La Revista Obrera | Ponce [213] | 1892 (Sept) [214] | 1895 [215] | Ramon Morel Campos, founder. [215] | |
El Siboney | Ponce [216] | 1893 (Oct) [217] | 1895 [218] [lower-alpha 41] | Ramon Moral Campos, founder. [217] | |
La Libertad: ciencias, literatura, noticias, anuncios [173] [219] | Ponce [220] | 1894 (Feb 18) [221] | 1897 (Jun 28) [221] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.Unknown (Feb 1894) to v.2, no.12 (Sept 1895)); Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.1 (Feb 1894) to v.Unknown, no.292 (Jan 1897)). [222] | Felix Matos Bernier, director [173] Triweekly. [221] Published 18 Feb 1984 through June 1894; 16 December 1894 through April 1895; 8 August 1895 (as a daily); disappeared and lived again from 4 March 1896 through 28 June 1897. [221] |
El Eco del Sur | Ponce [223] | 1894 (Jun) [224] | 1894 (Nov 16) [225] | Daily; Ramon Morel Campos, founder [226] | |
El Independiente: Semanario dominical [227] | Ponce [228] | 1894 (Jul) [229] | 1894 (Sep) [227] | Agustin Navarrete, founder; the paper was suspended in Sept 1894. [227] | |
El Amigo del Pueblo | Ponce [230] | 1894 [231] | Isaac Irizarry Sasport, director. [232] | ||
La Razón | Ponce | 1895 (Jan 5) [233] | 1895 (Apr) [234] | A paper for children; Short-lived, reappeared in Sept 1985, then again in May 1896. [235] | |
El Infantil | Ponce | 1895 (Jan) [236] | 1895 (Apr) [234] | A paper for children 9 and 10 years old. [237] | |
La Bomba: órgano del pueblo [142] | Ponce | 1895 (Feb 7) [238] [142] | 1899 (c.) [238] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1., n.1. (Feb 1895) to v.1, no.15 (Apr 1895)), and at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.1 (Feb 1895)). [239] | This paper was published in three "epochs": First epoch, 7 Feb to 3 May 1895; Second epoch, 22 September to 18 October 1898; [lower-alpha 42] Third epoch, 1 January 1899; triweekly. [238] |
La Ilusión | Ponce | 1895 (Apr 2) [240] | A paper for children; Guillermo Vivas Valdivieso, director. [241] Was shut down by the city mayor. [242] | ||
El Cautivo [243] | Ponce [244] | 1895 (Apr 23) [245] [243] | 1895 (Jun 1) [246] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1 n.1 (Apr 1895) to v.1, no.18 (Jun 1895)) and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, n.2 (Apr [Sic] 1895). [247] | Francisco E. Montañez, director. [248] [lower-alpha 43] |
El Propio Esfuerzo [249] | Ponce [250] | 1895 (May 9) [251] | Autonomist triweekly. [252] | ||
El Centinela | Ponce [253] | 1895 (Sep) [248] | 1895 (Dec) [248] | "Temporarily" suspended in December 1895; Enrique Lopez, director. [248] | |
La Pequeña Antilla: trisemanario politico, de asuntos útiles al procomún, literatura, ciencias, artes y anuncios [254] [255] | Ponce | 1895 (Nov 23) [256] [257] [183] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.19 (24 January 1896)); and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.2, no.186 (9 Jun 1897)). [258] | Luis Caballer, founder. [259] Triweekly. [260] | |
La Nueva Idea | Ponce [261] | 1895 (Dec 15) [262] | Literary Sunday paper. [262] Felix Matos Bernier, director. [263] | ||
El Tiempo [173] | Ponce | 1895 (c.) [173] | Pedro R. de Diego, director [173] | ||
El Heraldo Español | Ponce | 1895 (c.) [264] | 1896 (c.) [111] | Daily; Vicente Balbás y Capó, editor [111] | |
El Eco del Comercio | Ponce [52] | 1896 (Jan) [52] | |||
La Juventud | Ponce [265] | 1896 (May) [266] | Children's paper; ceased publishing then reappeared in August 1896. [266] | ||
El Anunciador | Ponce [267] | 1896 (Oct 1) [268] | Eugenio Deschamps, director. [268] | ||
La Prensa Ponceña | Ponce [269] | 1896 (Dec 16) [270] [lower-alpha 44] | 1896 (Dec 16) [270] [lower-alpha 45] | Printed only 1 issue: 16 December 1896. [270] | |
La Revista Mensual | Ponce [271] | 1896 [272] | |||
El Chisme | Ponce [273] | 1897 (Feb) [274] | 1897 [274] | Satirical biweekly. [274] | |
La Patria: diario politico, órgano del Partido Republicano [63] [lower-alpha 46] | Ponce [275] | 1897 (May) [276] | 1897 (Aug) [276] | Adolfo Llanos Alcaraz, director; Carlos Lopez de Tord, editor; conservative newspaper [276] | |
El Sastre del Campillo [277] | Ponce [277] | 1897 (Aug 1) [103] | Literary weekly; [278] Humorous-satirical weekly. [274] Luis Rodriguez Cabrero, director [277] | ||
El Autonomista [277] | Ponce [279] | 1898 (Jan 5) [280] | Jose Llorens Echevarria, director; political daily; Organ of the Union Liberal Autonomista. [281] | ||
El Domingo Alegre: castigat ridendo mores [282] | Ponce | 1898 (Mar) [283] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.2 n.63 (April 1898)). [284] | Weekly; was first published in Mayaguez in December 1896, lasting a short time. Then reappeared in Ponce in March 1898. [283] Luis Emilio David, director. [285] | |
La Estrella Solitaria: diario de la tarde [286] [277] | Ponce | 1898 (Jul 29) [287] [288] [277] | 1899 (Sep) [289] [288] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.18 (1898) and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.54 (Oct 1908)). [139] | Luis Caballer, director. [277] Evening Daily. [288] Independent political daily. [290] |
La Nueva Era: diario de la tarde [291] | Ponce [292] | 1898 (Jul 30) [293] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.90 (Nov 1898) to v.2, no.449 (Apr 1900)). [294] | Jose Llorens Echevarria, director [277] Daily, except Sundays; it was not published for a short time in January 1899 but continued publishing in February of that year; it was still published in 1900. [295] | |
El Correo de Puerto Rico: periódico de intereses generales, literatura, ciencias, anuncios y de información universal [296] | Ponce [297] | 1898 (Aug 1) [298] [299] | 1899 (Apr) [300] [299] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.51 (Oct 1898) to v.1, no.206 (Apr 1899) and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, (Apr 1899)). [296] | Also published in English as "The Porto Rico Mail"; Eugenio Deschamp and Eugenio Astol, founders. [299] |
La Voz del Obrero [301] | Ponce [302] | 1898 (Aug) [303] | Reappeared in April 1899 and, after a few weeks, it was renamed La Liga Obrera. [304] | ||
La Bomba [142] | Ponce | 1898 (Sep) [142] | Print copies are available at the Universidad del Sagrado Corazon Library (v.1., n.1. (Sept 1898) to v.1, no.8 (Oct 1898)). [239] | This paper was published in three "epochs": First, 7 Feb to 3 May 1895; Second, 22 September to 18 October 1898; [lower-alpha 47] Third, 1 Jan 1899. [238] Evaristo Izcoa Diaz, director. [173] | |
El Cañón: defensor de los intereses del pueblo [305] [299] | Ponce [306] | 1898 (Nov 2) [307] [299] | José Picó Matos, director; Joaquín Tellechea, editor. The paper was suspended by mayor Luis Porrata-Doría and, on 4 January 1900, it reappeared under the direction of Luis Caballer, Evaristo Izcoa Diaz and Leonardo A. Ponce de Leon. [307] | ||
El Loro | Ponce [308] | 1898 (Dec 16) [309] | 1899 [299] | Humorous newspaper. [299] | |
La Broma | Ponce [310] | 1898 (Dec 28) [311] [299] | 1899 [299] | Reappeared in 1900. [299] | |
El Fonógrafo | Ponce [312] | 1898 (Dec) [313] | 1899 [299] | Luis R. Velázquez, editor. [299] | |
La Liga Obrera [299] | Ponce [314] | 1898 (Dec) [314] [299] | 1899 (Feb 15) [314] | This paper was a re-birth of "La Voz del Obrero", which had started publishing in August 1898. [315] Fernando J. Matias, editor. [299] | |
El Obrero Liberal [299] | Ponce [lower-alpha 48] | 1898 [299] | Supported the labor movement. [299] | ||
El Porvenir Social [299] | Ponce [lower-alpha 49] | 1898 [299] | Fernando J. Matias, editor. [299] | ||
La Metralla | Ponce [317] | 1899 (Jan 18) [318] | 1899 (Feb) [318] | Independent political triweekly. [318] [319] | |
Canta Claro: diario político independiente, satírico y humorístico. | Ponce [320] | 1899 (Feb 1) [307] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1 n.13 (Feb 1899)). [321] | Independent political daily. [307] | |
Porto Rico American | Ponce [322] | 1899 (Feb 4) [323] | |||
El Album [324] | Ponce [325] | 1899 (Feb 18) [326] | |||
El Combate: periódico puertorriqueño para el pueblo puertorriqueño [173] | Ponce [327] | 1899 (Feb 25) [328] [329] [173] | 1899 (Feb 27) [328] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.37 (Jul 1899) to v.1, no.108 (Sep 1899)), at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.38 (Jul 1899) to v.1, no.112 (Oct 1899)) and at Universidad del Sagrado Corazon (v.1, no.2 (May 1899) to v.1, no.71 (Aug 1899)). [330] | This paper was a re-branding of the third epoch of "La Bomba" (founded 1 January 1899). Its 4th epoch started on 22 May 1899 and was still publishing in May 1900. [328] Evaristo Izcoa Diaz, director [173] [331] Apparently a daily. |
Frégoli [332] | Ponce [333] | 1899 (Mar 5) [334] | Suspended publishing and then reappeared in December 1901. [334] | ||
La Patria: diario de información y eco imparcial de la opinión publica [257] | Ponce [335] | 1899 (Mar 21) [276] [336] [lower-alpha 50] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.10 (Apr 1899) to v.1, no.56 (May 1899)) and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.15 (Apr 1899) to v.1, no.25 (Apr 1899)). [337] | Leonardo A. Ponce de Leon, director [277] | |
Plumas: Semanario literario, de ciencias, artes y literatura [338] | Ponce [339] | 1899 (Apr) [338] | 1899 (Aug) [338] | Weekly; Eugenio Astol, director. [338] | |
El Grito del Pueblo | Ponce [340] | 1899 (Jul) [341] | Guillermo Atiles Garcia, director. [341] | ||
El Independiente | Ponce [227] | 1899 (Jul) [227] | T. Carrion Maduro, director. [227] | ||
El Pueblo: Trisemanario politico y literario | Ponce [342] | 1899 (Aug 20) [343] | Tomas Carrion Maduro, director. [344] | ||
El Ideal Católico [277] | Ponce [345] | 1899 (Aug) [346] | Print copies are available UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Aug 1899) to v.18, no.1108 (Mar 1915)). [258] | P. Janices, director [277] | |
El Caribe: Diario politico | Ponce [347] | 1899 (Sep) [348] | Carlos del Toro, director [349] | ||
El Ciclón | Ponce [350] | 1899 (Sep) [351] | Tomas Carrion Maduro, director. [351] | ||
La Propaganda: Diario politico independiente [352] | Ponce [353] | 1899 (Oct) [352] | Luis Caballer, director. [354] | ||
La Vanguardia: Diario politico republicano | Ponce [355] | 1899 (Oct 29) [356] | 1900 [357] | Lasted until 1900, but reappeared for a short time in 1901. [356] | |
El Debate | Ponce [358] | 1899 (Dec) [359] | |||
Title | Locale | Year est. | Year ceased | Availability | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
El Amigo del Pueblo: periódico bisemanal | Ponce [360] | 1900 (Jan 1) [361] | Guillermo Atiles Garcia, director. [361] | ||
El Derecho Popular: periódico politico [362] | Ponce [363] | 1900 (Jan 25) [362] | 1900 (Feb 15) | Quintin Petifre Marcano, director. [362] | |
La Semana Cómica [364] | Ponce [365] | 1900 (Apr 20) [366] | |||
El Eco de la Marina | Ponce [367] | 1900 (May 1) [123] | |||
El Correo del Sur: diario de la mañana. Independiente, de información general, literatura y anuncios. [368] | Ponce [369] | 1900 (May 8) [370] [lower-alpha 51] [368] | 1909 (Nov) [370] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (Aug 1909). [371] | Daily. Juan Braschi, director. [372] [370] |
El Eco del Sur | Ponce [373] | 1900 (May c.) | |||
La Opinión: diario politico [374] [375] | Ponce [376] | 1900 (Jun 12) [377] [375] | 1901 [378] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.2, no.236 (May 1901)). [379] | Daily; [173] Manuel Zeno Gandía, director [173] |
El Deber: diario de la tarde [380] | Ponce [381] | 1900 (Jun 19) [380] | Federal newspaper. [380] | ||
La Voz de la Marina | Ponce [382] | 1900 (Jun) | |||
La Campaña: Diario republicano de la tarde [383] | Ponce [384] | 1900 (Jul 11) [383] [lower-alpha 52] | J. Ferreras, director. [383] | ||
El Jorobao [385] | Ponce [386] | 1900 (Aug 4) [385] | Juan Caliente (Evaristo Izcoa Diaz), director. [387] | ||
El Diario de Ponce: periódico politico, de intereses generales, información, y anuncios.(1900) [388] [lower-alpha 53] | Ponce [389] | 1900 (Dec 1) [388] | 1903 (Jun 13) [388] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.2 n.14 (May 1902)) and Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.2, no.290 (Oct 1902)). [390] | Daily. Edelmiro J. Lespier, founder [388] and director. [173] Defender of the Federal Party of Puerto Rico. [391] |
El Postillón [392] | Ponce [393] | 1900 (c.) [392] | Satirical tri-weekly. [392] Enrique Santiago, director. [392] | ||
La Protesta [251] | Ponce [394] | 1901 (Jan) [251] | Political daily; Republican; I. Irizarry Sasport, director. [251] | ||
El Siglo XX | Ponce [395] | 1901 (Feb 1) [396] | 1902 (c.) [396] | Weekly magazine [396] | |
Listín Comercial: periódico del comercio [159] | Ponce [397] | 1901 (Mar) [159] | 1902 (c.) [159] | Joaquin Ferreras, director. [159] | |
La Justicia [398] | Ponce [399] | 1901 (Apr 15) [400] [398] | 1901 (Oct) [401] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.49 (Aug 1901) to v.1, no.52 (Aug 1901)). [402] | Republican triweekly; published from 15 April 1901, but disappeared in July then reappeared and was published until October 1901. [399] |
La Juventud Alegre: semanario joco-serio de literatura y anuncios [266] | Ponce [403] | 1901 (Apr 24) [266] | Weekly [266] | ||
La Información [234] | Ponce [404] | 1901 (May 17) [234] | Tri-Weekly [234] | ||
El 25 de Julio [405] | Ponce [406] | 1901 (Jul) [405] [lower-alpha 54] | Only one commemorative issue was printed in July 1901. [405] [lower-alpha 55] | ||
El Mime | Ponce [407] | 1901 (Aug 25) [408] | Political satire weekly. [408] | ||
El Mosquitero [409] | Ponce [410] | 1901 (Sep 2) [409] | The organ of those who supported Mayor José de Guzmán Benítez, known as "Los Guzmancistas". [409] | ||
El Tiempo: diario independiente [411] | Ponce [412] | 1901 (Nov 16) [411] | Pedro R. de Diego, director. [411] | ||
Voz de la Patria | Mayaguez | 1901 | 1922 [413] | ||
El Águila de Puerto Rico [131] | Ponce [414] | 1902 (Jan 8) [415] [416] | 1934 (Mar) [414] [277] [131] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Jan 1902) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Jun 1924)); [132] Archivo Histórico de Ponce (8 January 1902 to 3 July 1931). [417] Microfilm copies are available at University of Puerto Rico at Ponce Adelina Coppin Alvarado Library (8 January 1902 to 3 July 1931)). [417] | A newspaper of the Partido Republicano Puertorriqueño political party. [418] Manuel V. Domenech, Pedro J. Rosaly, and Ulpiano Colom, founders. [416] Alfonso Gual, publisher [415] and director. [416] This paper appeared on 8 January 1902 and disappeared on 3 July 1931. It then reappeared on 1 January 1934 and lasted 2 months. [414] |
El Porvenir: diario politico de la tarde [419] [277] | Ponce [420] | 1902 (Feb 3) [421] [277] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.50 (Apr 1902) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (7 May 1902)). [34] | Quintín Negrón Sanjurjo, director [277] | |
Union Obrera [422] | Ponce [423] | 1902 (Mar) [422] | 1932 (c.) [422] | Santiago Iglesias, founder. [422] Alejo Castro, director. [424] | |
El Republicano puro: órgano del comité local de Ponce [189] | Ponce | 1902 (Aug) [425] [189] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.5 (Aug 1901) to v.1, no.13 (Sep 1901)). [155] | ||
La Avispa [426] | Ponce [426] | 1902 (c.) [426] | |||
El Eco de Ponce: periódico independiente [123] | Ponce [427] | 1903 (Sep) [123] | |||
La Tempestad [428] | Ponce [429] | 1903 [428] | 1905 [430] | ||
La República: por la union y para la union [155] [173] | Ponce [431] | 1904 (May 1) [432] [189] [173] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.20 (May 1904) to v.1, no.176 (Nov 1904)). [155] | Juan Pericas Diaz, director [173] | |
Crónica de Higiene y de Medicina Tropical [433] | Ponce [434] | 1904 (May 1) [433] [lower-alpha 56] | J. P. Raldiris, director. [435] | ||
El Doble Cero [436] | Ponce [437] | 1904 (Aug) [436] [lower-alpha 57] | Tomas Carrion Maduro, director. [438] | ||
Puerto Rico [439] | Ponce [440] | 1904 (Oct 3) [439] | Initially a Union of Puerto Rico daily, but independent later on. [439] | ||
El Laurel [441] | Ponce [442] | 1904 (Dec 12) [441] [lower-alpha 58] | Literary magazine; Cesar Américo Bustamante [441] | ||
La Picota [443] | Ponce [444] | 1904 (Dec) [443] | Guillermo Atiles Garcia, director [443] | ||
El Abanico [445] | Ponce [446] | 1904 (c.) [445] | Ramon C. Colon, director. [445] | ||
El Testigo Evangélico | Ponce [447] | 1905 (Jan) [411] [448] | Weekly; Protestant. [448] In 1910 it merged with Puerto Rico Evangélico. [411] | ||
El Eco de Puerto Rico: diario de la tarde [119] | Ponce [449] | 1905 (Jun 2) [450] [119] | 1905 (Oct) [450] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.30 (Jul 1905) to v.1, no.58 (Aug 1905)). [122] | Daily |
La Lucha | Ponce [451] | 1905 (c.) [452] | Republican political daily; Ignacio Martinez, director. [452] | ||
El Buen Sentido [277] | Ponce [453] | 1906 (Jan 1) [454] [277] | 1913 [454] | Francisco Arjona, director [277] | |
El Postillón [392] | Ponce [392] | 1906 (Jan) [392] | Satirical tri-weekly. [392] | ||
La Campaña: Diario politico [383] | Ponce [455] | 1906 [383] | Ignacio Martinez and Alfonso Gual, directors. [383] | ||
La Razón Libre: trisemanario politico, literatura, información y anuncios [456] | Ponce [457] | 1907 (Jul 30) [456] [lower-alpha 59] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.30 (Feb 1867) to v.1, no.41 (30 Jul 1907)). [458] | Tri-weekly. Enrique Santiago, director. [459] | |
La Voz del Pueblo [460] | Ponce | 1907 (Nov 4) [460] | Unionist newspaper and successor of La Razón Libre; Fernando J. Matias, director. [460] | ||
El Tiempo | San Juan | 1907 [415] | |||
The Portorrican Student [461] | Ponce [462] | 1908 (Nov 5) [461] | Weekly student magazine; directed and managed by students. [461] | ||
Porto Rico Progress | San Juan | 1908 [415] | English-language | ||
La Voz del Pueblo [460] | Ponce [463] | 1908 (c.) [460] | Socialist newspaper; Fernando J. Matos, director. [460] | ||
La Conciencia Libre: semanario librepensador [277] | Ponce [464] | 1909 (Sep 19) [465] [329] | 1921 [465] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Sept 1909) to v.12, no.671 (Jan 1921)). [330] | Weekly. [330] Official organ of the free-thinkers. [277] |
El Diario de Puerto Rico: periódico politico [lower-alpha 60] [lower-alpha 61] [277] | Ponce [467] | 1909 (Dec 13) [388] [466] [468] | 1911 (Apr 28) [388] [468] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1 n.1 (Dec. 1909)), [469] and Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [470] | Its name was changed to El Día on 28 April 1911; Guillermo V. Cintrón, founder [468] [388] |
Puerto Rico Ilustrado | San Juan | 1910 [415] | 1952 (c.) | Weekly magazine | |
El Diario [471] | Ponce [472] | 1910 [471] | Daily | ||
La Prensa: Revista de ciencias morales, políticas y literarias. [270] | Ponce [473] | 1910 (Jan 15) [270] | 1910 (Apr 16 c.) [270] | Weekly magazine [270] | |
El Buscapié [454] | Ponce [474] | 1910 (Apr) [454] | |||
Diario del Oeste | Mayaguez | 1911 [475] | |||
Frégoli | Ponce [334] | 1911 (Jan) [334] | Satirical weekl; Jose Mas y Perez, director. [334] | ||
Fiat Lux [277] | Ponce [476] | 1911 (Feb 9) [277] [477] | 1916 [477] | Jose A. Casals, director [277] | |
El Día: decano de la prensa de Puerto Rico [277] [478] | Ponce [479] | 1911 (May 2) [480] [468] | 1970 [481] | Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [482] | This paper was the successor of El Diario de Puerto Rico (1909–1911); Eugenio Astol, director; Guillermo Vivas Valdivieso become its director in 1928. [483] In 1970, its name was changed to El Nuevo Día ; Guillermo V. Cintrón, founder [468] |
El Observador [484] | Ponce | 1911 (Oct 14) [485] [484] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Oct 1911) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (23 Mar 1912)). [294] | Weekly; published in Spanish and English (The Observer). [485] | |
La Estrella de Oriente [486] | Ponce [487] | 1911 (Nov) [486] [lower-alpha 62] | Theosophist magazine; Olivia Paoli de Braschi, director. [486] [lower-alpha 63] | ||
Juan Bobo [385] | Ponce [488] | 1912 (Apr) [385] | Ignacio Otero, director [385] | ||
El Amigo del Pueblo: diario de la mañana defensor de Puerto Rico y de la raza latinoamericana [277] [361] | Ponce [489] | 1912 (May 30) [361] [490] [277] | 1912 (Jul) [361] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1 n.1 (May 1912)). [491] | Daily. [490] Tomas Cerón Camargo and Luis Caballer, editors. [361] |
Puerto Rico Evangélico [492] | Ponce [493] | 1912 (Jul 10) [492] | Nondaily; Protestant [415] | ||
El Estudiante Ponceño [486] | Ponce [494] | 1912 (Nov 1) [486] | 1913 (Jul 1) [486] | Monthly magazine; [lower-alpha 64] Julio Fiol Negron, director. [486] | |
El Noticiero: diario de la tarde de información general [203] | Ponce [495] [496] | 1912 (Dec 12) [495] [203] [lower-alpha 65] | 1914 (Sep) [495] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.1 (Dec 1912)). [207] | Daily; Manuel Mocete Padilla, director. [495] |
La Tribuna [497] | Ponce [498] | 1912 (c.) [497] | |||
Adelante!: Semanario de Intereses Generales [499] | Ponce [500] | 1913 (Jun 7) [501] [502] | Print copies are available at the Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1 n.1 (June 1913)). [491] | Weekly [lower-alpha 66] | |
La Revista Cafetera [503] | Ponce [504] | 1913 (Sep) [503] | 1918 (Jun) [503] [lower-alpha 67] | Monthly; Ramon Almonte, director; it published 60 issues. [503] | |
Cumbres [380] | Ponce [505] | 1913 (Dec) [380] | Monthly magazine; Guillermo Atiles Garcia, director. [380] | ||
Rasgos [506] | Ponce [507] | 1913 [506] | Monthly magazine. [508] Julio Fiol Negron, director. [486] | ||
Justicia | San Juan | 1913 [415] | Published by Federación Libre de los Trabajadores de Puerto Rico [28] | ||
Liga de Detallistas [509] | Ponce [510] | 1913 (c.) [509] | |||
La Trinchera [511] | Ponce [512] | 1914 (Jan) [511] | Daily; Rafael Matos Bernier, director. [511] | ||
La Opinión: diario de la mañana [375] | Ponce [513] | 1914 (Jun 19) [374] [375] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.1 (Jun 1914) to v.1, no.25 (Jul 1914)). [379] | Unionist daily; Felix Matos Bernier, director. [374] Daily [375] | |
El Nacional [514] | Ponce [515] | 1914 (Jun) [514] | Carlos Q. Georgetti, director. [514] | ||
Vida Bohemia [516] | Ponce [517] | 1914 [516] | Weekly; Horacio Franceschi, director. [516] | ||
Fraternidad [518] | Ponce [519] | 1914 [518] | Magazine; Jose Norat Rodriguez, et. al., directors. [518] | ||
El Eco de Ponce [123] | Ponce [520] | 1914 (c.) [123] | |||
Ponce High School Arcus [461] | Ponce [521] | 1915 (Jan) [461] | School magazine; Angel Fiol, director [461] | ||
El Ensayo [522] | Ponce [523] | 1915 (Nov) [123] [lower-alpha 68] | Manuel Tous Soto, director;Catholic magazine. [522] | ||
Heraldo Escolar [524] | Ponce [525] | 1915 (Dec 15) [524] [lower-alpha 69] | Bimonthly. [526] [524] | ||
El Diluvio | San Juan | 1915 | 1940 [527] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (Unknown holdings) and UPRP (1936 to 1938). [527] | Had a section on Ponce titled "Notas de Ponce" or "Ponce al vuelo" [527] |
Pro-Ponce: órgano de "La Liga Progresista" [528] | Ponce | 1916 (Jun) [528] [lower-alpha 70] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.1 (Jun 1916) to v.1, no.9 (Jul 1916). [529] | Guillermo Salazar, editor; organ of the Liga Progresista. [251] | |
La Acción Social [501] | Ponce [530] | 1916 (Nov 4) [501] | Catholic weekly. [531] [501] | ||
La Metralla [408] | Ponce [532] | 1916 [408] | Miguel Martinez, director. [408] | ||
La Idea [533] | Ponce [534] | 1916 (c.) [533] | Weekly magazine; Bolivar Pagan, director. [533] | ||
La Opinión: diario independiente [374] | Ponce [535] | 1918 (Jan 16) [374] | Vida Moderna, editors; Tomas Carrion Maduro, director. [374] | ||
La Victoria: órgano de propaganda aliada [536] | Ponce [537] | 1918 (Feb 8) [516] [538] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Feb 1918) to v.1, no.26 (Feb 1919)). [539] | Daily | |
La Aurora [540] | Ponce [541] | 1918 (May) [540] | 1918 (Oct c.) [540] | Bolivar Pagan, director. [540] | |
El Alba Roja [542] | Ponce [543] | 1918 (Aug 24) [542] | 1919 [544] [lower-alpha 71] | Socialist weekly; Moises Echevarria, director. [542] | |
El Imparcial: el diario ilustrado | San Juan | 1918 | 1973 (Feb 28) [lower-alpha 72] [545] | Digitized copies available at Colección Puertorriqueña. Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Nov 1918) to v.1, no.20 (Mar 1979)); Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.4, no.18 (Nov 1935) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Mar 1937)); Carnegie Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Jan 1964) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Nov 1973)); Biblioteca General de Puerto Rico (v.7, no.29 (Feb 1893) to v.18, no.7,014 (Nov 1950)); Biblioteca Legislativa (v.21, no.8,087 (Jan 1954) to v.38, no. 14,110 (Oct 1972)); Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.17, no.6,528 (Jul 1949) to v. 38, no. 14,368 (Oct 1973)); UPR-RUM Library (v.18, no.95 (Apr 1935) to v.38, no.14,210 (Feb 1973)); Universidad del Sagrado Corazón (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Dic 1935) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Sept 1956)), [258] Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [546] | |
La Revista Moderna | Ponce [547] [lower-alpha 73] | 1918 | Elpidio de Mier, director. [548] | ||
El Clamor de Ponce | Ponce [549] | 1918 [550] | 1920 [551] | Francisco R. Vizcarrondo, director. [550] | |
El Mundo | San Juan | 1919 | 1986 | Digitized issues available at Newspaper Digital Library: Digital Library of the Caribbean (El Mundo). [552] and at Colección Puertorriqueña. Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Feb 1919)); Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.3, no.717 (Jun 1921) to v.24, no.9,452 (Oct 1942)); Archivo Histórico Municipal de San German (v.1, no.3,521 (Oct 1929) to v.33, no.14, 786 (Aug 1952)); Carnegie Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Jan 1919)); Biblioteca General de Puerto Rico (v.6, no.1,812 (Dec 1924) to v.45, no.16,026 (Nov 1962)); Biblioteca Legislativa (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Jan 1960) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Dec 1984)); Universidad Central de Bayamón Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Sept 1944)); Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.55, no.73 (May 1974)); University of Puerto Rico at Cayey Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Unknown month 1919)); University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Mar 1919) to v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Unknown month 1970)); UPR-RUM Library (v.1, no.1 (Feb 1919)); Universidad del Sagrado Corazon (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Jan 1925)); Universidad del Turabo (v.28, no.10,455 (Jan 1946)) [553] and Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [554] | |
El Cirujano Menor [555] | Ponce [556] | 1920 (Apr) [555] [lower-alpha 74] | Guadalupe G. Perez, director; monthly organ of the Asociación de Cirujanos Menores. [555] | ||
Boletín de las Hijas de María | Ponce [557] | 1920 (Aug 15) [558] | 1922 (Aug 1) [558] | Padres Paules, editors; bi-monthly. [558] | |
El Combate: diario Independentista [128] | Ponce | 1920 (Sep) [128] | Julio del Toro Fernandez, director; daily; supported the philosophy of the Puerto Rico independence movement. [128] | ||
La Retranca | Ponce [559] | 1920 (c.) [425] | Carlos Q. Georgetti. [425] | ||
Alma | Ponce [560] | 1922 (Feb 15) [561] | 1924 (c.) [561] | Isabel Motta de Ramery, director; bi-monthly. [561] | |
El Boletín Parroquial [238] | Ponce [562] | 1922 (Aug 15) [238] | 1926 (Jul) [238] | Padre Florencio Garcia Paul, director. Catholic weekly. [238] | |
El Obrero de Ponce [485] | Ponce [563] | 1923 (Apr 15) [485] | 1924 (May 4) [485] | Socialist Party weekly; Sandalio E. Alonso, director. [564] | |
El Dependiente [565] | Ponce [566] | 1923 (Aug) [565] | P. V. Martinez, director; official organ of the Asociación de Empleados de Comercio. [565] Weekly. [567] | ||
El Nacionalista de Ponce [514] | Ponce [568] | 1923 (c.) [514] | 1928 [514] | Official organ of the Partido Nacionalista de Puerto Rico in Ponce. [514] Weekly; Ramon Mayoral Barnes, director-editor. [569] | |
El Hípico de Ponce [570] | Ponce [571] | 1924 (c.) [570] | Carlos Caballero, director; weekly. [570] | ||
La Tribuna: diario socialista [572] [497] | Ponce [573] | 1925 (Aug 13) [497] [574] | 1969 (c.) [lower-alpha 75] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.17 (Sep 1925) to v.4, no.727 (Mar 1929)). [575] | Daily. Moises Echevarria, director. [497] |
El Liberal: semanario politico-aliancista [576] | Ponce [577] | 1926 (Dec 17) [576] | Manuel Mayoral Barnes, director. [578] E. Ramos Antonini and Joaquin Tellechea, editors. [576] | ||
Hoja Parroquial de Ponce [570] | Ponce [579] | 1926 (c.) [570] | 1928 [570] | Padres Paules, directors. [570] | |
Luminarias [452] | Ponce [580] | 1926 (c.) [452] | Jose Norat Rodriguez, director; a monthly magazine. [452] | ||
Las Escuelas de Ponce: periódico defensor de la instrucción publica, democrática y gratuita para niños [581] [lower-alpha 76] | Ponce [582] | 1927 (c.) [581] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.10 (24 Jun 1927). [583] | Eugenio Lecompte, director. [584] | |
Ariel [585] | Ponce [586] | 1928 (c.) [585] | Domingo Candelario, director; monthly magazine of the Ponce High School. [585] | ||
El Intransigente [587] | Ponce [588] | 1929 (Jan) [587] | 1935 (c.) [587] | Eduardo Ramu, directors; independent nationalist weekly. [587] | |
Revista Comercial de Puerto Rico [503] | Ponce [589] | 1929 (Mar 1) [503] | Jesus Maria Benitez y Manuel Mayoral Barnes, directors; bimonthly. [503] | ||
Rayo de Luz [506] | Ponce [590] | 1929 (c.) [506] | 1930 (c.) [506] | Mariano Gautier, founder; Juan I. Saliva, director; bimonthly spiritualist weekly. [506] | |
El Nacionalista de Puerto Rico [514] | Ponce [591] | 1930 (Aug 1) [514] | Pedro Albizu Campos and A. Gonzalez Orona, directors. [514] | ||
Heraldo Latino [592] | Ponce [593] | 1930 [592] | Jose Obdulio Colon, director; monthly magazine presenting communist doctrines; became a weekly under the directorship of A. M. Saavedra. [592] | ||
La Voz del Pueblo [460] | Ponce [594] | 1930 [460] | Salomon Rosario, director. [460] | ||
Nuevo Ambiente [262] | Ponce [595] | 1930 (c.) [262] | Bienvenido G. Camacho, director; weekly. [262] | ||
La Barra [596] | Ponce [597] | 1930 (c.) [596] | R. Castillo Lozano, director; Luis Fortuño Janeiro, administrador; political weekly. [596] | ||
El Brujo [598] | Ponce [599] | 1930 (c.) [598] | R. Martinez Campos, director; brief satirical weekly. [598] | ||
El Combate [128] | Ponce [600] | 1931 (Jan 24) [128] | Luis Justiniano, director; weekly; supported the philosophy of the Partido Republicano Puro political party. [128] | ||
La Fricción [601] | Ponce [602] | 1931 (Aug 6) [601] | R. Martinez Campos, director; weekly. [601] | ||
Patria [603] | Ponce [604] | 1931 (Sep 1) [603] | Jose Elias Levi, director; literary weekly; "barely circulated". [603] | ||
Habana News [605] | Ponce [606] | 1931 (Oct) [605] | Published by Teatro Habana; M. Gonzalez, director. [605] | ||
El Liberal: semanario politico ilustrado [576] | Ponce [607] | 1932 (Sept) [576] | Joaquin del Llano, director; illustrated political weekly. [576] | ||
La Chispa [274] | Ponce [608] | 1932 (Oct 9) [274] | Carlos Q. Georgetti, director; political daily. [274] | ||
La Gaceta [609] | Ponce [610] | 1933 (Feb 4) [609] | Print copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [611] | Ernesto Santana, director; impartial weekly. [612] | |
El Derecho [362] | Ponce [613] | 1933 (Apr) [362] | Guardia de Honor de la Union Republicana, editors; published with irregular frequency. [362] | ||
Ecos del Sur [614] | Ponce [615] | 1933 (Jun) [614] | Eusebio Rodriguez Martinez, director; was a political weekly until 2 January 1934 when it became a daily. [614] | ||
La Gaceta Comunista [609] | Ponce [616] | 1933 (Aug) [609] | Miguel Bahamonde, director. [609] | ||
Modern Business College Review [409] | Ponce [617] | 1933 (Dec 18) [409] | Ligia Pietri Salas, director; bimonthly. [409] | ||
Movietonets [618] | Ponce [619] | 1934 (Jan) [618] | M. Gonzalez de Lamair, director. [618] A cinematographic paper. [620] | ||
La Opinión: periódico politico informativo [621] | Ponce [622] | 1934 (Apr 14) [621] | Antonio Mirabal, director; weekly. [621] | ||
El Mensajero Dominical [623] | Ponce [624] | 1934 (Apr) [623] | A publication of the Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad; a weekly but published irregularly. [623] | ||
El Detallista [362] | Ponce [625] | 1934 (May 7) [362] | Defender of the retailers; Eusebio Rodriguez Martinez, director; weekly. [362] | ||
La Bandera Liberal [626] | Ponce [627] | 1934 (Jun 9) [626] | Supported the philosophy of the Liberal Party of Puerto Rico political party; weekly; Eloy Rentas Torres, director. [626] | ||
Cine Parlante [555] | Ponce [628] | 1934 (Aug 9) [555] | Cinematic bimonthly. [555] | ||
Puerto Rico Comercial [629] | Ponce [630] | 1934 (Oct 1) [629] | Jose de la Cruz, director; bimonthly. [629] | ||
Mi Compañero [465] | Ponce [631] | 1934 (Nov 10) [465] | School weekly; Lorenza Brunet, director. [465] | ||
Rojo y Negro [632] | Ponce [633] | 1934 (c.) [632] | Organ of the Asociación de Cronistas Deportivos Escolares; Luis E. Ramos, director. [632] | ||
La Defensa del pueblo: periódico afirmacionista – defensor de los intereses del pueblo [634] | Ponce | 1935 (Dec) [634] | Print copies are available at Archivo General de Puerto Rico (v.1, no.1 (Dic 1935) to v.1, no.2 (Jan 1936)). [84] | ||
La Simiente: semanario nacionalista de información general [100] | Ponce | 1935 (c.) [100] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.24 (30 September 1935)). [101] | Weekly. Defender of Puerto Rico's independence. [396] | |
La Revista Gráfica del Sur | Ponce | 1939 [635] | 1945 | Weekly; [635] José A. Lanauze Rolón and Joaquín Gil de La Madrid Padilla, founders. | |
Puerto Rico World Journal | San Juan | 1940 [28] | |||
Germinal: periódico de ideas, doctrinas y combate [636] | Ponce | 1941 (c.) [636] | Print copies are available UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.4 (Jun 1941) to v.2, no.24 (Apr 1942)). [637] | ||
Prensa libre: semanario de combate e intercambio intelectual panamericano [638] | Ponce | 1944 (Sep) [638] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (Sep 1944) to v.1, no.13 (Dec 1944)). [639] | Weekly | |
El Universal | San Juan | 1947 (c.) | 1948 | Digitized copies available at Colección Puertorriqueña. | |
San Juan Star | San Juan [15] | 1959 | 2008 [640] [641] | Printed copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [642] | Daily (island-wide). Published 5 days a week; English-language. |
Entre Nosotros: órgano intergrupal de los cursos del Profesor Carlos Mendez Santos [581] | Ponce | 1969 (c.) [581] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.3, no.6 (Nov. 1972) to v.9, no.16 (Apr-May 1980)). [583] | ||
SUR: boletín del Ateneo de Ponce | Ponce [643] | 1972 (c.) [643] | |||
La Opinión de Ponce: analiza la vida puertorriqueña [375] | Ponce | 1973 (c.) [375] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.2, no.48 (Sep 1974) to v.3, no.72 (Mar 1975)). [379] | Ramon Quiñones. Apparently issued twice per month. [375] | |
El Regional del Sur: al servicio de la comunidad [456] | Ponce | 1973 (c.) [456] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.6 (May 1973) to v.1, no.7 (May 1973)). [644] | ||
El País: primer periódico social, cívico, cultural y deportivo de Puerto Rico [63] | Ponce | 1974 (c.) [63] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Feb 1975) to v.2, no.6 (May 1975)); and Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.Unknown, no.Unknown (Feb 1975) to v.2, no.6 (May 1975)). [66] | ||
El Tiempo: el periódico de Ponce [645] | Ponce | 1977 (May 1) [645] | Print copies are available at UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.Unknown (1 May 1977)); and Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.1, no.1 (May 1977) to v.1, no.2 (May 1977)). [646] | ||
La Estrella del Sur | San Juan | 1978 (Oct) | 1980 (Aug) [647] | Print copies are available at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico Library (Unknown holdings). [527] | |
Ponce al Dia | Ponce | 1979 (Nov 7) [648] | Print copies are available at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico Library (7 nov 1979-on). [649] | ||
El Reportero: diario independiente de la tarde [650] [ self-published source? ] | San Juan [651] | 1980 | 1987 | Digitized copies available at Coleccion Puertorriqueña. Printed copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [652] | |
La Estrella Norte | Arecibo | 1983 (c.) | 2015 [653] | ||
La Estrella Oeste | Mayagüez | 1983 (c.) | 2015 [653] | ||
ACR Informa [654] | Ponce [655] | 1984 (Sep c.) [656] | Print copies are available at the UCPR, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdez (v.1 n.2 (Sept 1984)). [491] | PUCPR, Biblioteca Encarnacion Valdes? | |
La Fuente: la fuente informativa del area del sur [657] | Ponce | 1985 (c.) [657] | Print copies are available UPR-JML Library (v.2, no.7 (Jan-Feb 1986) to v. 2, no. 8 (Mar 1986)), Carnegie Library (v.1, no. 2 (Mar 1899) to v.1, no.5 (Nov 1885)) to ?; Biblioteca General de Puerto Rico (v.2, no.7 (Ene-Feb 1986), Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.1, no.1 (May 1885) to 8 May 1986)). [658] | Weekly [657] | |
La Raza [659] | Ponce | 1986 (Apr) [659] | Print copies are available at Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.1, no.1 (Apr 1986) to v.1, no.4 (Apr 1986)). [458] | ||
El Sureño: periódico del sur [660] [661] | Ponce | 1986 (c.) [660] | Print copies are available at Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico, Biblioteca Encarnación Valdes (v.2, no.1 (May 1986)) [662] and 1–15 April 1986. [661] | ||
La Epoca [581] | Ponce | 1986 (Apr 6) [581] | Print copies are available at the UPR-JML Library (v.1, no.1 (6 April 1986). [583] | ||
El Ponce Star [663] | San Juan | 1998 (2 Feb) [lower-alpha 77] | 2008 (29 Aug) [lower-alpha 78] | Print copies are available at Archivo Histórico Municipal de Ponce (entire printed collection) [664] | Daily. This paper was the Ponce edition of The San Juan Star was had island-wide circulation. |
Title | Locale | Year est. | Year ceased | Availability | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Puerto Rico Daily Sun | San Juan | 2008 | |||
El Sur a la Vista [665] | Ponce [666] | 2009 (Oct) | 2012 (Jan c.) [667] | Regional [665] Online. |
These are defunct papers not published in Puerto Rico for political reasons.
Title | Locale | Year est. | Year ceased | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Boletín de la Revolución | New York | c. 1869 | c. 1869 | Digitized copies available at Coleccion Puertorriqueña |
The media of Puerto Rico includes local radio stations, television stations and newspapers; for the majority of all these the language is Spanish. There are also three stations of the US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service.
Luis Germán Cajiga is Puerto Rican painter, poet and essayist known for his screen printing depicting Puerto Rico's natural landscape, its creole culture, and religious motifs. He was born in 1934, in the municipality of Quebradillas, Puerto Rico, and his studio is currently based in the Old San Juan.
Emilio Fagot was a Puerto Rican politician and Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico, from 1 January 1929 to 1 January 1933.
Olimpio Otero Vergés was a merchant, attorney, composer, musical editor, and a civic leader in Ponce, Puerto Rico.
Rafael Rivera Esbrí was Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico from 1915 to 1917.
José de Guzmán Benítez was Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico, from 28 February 1901 until 1902. José de Guzmán Benítez is best known for his 1899 campaign initiative, presented to the people of Puerto Rico, asking for the creation of a pro-American political party.
Santiago Oppenheimer Van Rhyn was the Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico in 1906. He was also a member of the House of Delegates of Puerto Rico.
Antonio Arias Suñé was the mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico from 1903 to 1904.
Emilio J. Pasarell (1891–1974) was a Puerto Rican short story writer, novelist, essayist and historian.
Luis Porrata-Doría Martin was Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico from 11 November 1898 to 12 September 1899. He is best remembered for his forced resignation as mayor following his municipal government's poor response to the catastrophic Category 5 San Ciriaco hurricane that occurred during his administration.
Juan José Cartagena was Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico, from April 1876 to 4 July 1879, and again from February 1881 to October 1881.
José Lloréns Echevarría was Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico, for three days, from 8 November 1898 to 10 November 1898.
El Ponceño, founded in 1852, was the first newspaper published in Ponce, Puerto Rico. The paper was originally named "El Observador Ponceño" but it was shortened to "El Ponceño".
The Justas de Atletismo y Festival Deportivo de Puerto Rico —better known as Las Justas Intercolegiales or simply as Las Justas — is an intercollegiate sports competition held annually in Puerto Rico where Puerto Rican colleges and universities compete against each other in different sports. The event is sponsored by the Liga Atlética Interuniversitaria de Puerto Rico (LAI). The event usually include competitions in softball, basketball, beach volleyball, judo, table tennis, swimming, cheerleading, women's football, and athletics.
The Monumento a los héroes de El Polvorín is a monument at Plaza Las Delicias in Ponce, Puerto Rico, dedicated to the seven fire fighters and one civilian that subdued the flames of the "El Polvorin" fire on the night of 25 January 1899.
Antonio E. Molina was one of five interim mayors of Ponce, Puerto Rico, during the six-month period of 14 February 1854 to 24 July 1854.
Fuerte de San José, also known as Fuerte de la Playa de Ponce, was an 18th-19th-century Spanish fortress located in Barrio Playa in the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico. It was part of a three-fort system design to defend the Port of Ponce, the Barrio Playa seaport village and the City of Ponce from seaborne attacks. However, only two of the three fortifications materialized, with Fuerte San José being the largest and most complete. The fort was in operation 125 years, from 1760 to 20 March 1885, and was demolished in 1907 by order of the Puerto Rico Legislature to make room for the growing civilian population of Barrio Playa. Fuerte de San José has been compared to Fortín de San Gerónimo in San Juan, in terms of design, purpose and size.
Carlos Eusebio de Ayo was Mayor of Ponce, Puerto Rico, from 12 April 1890 - 2 January 1893.
Partido was a Spanish colonial term that referred to a governed local administrative region, roughly equivalent to today's municipality in terms of rural land areas included, and used in the Spanish colonies in the Americas during the times of the Spanish Empire. It was "the territory or district composed of a jurisdiction or administration from a main city."
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