The Royal Victorian Order is an order of knighthood awarded by the sovereign of the United Kingdom and several Commonwealth realms. It is granted personally by the monarch and recognises personal service to the monarchy, the Royal Household, royal family members, and the organisation of important royal events. [1] [2] The order was officially created and instituted on 23 April 1896 by letters patent under the Great Seal of the Realm by Queen Victoria. [3] The order has had five grades since its institution, the two highest of which confer the status of knighthood on holders (apart from foreigners, who typically received honorary awards not entitling them to the style of a knight). [4] [5] [6] Women were not admitted until Edward VIII altered the statutes of the order in 1936. [7] The order has five statutory officers—Grand Master, Chancellor, Secretary, Registrar and Chaplain—as well as a non-statutory Honorary Genealogist.
The order has had a chancellor and a secretary since it was founded; the former office is held ex officio by the Lord Chamberlain of the Royal Household, while the office of secretary has been held ex officio by the Keeper of the Privy Purse (except for the years 1936 to 1943 when the King's Private Secretary was also the order's secretary). The order has had a registrar since 1916; the first appointee was the Secretary of the Private Secretary's Office, Sir Francis Morgan Bryant, while his two successors were Secretaries to the Privy Purse; since 1936, the Registrar has always been the Secretary of the Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood. On 1 February 1937, King George VI appointed his Queen, Elizabeth (later the Queen Mother) as the order's inaugural Grand Master; after her death in 2002, the office fell vacant until Elizabeth II appointed her daughter, Princess Anne, Princess Royal, Grand Master. The Savoy Chapel was made the order's chapel in 1938 and its chaplain has also been ex officio the order's chaplain ever since. Since 1938, the order has also had an Honorary Genealogist, who has also been an Officer of Arms, although appointees are not technically officers of the order, there being no provision for it in the statutes. [8]
Name | Dates | Ref. |
---|---|---|
Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, LG, LT, CI, GCVO, GBE, GCStJ, RRC, ONZ, CC, CD | 1937–2002 | [9] [10] |
The Princess Anne, Princess Royal, KG, KT, GCVO, GCStJ, ADC(P), QSO, CMM, CD, GCL | 2007–present | [11] |
Name | Dates | Ref. |
---|---|---|
The 1st Earl of Lathom, GCB, PC | 1896–1898 | [9] |
The 7th Earl of Hopetoun, KT, GCVO, GCMG, PC (Later Marquess of Linlithgow) | 1898–1900 | [9] |
The 5th Earl of Clarendon, GCB, GCVO, PC, DL | 1900–1905 | [9] |
Colonel The 6th Earl Spencer, KG, GCVO, VD, PC | 1905–1912 | [9] |
The 1st Viscount Sandhurst, GCB, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, PC | 1912–1921 | [9] |
Brigadier General The 8th Duke of Atholl, KT, GCVO, CB, DSO, PC, ADC | 1921–1922 | [9] |
The 2nd Earl of Cromer, GCB, GCIE, GCVO, PC, ADC | 1922–1938 | [9] |
The 6th Earl of Clarendon, KG, GCMG, GCVO, PC, DL | 1938–1952 | [9] |
Major General The 11th Earl of Scarbrough, KG, GCSI, GCIE, GCVO, TD, PC, DL | 1952–1963 | [9] |
The 1st Lord Cobbold, KG, GCVO, PC, DL | 1963–1971 | [9] |
The Lord Maclean, KT, GCVO, KBE, PC | 1971–1984 | [9] |
Captain The 13th Earl of Airlie, KT, GCVO, PC, JP | 1984–1997 | [9] |
The 7th Lord Camoys, GCVO, PC, DL | 1998–2000 | |
The Lord Luce, KG, GCVO, PC, DL | 2000–2006 | |
The 3rd Earl Peel, GCVO, PC, DL | 2006–2021 | |
The Lord Parker of Minsmere, GCVO, KCB, PC | 2021–present |
Name | Dates | Ref. |
---|---|---|
Lieutenant Colonel Sir Fleetwood Edwards, GCVO, KCB, ISO | 1896–1901 | [12] |
General Sir Dighton Probyn, VC, GCB, GCSI, GCVO, ISO, PC | 1901–1910 | [12] |
Lieutenant Colonel Sir William Carington, GCVO, KCB, PC, JP | 1910–1914 | [12] |
Lieutenant Colonel Sir Frederick Ponsonby, GCB, GCVO, PC (later The Lord Sysonby) | 1914–1935 | [12] |
Colonel The 1st Lord Wigram, GCB, GCVO, CSI, PC | 1935–1936 | [12] |
Major Sir Alexander Hardinge, GCB, GCVO, MC, PC (later The 2nd Lord Hardinge of Penshurst) | 1936–1943 | [12] |
Sir Ulick Alexander, GCB, GCVO, CMG, OBE | 1943–1952 | [12] |
Brigadier The 2nd Lord Tyron, GCVO, KCB, DSO, DL | 1952–1971 | [12] |
Major Sir Rennie Maudslay, GCVO, KCB, MBE | 1971–1987 | [12] |
Sir Peter Miles, KCVO | 1981–1987 | [12] |
Major Sir Shane Blewitt, GCVO | 1988–1996 | [12] |
Sir Michael Peat, GCVO | 1996–2002 | [12] [13] |
Sir Philip Alan Reid, GCVO | 2002–2017 | [14] |
Sir Michael Stevens, KCVO | 2017–present |
Name | Dates | Ref. |
---|---|---|
Sir Francis Morgan Bryant, CB, CVO, CBE, ISO | 1916–1931 | [12] |
Rear Admiral Philip John Hawkins Lander Row, CB, CVO | 1931–1932 | [12] |
Commander Dudley Colles, KCB, KCVO, OBE | 1932–1936 | [12] |
Major Sir Henry Hudson Fraser Stockley, KCVO, OBE | 1936–1946 | [15] |
Brigadier Sir Ivan de la Bere, KCVO, CB, CBE | 1946–1960 | [15] |
Major General Sir Cyril Harry Colquhoun, KCVO, CB, OBE | 1960–1968 | [15] |
Major General Sir Peter Bernard Gillett, KCVO, CB, CBE | 1968–1979 | [15] |
Major General Sir Desmond Hind Garrett Rice, KCVO, CBE | 1980–1991 | [15] |
Lieutenant Colonel Walter Ross, GCVO, OBE, GCStJ, DL | 1989–1991 | [15] |
Lieutenant Colonel Anthony Charles McClure Mather, CBE | 1991–1999 | [15] [16] |
Lieutenant Colonel Robert Guy Cartwright | 1999–2005 | [17] |
Lieutenant Colonel Sir Alexander Fergus Matheson, Bt. | 2005–2014 | [18] |
Lieutenant Colonel James Vernon | 2014–2019 | [19] [20] |
Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Segrave | 2019–present | [21] |
Name | Dates | Ref. |
---|---|---|
The Rev. Cyril Leonard Cresswell, KCVO | 1938–1961 | [15] |
The Rev. Roger Lewis Roberts, CVO | 1961–1973 | [15] |
The Rev. Cecil Edwin Young | 1973–1983 | [15] |
The Rev. John Herbert Williams, LVO | 1983–1989 | [15] |
The Rev. John Phillips Robson, LVO | 1989–2002 | [15] [22] |
The Rev. Prebendary William Sievwright Scott, CVO | 2002–2007 | [23] |
The Rev. Prof. Peter John Galloway, LVO, OBE, KStJ, JP, FSA | 2008–2019 | [24] [25] |
The Rev. Thomas Woodhouse | 2019–present | [26] |
Name | Dates | Ref. |
---|---|---|
Captain Alfred Butler, MVO, MC | 1938–1946 | [15] |
Squadron Leader Sir George Bellew, KCB, KCVO, KStJ | 1946–1960 | [15] |
Major The 17th Lord Sinclair, LVO, DL | 1960–1968 | [15] |
Sir Walter Verco, KCVO | 1968–1987 | [15] |
Hubert Chesshyre, FSA, FHS | 1987–2010 | [15] [27] |
David White, OStJ | 2010–present | [28] |
In the United Kingdom and the British Overseas Territories, personal bravery, achievement, or service are rewarded with honours. The honours system consists of three types of award:
The Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is a British order of chivalry, rewarding contributions to the arts and sciences, work with charitable and welfare organizations, and public service outside the civil service. It was established on 4 June 1917 by King George V and comprises five classes across both civil and military divisions, the most senior two of which make the recipient either a knight if male or dame if female. There is also the related British Empire Medal, whose recipients are affiliated with, but not members of, the order.
The Most Honourable Order of the Bath is a British order of chivalry founded by King George I on 18 May 1725. Recipients of the Order are usually senior military officers or senior civil servants, and the monarch awards it on the advice of His Majesty's Government. The name derives from an elaborate medieval ceremony for preparing a candidate to receive his knighthood, of which ritual bathing was an element. While not all knights went through such an elaborate ceremony, knights so created were known as "knights of the Bath".
The Royal Victorian Order is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896 by Queen Victoria. It recognises distinguished personal service to the monarch, members of the royal family, or to any viceroy or senior representative of the monarch. The present monarch, King Charles III, is the sovereign of the order. The order's motto is Victoria. The order's official day is 20 June. The order's chapel is the Savoy Chapel in London.
A chapel royal is an establishment in the British and Canadian royal households serving the spiritual needs of the sovereign and the royal family.
A royal peculiar is a Church of England parish or church exempt from the jurisdiction of the diocese and the province in which it lies, and subject to the direct jurisdiction of the monarch.
The Central Chancery of the Orders of Knighthood, or simply the Central Chancery, is an office of the Lord Chamberlain's department within the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for the administration of orders of chivalry and some aspects of honours in general. It does not deal with nominations or decisions on appointments, but rather administers the appointment procedures and investitures, and provides the insignia. It is a small office, with eight staff in 2019.
Sir Iain Richard Torrance, is a retired Church of Scotland minister, theologian and academic. He is Pro-Chancellor of the University of Aberdeen, Honorary Professor of Early Christian Doctrine and Ethics at the University of Edinburgh, President and Professor of Patristics Emeritus at Princeton Theological Seminary, and an Extra Chaplain to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in Scotland. He was formerly Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, Dean of the Chapel Royal in Scotland, and Dean of the Order of the Thistle. He is married to Morag Ann, whom he met while they were students at the University of St Andrews, and they have two children.
David Hubert Boothby Chesshyre was a British officer of arms.
The King's Chapel of St John the Baptist in the Precinct of the Savoy, also known as the King's Chapel of the Savoy, is a church in the City of Westminster, London. Facing it are 111 Strand, the Savoy Hotel, the Institution of Engineering and Technology and – across the green to its side – the east side of Savoy Street. The chapel is designated as a Grade II* listed building.
Peter John Galloway,, is an Anglican priest and writer about British orders of chivalry as well as ecclesiastical and architectural history.