List of tallest freestanding steel structures

This is a list of tallest freestanding steel structures in the world past and present. To be a freestanding steel structure it must not be supported by guy wires, the list therefore does not include guyed masts and the main vertical and lateral structural elements and floor systems in the case of buildings, are constructed from steel. This type of construction is a rarity today as most tall buildings are built with a composite structure featuring a reinforced concrete core.

Oil platforms built using rigid steel jackets, such as the Bullwinkle (oil platform), are included and ranked as the local medium(water) does not provide any horizontal support. In fact they are over engineered specifically to resist water forces them rather than modulate them as compliant towers are designed to do.^{[ citation needed ]}

Demolished structures and structures under construction are also included but not ranked.

Steel Structures (above 275 m / 900 ft in height)

  indicates a structures no longer standing.
  indicates a structure built in water.

• For all structures the pinnacle height is given meaning it includes both spires and antennas as long as they are built of steel.

Rank	Name	Pinnacle height (metres / feet)		Year	Type	Main use	Country	City	Remarks	Coordinates
1	Tokyo Skytree	634	2,080	2012	Lattice tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Japan	Tokyo	Tallest structure in Japan. Tallest tower in the world. Inclusion on the list is somewhat arguable as it is not entirely a steel structure. While the external steel lattice does provide most of the structural support, the tower does also has a concrete core. The two are structurally separated from each other and the concrete core and steel frame compensate each other and reduce the overall motion of the building during dynamic events such as earthquakes. [1]	35°42′36.5″N139°48′39″E / 35.710139°N 139.81083°E / 35.710139; 139.81083
2	Bullwinkle Platform	529	1,736	1989	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico	When built the Bullwinkle platform was the second tallest freestanding structure in the world after the CN Tower.
3	Willis Tower (formerly Sears Tower)	527.0	1,729	1974	Skyscraper	Office, observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	Chicago	Tallest building in the world 1974–1998 (by structural height).	41°52′44.1″N87°38′10.2″W / 41.878917°N 87.636167°W / 41.878917; -87.636167
	World Trade Center (1973–2001)	526.7 [2]	1,728	1973	Skyscraper	Office, observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	New York City	Destroyed on 11 September 2001. Tallest freestanding structure that no longer exists. Tallest building in the world 1972–1974.	40°42′42″N74°00′45″W / 40.71167°N 74.01250°W / 40.71167; -74.01250
4	Pompano Platform	477	1,565	1994	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico
5	John Hancock Center	457.2	1,500	1969	Skyscraper	Office, residential, FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	Chicago	World's tallest mixed-use building 1969–2008.	41°53′55.68″N87°37′22.8″W / 41.8988000°N 87.623000°W / 41.8988000; -87.623000
6	Empire State Building	449	1,474	1931	Skyscraper	Office, observation, UHF/VHF-transmission	United States	New York City	Tallest freestanding structure 1931–1967. Tallest skyscraper 1931–1973. First Skyscraper with 100+ stories.	40°44′54.0″N73°59′09″W / 40.748333°N 73.98583°W / 40.748333; -73.98583
7	Harmony Platform [3]	366	1,200	1992	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	South Korea [4] [ circular reference ]	California	Height is only to water level, total height between 1,400 to 1,500 ft, built in South Korea
8	One Vanderbilt	427	1,401	2020	Skyscraper	Office, observation	United States	New York City		40°45′11″N73°58′43″W / 40.7530°N 73.9785°W / 40.7530; -73.9785
9	JPMorgan Chase World Headquarters	423	1,388	u/c	Skyscraper	Office, observation	United States	New York City
	Two World Trade Center (1973–2001)	415.3	1,362	1973	Skyscraper	Office, observation	United States	New York City	Destroyed on 11 September 2001.	40°42′42″N74°00′45″W / 40.71167°N 74.01250°W / 40.71167; -74.01250
10	Coelacanth Platform [5]	400	1,312	2016	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico
11	Virgo Platform [3]	344	1,130	1999	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico	Height is only to water level, total height between 1,300 to 1,400 ft
12	Heritage Platform [3]	326	1,070	1992	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	South Korea [6] [ circular reference ]	California	Height is only to water level, total height between 1,300 to 1,400 ft, built in South Korea
13	30 Hudson Yards	395	1,296	2019	Skyscraper	Office, observation, retail	United States	New York City	Has the highest outdoor observation deck in the Western Hemisphere.	40°45′17″N74°00′14″W / 40.754661°N 74.003783°W / 40.754661; -74.003783
14	Zhongyuan Tower	388	1,273	2010	Steel tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	China	Zhengzhou		34°43′29″N113°43′22″E / 34.72472°N 113.72278°E / 34.72472; 113.72278
15	Cognac Platform [7]	385.5	1,265	1977	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico
16 tie	Kyiv TV Tower	385	1,263	1973	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	Ukraine	Kyiv		50°28′16″N30°27′12″E / 50.47111°N 30.45333°E / 50.47111; 30.45333
16 tie	Yangtze River Crossing Jiangyin #2 North Tower [8]	385	1,263	2022	Lattice Tower	Electricity pylon	China	Jiangyin	Tallest pylons in the world	31°58′17″N120°3′12″E / 31.97139°N 120.05333°E / 31.97139; 120.05333
16 tie	Yangtze River Crossing Jiangyin #2 South Tower	385	1,263	2022	Lattice Tower	Electricity pylon	China	Jiangyin		31°58′17″N120°3′12″E / 31.97139°N 120.05333°E / 31.97139; 120.05333
19 tie	Jintang and Cezi islands Overhead Powerline Tie, East Tower [9]	380	1,247	2019	Lattice Tower	Electricity pylon	China	Jintang Island	Second tallest set of electricity pylons in the world
19 tie	Jintang and Cezi islands Overhead Powerline Tie, West tower	380	1,247	2019	Lattice Tower	Electricity pylon	China	Jintang Island
21	Tuntex Sky Tower	378	1,240	1997	Skyscraper	Hotel, office, observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Taiwan	Kaohsiung		22°36′42″N120°18′0″E / 22.61167°N 120.30000°E / 22.61167; 120.30000
22	Tashkent Tower	374.9	1,230	1984	Steel tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Uzbekistan	Tashkent		41°20′44.05″N69°17′4.57″E / 41.3455694°N 69.2846028°E / 41.3455694; 69.2846028
23	Almaty Tower	371.5	1,219	1983	Steel tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Kazakhstan	Almaty	Tallest free-standing tubular steel structure.	43°13′44″N76°58′34″E / 43.22889°N 76.97611°E / 43.22889; 76.97611
24 tie	Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie North Tower	370	1,214	2010	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon	China	Zhoushan Island		29°56′2.78″N122°2′10.12″E / 29.9341056°N 122.0361444°E / 29.9341056; 122.0361444
24 tie	Zhoushan Island Overhead Powerline Tie South Tower	370	1,214	2010	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon	China	Zhoushan Island	Second tallest set of electricity pylons in the world	29°54′41.39″N122°1′26.38″E / 29.9114972°N 122.0239944°E / 29.9114972; 122.0239944
26	Riga Radio and TV Tower	368.5	1,209	1987	Steel tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Latvia	Riga	Tallest structure in the European Union.	56°55′26″N24°08′14″E / 56.92389°N 24.13722°E / 56.92389; 24.13722
27	Amberjack Platform [3]	314	1,030	1991	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico	Height is only to water level, total height between 1,200 to 1,300 ft
28	Aon Center	362.5	1,189	1973	Skyscraper	Office	United States	Chicago		41°53′07″N87°37′17″W / 41.88528°N 87.62139°W / 41.88528; -87.62139
	Taipei Twin Towers 1	360	1,181	2025	Skyscraper	Office	Taiwan	Taipei
29	First Canadian Place	355	1,165	1975	Skyscraper	Office, FM/TV-broadcasting	Canada	Toronto	Tallest skyscraper in Canada	43°38′55″N79°22′54″W / 43.64861°N 79.38167°W / 43.64861; -79.38167
30	Hondo Platform [10]	354.5	1,163	1976	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico
31 tie	Yangtze River Crossing North Tower	347	1,138	2003	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon	China	Jiangyin		31°58′17″N120°3′12″E / 31.97139°N 120.05333°E / 31.97139; 120.05333
31 tie	Yangtze River Crossing South Tower	347	1,138	2003	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon	China	Jiangyin		31°57′4″N120°2′53″E / 31.95111°N 120.04806°E / 31.95111; 120.04806
33	The Center	346	1,135	1998	Skyscraper	Office	Hong Kong	Hong Kong		22°17′05″N114°09′16″E / 22.28472°N 114.15444°E / 22.28472; 114.15444
34	4 Times Square	340.7	1,118	2000	Skyscraper	Office	United States	New York City		40°45′21″N73°59′09″W / 40.75583°N 73.98583°W / 40.75583; -73.98583
35	Dragon Tower	336	1,102	2000	Lattice tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	China	Harbin		45°44′45.55″N126°40′28″E / 45.7459861°N 126.67444°E / 45.7459861; 126.67444
36	Tokyo Tower	332.6	1,091	1958	Lattice tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Japan	Tokyo	Second tallest structure in Japan	35°39′31″N139°44′44″E / 35.65861°N 139.74556°E / 35.65861; 139.74556
37	Minsheng Bank Building	331	1,087	2007	Skyscraper	Office	China	Wuhan		30°35′49″N114°16′05″E / 30.597°N 114.268°E / 30.597; 114.268
38	WITI TV Tower	329.4	1,081	1962	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	Shorewood (Milwaukee), Wisconsin		43°05′26″N87°53′50″W / 43.09056°N 87.89722°W / 43.09056; -87.89722
39 tie	Cerveza Platform [11]	327	1,073	1981	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico
39 tie	Cerveza Light Platform [11]	327	1,073	1981	Rigid Steel Jacket (truss tower)	Oil Rig	United States	Gulf of Mexico
41 tie	St. Petersburg TV Tower	326	1,070	1962	Lattice tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	Russia	St. Petersburg		59°58′36″N30°19′15″E / 59.97667°N 30.32083°E / 59.97667; 30.32083
41 tie	Linyi Radio and TV Tower [12]	326	1,070	2010	Steel tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting, Amusement ride	China	Linyi		35°4′52″N118°21′44″E / 35.08111°N 118.36222°E / 35.08111; 118.36222
43	Eiffel Tower	324	1,063	1889	Lattice tower	Observation, FM/TV-broadcasting	France	Paris	Tallest structure in the world from 1889 to 1930; first structure to exceed 300 metres in height	48°51′29.6″N2°17′40.2″E / 48.858222°N 2.294500°E / 48.858222; 2.294500
44	WHDH-TV Tower	323.8	1,062	1960	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	United States	Newton, Massachusetts		42°18′41″N71°12′58″W / 42.31139°N 71.21611°W / 42.31139; -71.21611
45	Chrysler Building	319	1,046	1930	Skyscraper	Office	United States	New York City	Tallest structure in the world 1930–1931	40°45′06″N73°58′31″W / 40.75167°N 73.97528°W / 40.75167; -73.97528
46	New York Times Building	319	1,046	2007	Skyscraper	Office	United States	New York City		40°45′23″N73°59′24″W / 40.75639°N 73.99000°W / 40.75639; -73.99000
47	KCTV Broadcast Tower	317.6	1,042	1956	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	United States	Kansas City		39°04′15″N94°34′58″W / 39.07083°N 94.58278°W / 39.07083; -94.58278
48	The Spiral	314	1,041	u/c	Skyscraper	Office, observation	United States	New York City
	Turner Broadcasting tower (1967-2010)	314.3	1,031	1980	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	United States	Atlanta, Georgia	Demolished in 2010	33°46′57″N84°23′19″W / 33.7825°N 84.388611°W / 33.7825; -84.388611
49	TV Tower Yerevan	311.7	1,023	1977	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	Armenia	Yerevan		40°10′16.64″N44°32′10.77″E / 40.1712889°N 44.5363250°E / 40.1712889; 44.5363250
50	U.S. Bank Tower	311	1,018	1990	Skyscraper	Office	United States	Los Angeles		34°03′04″N118°15′15″W / 34.0510°N 118.2542°W / 34.0510; -118.2542
51	Fazilka TV Tower	304.8	1,000	2007	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	India	Fazilka		30°23′44.42″N74°1′57.87″E / 30.3956722°N 74.0327417°E / 30.3956722; 74.0327417
52	Wells Fargo Plaza	302	992	1983	Skyscraper	Office	United States	Houston		29°45′30″N95°22′06″W / 29.7584396°N 95.3682630°W / 29.7584396; -95.3682630
53 tie	Mumbai Television Tower	300	984	1972	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	India	Mumbai		19°00′26″N72°49′12″E / 19.00722°N 72.82000°E / 19.00722; 72.82000
53 tie	Abeno Harukas	300	984	2014	Skyscraper	Office, Observation	Japan	Osaka	Tallest skyscraper in Japan. [13]	34°38′45.6″N135°30′48.2″E / 34.646000°N 135.513389°E / 34.646000; 135.513389
55	Sutro Tower	297.8	977	1973	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	San Francisco, California		37°45′19″N122°27′10″W / 37.75523°N 122.45284°W / 37.75523; -122.45284
56	Landmark Tower	296.3	972	1993	Skyscraper	Office, Observation	Japan	Yokohama		35°27′17″N139°37′54″E / 35.45472°N 139.63167°E / 35.45472; 139.63167
57 tie	Tucuruí transmission line North Tower	295	968	2013	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon	Brazil	Jurupari island
57 tie	Tucuruí transmission line South Tower	295	968	2013	Lattice tower	Electricity pylon	Brazil	Jurupari island
59	WKRQ Tower	294.6	967	1960's	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	Cincinnati, Ohio		39°06′59″N84°30′07″W / 39.11639°N 84.50194°W / 39.11639; -84.50194
60	Zhuzhou Television Tower	293	961	1999	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	China	Shijiazhuang		27°49′17″N113°06′49″E / 27.82139°N 113.11361°E / 27.82139; 113.11361
61	Star Tower	290.8	954	1991	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	Cincinnati, Ohio	Landmark tower design	39°12′01″N84°31′22″W / 39.20028°N 84.52278°W / 39.20028; -84.52278
62	70 Pine Street	290.2	952	1932	Skyscraper	Office	United States	New York		40°42′23″N74°00′27″W / 40.70639°N 74.00750°W / 40.70639; -74.00750
63	WLWT TV Tower	289.6	950	1978	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	United States	Cincinnati, Ohio		39°07′27″N84°31′18″W / 39.12417°N 84.52167°W / 39.12417; -84.52167
64	One Liberty Place	288	945	1987	Skyscraper	Office	United States	Philadelphia		39°57′08″N75°10′04″W / 39.9522°N 75.1678°W / 39.9522; -75.1678
65	Dudelange Radio Tower	285	935	1957	Lattice tower	FM-broadcasting	Luxembourg	Dudelange		49°27′48″N6°05′45″E / 49.46333°N 6.09583°E / 49.46333; 6.09583
66 tie	Akashi Kaikyō Bridge North Tower	282.8	928	1998	Bridge	Transportation	Japan	Kobe		34°36′58″N135°01′14″E / 34.6162°N 135.0205°E / 34.6162; 135.0205
66 tie	Akashi Kaikyō Bridge South Tower	282.8	928	1998	Bridge	Transportation	Japan	Kobe		34°36′58″N135°01′14″E / 34.6162°N 135.0205°E / 34.6162; 135.0205
66 tie	Cheung Kong Centre	282.8	928	1999	Skyscraper	Office	Hong Kong	Hong Kong		22°16′46″N114°09′37″E / 22.27944°N 114.16028°E / 22.27944; 114.16028
69	40 Wall Street	282.6	927	1930	Skyscraper	Office	United States	New York		40°42′25″N74°00′35″W / 40.706964°N 74.009672°W / 40.706964; -74.009672
70 tie	United Overseas Bank Plaza	280	919	1992	Skyscraper	Office	Singapore	Singapore		1°17′08″N103°50′59″E / 1.28555°N 103.84972°E / 1.28555; 103.84972
70 tie	Shijiazhuang TV-tower	280	919	1998	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	China	Shijiazhuang		38°01′15.81″N114°31′40.14″E / 38.0210583°N 114.5278167°E / 38.0210583; 114.5278167
70 tie	AIR tower	280	919	2013	Lattice tower	FM-broadcasting	India	Amritsar	originally intended to be 300 m tall [14] currently 280 m [15] due to a tilt in the towers angle. [16]	31°36′56.58″N74°39′54.49″E / 31.6157167°N 74.6651361°E / 31.6157167; 74.6651361
	Taipei Twin Towers 2	280	918	u/c	Skyscraper	Office	Taiwan	Taipei
73	Citigroup Center	278.9	915	1977	Skyscraper	Office	United States	New York		40°45′31″N73°58′13″W / 40.758533°N 73.970314°W / 40.758533; -73.970314
74	OUB Centre	277.8	911	1992	Skyscraper	Office	Singapore	Singapore		1°17′05″N103°51′04″E / 1.2846°N 103.8510°E / 1.2846; 103.8510
75	Net 25 Tower	276.4	907	1990	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	Philippines	Quezon City		14°39′45″N121°03′36″E / 14.66250°N 121.06000°E / 14.66250; 121.06000
76	WCPO TV Tower	276	905	1965	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	United States	Cincinnati, Ohio		39°07′30″N84°29′56″W / 39.12500°N 84.49889°W / 39.12500; -84.49889
77	Perm TV tower [17]	275	902	2016	Lattice tower	FM/TV-broadcasting	Russia	Perm		58°21′40″N56°17′27″E / 58.36111°N 56.29083°E / 58.36111; 56.29083
78 tie	Tbilisi TV Broadcasting Tower	275	901	1972	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	Georgia	Tbilisi		41°41′45″N44°47′05″E / 41.69583°N 44.78472°E / 41.69583; 44.78472
78 tie	RCTI TV Tower [18]	275	901	?	Lattice tower	TV-broadcasting	Indonesia	Jakarta
78 tie	Williams Tower	275	901	1982	Skyscraper	Office	United States	Houston		29°44′14″N95°27′41″W / 29.73722°N 95.46139°W / 29.73722; -95.46139

See also

• List of tallest buildings
• List of tallest towers
• List of tallest freestanding structures
• List of tallest buildings and structures
• List of tallest structures by country
• List of tallest oil platforms
• Lattice tower

References

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