List of wars involving Oman

This is a list of wars involving the Sultanate of Oman and its predecessor states.

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result
Battle of Julfar (752)	Imamate of Oman	Abbasid Caliphate	Defeat Abbasid Caliphate kills Al-Julanda bin Masud
Siege of Mombasa (1696–1698)	Omani Empire	Portuguese Empire	Omani victory
1717 Omani invasion of Bahrain (1717)	Omani Empire Al Bin Ali mercenaries [1]	Safavid Empire	Omani victory Omani Empire ended the Safavid rule over Bahrain
Saudi invasion of Qatar	Qatar Bahrain Oman Ottoman Empire	Diriyah	Defeat Incorporation of Qatar into First Saudi State
Oman–Zanzibar war (1784)	Omani Empire	Local forces from Zanzibar, Mombasa and Pemba Island	Victory Defeat of rebels
Persian Gulf campaign of 1819 (1819)	United Kingdom East India Company Supported by Omani Empire	Ras Al Khaimah Al-Qawasim	British victory Hassan bin Rahma Al Qasimi deposed Sultan bin Saqr al-Qasimi restored as ruler Signing of the General Maritime Treaty of 1820
Bani Bu Ali expedition (1820–21)	East India Company Omani empire British Empire (until 1820)	Bani Bu Ali tribe	Victory Bani Bu Ali defeated
Muscat rebellion (1913-1920)	British Empire Muscat and Oman	Imamate of Oman Supported by: German Empire (1915-1918)	Stalemate Treaty of Seeb
Buraimi dispute (1952–1955)	Trucial Emirates Emirate of Abu Dhabi British Empire Supported by Sultanate of Muscat and Oman Aden Protectorate	Saudi Arabia Supported by Al Bu Shamis tribe Na'im tribe	Decisive Trucial Oman Scouts victory Surrender of Saudi forces Ceasefire agreement with Bedouin tribes Saudi Arabia withdraws and Oman regains control of Na'im and Al Bu Shamis, Buraimi and Hamasah Emirate of Abu Dhabi consolidates control of Al Ain Start of the Saudi Arabia – United Arab Emirates border dispute
Arab Cold War (1952–1991 [a] )	Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Iraq (until 1958) Ba'athist Iraq (1979–1990) Jordan Morocco Kingdom of Egypt (until 1953) Arab Republic of Egypt (since 1974)   Syria (before 1954, 1961–1963) Right Wing of Fatah   Libya (until 1969) Federation of the Emirates of South Arabia / Federation of South Arabia (until 1967) Protectorate of South Arabia (until 1967) Kingdom of Yemen (until 1970) North Yemen (1970–1974, since 1978) Muscat and Oman (until 1970) Imamate of Oman (until 1959) Oman (since 1970)   Zanzibar (until 1964) Bahrain Kuwait Qatar   Somalia (since 1977) Sudan (before 1969, since 1985) Trucial States (until 1971) United Arab Emirates (from 1971) Muslim Brotherhood Arab Federation (1958)   Iraq Jordan Supported by: United States United Kingdom France Republic of China [2] [3] [4] People's Republic of China (from 1972; limited) Afghan mujahideen [5] (from 1979) Canada   Ethiopia (until 1974) West Germany   Iran (until 1979) Italy Japan South Korea Pakistan Turkey CENTO (until 1979)	Republic of Egypt (1953–1958) United Arab Republic (1958–1971) Arab Republic of Egypt (1971–1973) Iraqi Republic (1958–1968) Ba'athist Iraq (1968–1979, 1990−1991) Syrian Republic (1954–1958/1961) Ba'athist Syria (from 1963) Libya (after 1969) Algeria Sudan (1969–1971) South Yemen North Yemen (1962–1970, 1974–1978) Mauritania (until 1984) Palestine Liberation Organization Abu Nidal Organization Polisario Front / Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic   Somalia (1969–1977) Arab Nationalist Movement Ba'ath Party (until 1966) DLF (1963–1968) PFLOAG [6] (1968–1974) NDFLOAG (1969–1971) PFLO (1974–1976) Hezbollah [7] (from 1985) Federation of Arab Republics Arab Islamic Republic United Arab States (1958–1961) United Arab Republic Kingdom of Yemen Supported by: Soviet Union (until 1989) People's Republic of China (until 1972)   Afghanistan (from 1978)   Bulgaria (until 1989) Cuba (since 1959) Czechoslovakia (until 1989)   Ethiopia (from 1974) East Germany   Hungary (until 1989) India (limited) Iran (from 1979; limited) North Korea   Poland (until 1989)   Romania (until 1989; limited) Yugoslavia (limited)	Inconclusive Decline of pan-Arabism and Nasserism after the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser Rise of Wahhabism, Salafi jihadism, and Islamism after the death of Nasser International propagation of Salafism and Wahhabism in several countries financed with Saudi oil exports Creation of Gulf Cooperation Council Failed attempts of an Arab Union: Arab Federation United Arab Republic United Arab States Federation of Arab Republics United Arab Kingdom Union of Arab Republics Arab Islamic Republic Successful attempts of an Arab Union: Unity of seven Arab emirates to form UAE Yemeni unification
Jebel Akhdar War (1954–1959)	Sultanate of Muscat United Kingdom	Imamate of Oman Supported by: Republic of Egypt Saudi Arabia	Muscati victory Defeat of the Imamate of Oman 2073, 2238 and 2302 'Question of Oman' resolutions adopted by the UN General Assembly Dissolution of the Imamate of Oman
Dhofar Rebellion (1963–1976)	Muscat and Oman (until 1970) Oman (from 1970) United Kingdom Iran (From 1973) Jordan Supported by: Saudi Arabia [6] Abu Dhabi [6]	Dhofar Liberation Front [note 1] NDFLOAG (1969–1971) South Yemen [8] Supported by: Soviet Union China [9] [10] [11]   Iraq [12] [13] Saudi Arabia (until 1965)	Omani-British-Iranian victory [14]
Gulf War (1990 – 1991)	United States United Kingdom France Saudi Arabia Egypt Kuwait Coalition : Afghan mujahideen [15] Argentina Australia   Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Canada Czechoslovakia Denmark Germany Greece Honduras Hungary Italy Japan Luxembourg Morocco Netherlands New Zealand Niger Norway Oman Pakistan Philippines Poland Portugal Qatar Romania Senegal Sierra Leone Singapore South Korea Spain Sweden   Syria Turkey United Arab Emirates	Iraq	Coalition victory State of Kuwait resumes self-governance over all Kuwaiti sovereign territory Establishment of a demilitarized zone and construction of a separation barrier along the Iraq–Kuwait border
Operation Ocean Shield (2009–2016)	NATO Denmark United Kingdom United States France Netherlands Spain Greece Romania Germany Belgium Canada Italy Portugal Turkey Norway Non-NATO: Australia China Colombia [16] India Indonesia Japan Malaysia New Zealand [17] Oman Pakistan Peru Philippines Russia Saudi Arabia Seychelles Singapore South Africa South Korea Taiwan Thailand Ukraine [18] Yemen	Somali pirates	Allied victory

Notes

1. Some sources variously date the end of the period to c.1979 or F1990, particularly Yemeni unification, the end of the Lebanese Civil War, the Gulf War or the end of the Western Sahara War. Some sources say ongoing.

1. It was renamed to the Popular Front for the Liberation of the Occupied Arabian Gulf in 1968, to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman and the Arabian Gulf after its merge with the NDFLOAG in 1971, and to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman in 1974

References

1. ^ محمد خليل المرعشي , مجمع التواريخ , تحقيق عباس اقبال, طهران , 1328هـ - 1949م , ص 37-39
2. Jonathan Chin, Lo Tien-pin and (29 January 2019). "Air force highlights secret North Yemen operations". www.taipeitimes.com. Taipei Times. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
3. Hoagl, Jim (May 28, 1979). "Taiwanese Hired By North Yemen To Fly U.S. Jets". The Washington Post. The Washington Post. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
4. "Northrop F-5E/F in Service with Taiwan". www.joebaugher.com. joebaugher.com. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
5. "DESERT SHIELD AND DESERT STORM A CHRONOLOGY AND TROOP LIST FOR THE 1990–1991 PERSIAN GULF CRISIS" (PDF). apps.dtic.mil. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
6. "The Dhofar Rebellion". countrystudies.us. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2016. Oman received annual financial aid of about US$200 million from Abu Dhabi to assist military and civil development projects and about US$2.5 billion from Saudi Arabia, with which relations had improved.
7. Dr. Nimrod Raphaeli (11 February 2009). "The Iranian Roots of Hizbullah". MEMRI. Archived from the original on 11 February 2009.
8. Hughes, Geraint (2015-01-15). "A Proxy War in Arabia: The Dhofar Insurgency and Cross-Border Raids into South Yemen". The Middle East Journal. 69 (1): 91–104. doi:10.3751/69.1.15. ISSN   0026-3141. The UK government's concerns over escalation became particularly evident when the SAF became embroiled in border clashes with South Yemeni forces in May 1972 and October 1975.
9. Calabrese, J. (1990). From Flyswatters to Silkworms: The Evolution of China's Role in West Asia. Asian Survey. Vol. 30. p. 867.
10. Jeapes, pp. 26–27
11. "The Insurgency In Oman, 1962-1976". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
12. Malovany, Pesach (2017). Wars of Modern Babylon: A History of the Iraqi Army from 1921 to 2003. University Press of Kentucky. pp. |page=755. ISBN   9780813169446.
13. Cheney, Stephen (1984). "The Insurgency In Oman, 1962-1976". globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 13 November 2017. Retrieved 17 October 2005.
14. Paul, Christopher; Clarke, Colin P.; Grill, Beth; Dunigan, Molly (2013), "Oman (Dhofar Rebellion), 1965?1975: Case Outcome: COIN Win", Paths to Victory, Detailed Insurgency Case Studies, RAND Corporation, pp. 274–286, doi:10.7249/j.ctt5hhsjk.34?seq=8 (inactive 8 July 2025), ISBN   978-0-8330-8109-4, JSTOR   10.7249/j.ctt5hhsjk.34 , retrieved 2025-07-07
15. "Desert Shield And Desert Storm: A Chronology And Troop List for the 1990–1991 Persian Gulf Crisis" (PDF). apps.dtic.mil. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 April 2019. Retrieved 2018-12-18.
16. ""Fuerzas Militares pueden enfrentar cualquier amenaza interna o externa": Mindefensa". 28 June 2015. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
17. "New Zealand joins NATO's counter-piracy mission Ocean Shield". NATO. 21 January 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
18. Kozhara: Hetman Sahaidachny frigate to join NATO’s anti-piracy operation, Interfax-Ukraine (17 September 2013)