Malabar barbet

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Malabar barbet
Crimson-fronted Barbet (Megalaima rubricapilla) - Male - Sakleshpur - India -2009.jpg
Adult (Sakleshpur)
Calls
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Megalaimidae
Genus: Psilopogon
Species:
P. malabaricus
Binomial name
Psilopogon malabaricus
(Blyth, 1847) [2]
MegalaimaMalabaricaMap.png
Synonyms

Bucco malabaricus, Xantholaema malabarica, Megalaima malabarica

Contents

The Malabar barbet (Psilopogon malabaricus) is an Asian barbet native to the Western Ghats in India. [1] It was formerly treated as a race of the crimson-fronted barbet (Psilopogon rubricapillus). It overlaps in some places with the range of the coppersmith barbet (Psilopogon haemacephala) and has a similar but more rapid call. [3]

Description

Cotigao NP, Goa, India Nov 1997

This species can be told apart from the coppersmith barbet by the crimson face and throat. The call notes are more rapidly delivered than in the other species. [4]

Distribution and habitat

This species is found in the Western Ghats from around Goa south to southern Kerala in moist evergreen forest mainly below 1200 m elevation. They are also found in coffee estates. They often visit fruiting Ficus species, joining flocks of green pigeon and mynas. [4]

Behaviour and ecology

Adult on an Erythrina Malabar Barbet.jpg
Adult on an Erythrina

These birds are usually seen in pairs during the breeding season but are gregarious in the non-breeding season. In flight, their straight and rapid flight can resemble that of lorikeets. The breeding season is mainly February–March prior to the rains. The nest hole is excavated on the underside of thin branches. It takes about 18 days to excavate the nest. These nest holes are often destroyed by larger barbets that may attempt to enlarge the hole. [3] A nest is made each year. Multiple holes may be made and any extra hole may be used for roosting. Two eggs are laid in a clutch. They are incubated for 14 to 15 days. Eggs may be preyed upon by palm squirrels ( Funambulus sp.) and they are usually chased away by the adult birds. Unhatched eggs are removed by the parents. For the first week the chicks are fed insects after which they are fed fruits. The chicks fledge in about 35 days. [4] [5]

The species feeds mainly on fruits but sometimes takes grubs, termites (flycatching at emerging swarms of alates), ants and small caterpillars. In Kerala, the fruiting trees were limited mainly to Ficus species, especially Ficus retusa , Ficus gibbosa and Ficus tsiela . When feeding on small fruits, they tend to perch and peck rather than to swallow the fruit whole. In the non-breeding season, they join mixed-species foraging flocks. [6]

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden-throated barbet</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-browed barbet</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Double-toothed barbet</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golden-whiskered barbet</span> Species of bird

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<i>Psilopogon</i> Genus of birds

Psilopogon is a genus of Old World barbets that used to include only a single species, the fire-tufted barbet. Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the genus is nested within an evolutionary branch consisting of Asian barbets that were formerly placed in the genus Megalaima proposed by George Robert Gray in 1841. Since Psilopogon was proposed by Salomon Müller already in 1835, this name takes priority.

<i>Semnornis</i> Genus of birds

The toucan barbets are the small birds in the genus Semnornis. This was often included in the paraphyletic barbets but recently usually considered a distinct family Semnornithidae; alternatively, all barbets might be moved to the toucan family Ramphastidae as a subfamily, Semnornithinae. It contains only two species, the toucan barbet and the prong-billed barbet.

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References

  1. 1 2 BirdLife International (2016). "Psilopogon malabaricus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22726150A94912818. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22726150A94912818.en . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
  2. Blyth, E. (1847). "Report of the Curator, Museum of Zoology". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 16 (1): 385–387.
  3. 1 2 Rasmussen, P. C. & J. C. Anderton (2005). Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide. Volume 2. Smithsonian Institution & Lynx Edicions.
  4. 1 2 3 Ali, Salim; Ripley, S.D. (1983). Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan. Volume 4 (2 ed.). New Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. 161–162.
  5. Yahya, HSA (1988). "Breeding biology of Barbets, Megalaima spp. (Capitonidae: Piciformes) at Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 85 (3): 493–511.
  6. Yahya,Hafiz SA (2000). "Food and feeding habits of Indian Barbets, Megalaima spp". J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 97 (1): 103–116.

Other sources