Marianthus

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Marianthus
Marianthus erubescens.JPG
Marianthus erubescens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Pittosporaceae
Genus: Marianthus
Hügel ex Endl. [1]
Synonyms [1]
List
    • Billardiera sect. Marianthus(Hügel ex Endl.) E.M.Benn.
    • Billardiera ser. BignoniaeE.M.Benn.
    • Billardiera ser. Calopetalae(Harv.) E.M.Benn.
    • Billardiera ser. Oncosporeae(Benth.) E.M.Benn.
    • Billardiera ser. ParvifloraeE.M.Benn.
    • Billardiera ser. Pictae(Benth.) E.M.Benn.
    • Billardiera ser. Procumbentes(Benth.) E.M.Benn.
    • CalopetalonHarv.
    • CalopetalumBenth. orth. var.
    • Marianthus sect. Granularia Kuntze
    • Marianthus ser. NormalesBenth. nom. inval.
    • Marianthus ser. OncosporeaeBenth.
    • Marianthus ser. PictaeBenth.
    • Marianthus ser. ProcumbentesBenth.
    • Oncosporum Putt. nom. illeg., nom. superfl.
    • OncosporumPutt.

Marianthus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Marianthus are shrubs with twining branches, simple leaves arranged alternately along the stems. The flowers are pendent, arranged singly or in small groups in upper leaf axils or on the ends of branches with small bracts and bracteoles at the base, but that fall as the flowers open. The sepals are free from each other, and the petals are also sometimes free from each, otherwise joined at the base, forming a tube with spreading lobes. Plants in this genus were previously included in Billardiera , but have a stalked ovary and a long, usually curved style. The fruit is a dehiscent capsule containing many seeds.

The genus Marianthus was first originally established in 1837 by Stephan Endlicher in his Enumeratio plantarum quas in Novae Hollandiae ora austro-occidentali ad fluvium Cygnorum et in sinu Regis Georgii collegit Carolus Liber Baro de Hügel , and the first species he described (the type species) was M. candidus . In 1972, Eleanor Marion Bennett combined the genera Billardiera and Marianthus in Billardiera, in the journal Nuytsia , so that Marianthus became a synonym of Billardiera. [2] The name Marianthus means "Virgin Mary-flower", on account of the white colour of M. candidus, the first species in the genus to be described. [3]

In 2004, Marianthus was resurrected from synonymy by Lindy Cayzer and Mike Crisp in the journal Australian Systematic Botany , and the name is accepted by the Australian Plant Census. [1] [4]

The following is a list of Marianthus species accepted by the Australian Plant Census as of June 2023: [5]

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<i>Billardiera heterophylla</i> Species of flowering plant

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<i>Billardiera fraseri</i> Species of flowering plant

Billardiera fraseri, commonly known as elegant pronaya, is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a climber with densely silky-hairy new shoots, leaves and flowers, narrowly elliptic leaves and deep purple or pink flowers arranged in groups.

<i>Billardiera fusiformis</i> Species of flowering plant

Billardiera fusiformis, commonly known as Australian bluebell, is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a sturdy, shrubby climber that has linear to narrowly elliptic leaves and blue, white or pink, nodding flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to four.

<i>Marianthus candidus</i> Shrub of the pittosporum family

Marianthus candidus, commonly known as white marianthus, is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a twining shrub or climber with elliptic leaves and white flowers arranged in groups of twenty to thirty and becoming fawn or pink as they age.

<i>Marianthus tenuis</i> Shrub of the pittosporum family

Marianthus tenuis is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a slender, twining shrub with clustered, narrowly elliptic leaves and white flowers tinged with mauve and with darker spots on three of the five petals.

<i>Marianthus paralius</i> Shrub of the pittosporum family

Marianthus paralius is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to a restricted part of the southwest of Western Australia. It is a more or less prostrate shrub with thick, egg-shaped leaves and red flowers.

Lindy Webster Cayzer CF is an Australian botanist.

<i>Marianthus mollis</i> Shrub of the pittosporum family

Marianthus mollis, commonly known as hairy-fruited billardiera, is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to a small region in the southwest of Western Australia. It is an erect, spreading, silky-hairy shrub with sessile, egg-shaped leaves and purplish-blue flowers arranged singly in leaf axils.

<i>Billardiera venusta</i> Species of flowering plant

Billardiera venusta is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a woody climber or shrub with clustered sessile, hooked leaves and groups of four to six pale lilac flowers that fade to yellow as they age.

Marianthus sylvaticus is a species of flowering plant in the family Pittosporaceae and is endemic to a small area in the southwest of Western Australia. It is a slender climber with clustered, toothed, linear leaves and blue and white flowers with purple veins.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Marianthus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  2. Bennett, Eleanor M. (1972). "New taxa and new combinations in Western Australian Pittosporaceae". Nuytsia. 1 (3): 266–268. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
  3. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 95. ISBN   9780958034180.
  4. Cayzer, Lindy; Crisp, Mike (2004). "Reinstatement and revision of the genus Marianthus (Pittosporaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany. 17 (1): 127–44. doi:10.1071/SB03029.
  5. "Marianthus". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 7 June 2023.