Mark Gross | |
|---|---|
 Gross in 2017 | |
| Born | November 30, 1965 Ithaca, New York, U.S. |
| Alma mater | |
| Awards | Clay Research Award (2016) [1] |
| Scientific career | |
| Institutions | |
| Thesis | Surfaces in the Four-Dimensional Grassmannian (1990) |
| Doctoral advisor | Robin Hartshorne [2] |
| Website | dpmms www |
Mark William Gross FRS [1] (born 30 November 1965) [3] is an American mathematician, specializing in differential geometry, algebraic geometry, and mirror symmetry. [4] [5] [6]
Mark William Gross was born on 30 November 1965 in Ithaca, New York, to Leonard Gross and Grazyna Gross. [3] From 1982, he studied at Cornell University, graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1984. [3] He gained a PhD in 1990 from the University of California, Berkeley, [3] for research supervised by Robin Hartshorne [1] [2] with a thesis on the surfaces in the four-dimensional Grassmannian. [2]
From 1990 to 1993 he was an assistant professor at the University of Michigan and spent the academic year 1992–1993 on leave as a postdoctoral researcher at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) in Berkeley. He was at Cornell University in 1993–1997 an assistant professor and in 1997–2001 an associate professor and then at University of California, San Diego in 2001–2013 a full professor. He was a visiting professor at the University of Warwick in the academic year 2002–2003.[ citation needed ] Since 2013, he has been a professor at the University of Cambridge [7] and since 2016, a Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. [8]
Gross works on complex geometry, algebraic geometry, and mirror symmetry. Gross and Bernd Siebert jointly developed a program (known as the Gross–Siebert Program) for studying mirror symmetry within algebraic geometry. [1] [9]
The Gross–Siebert program builds on an earlier, differential-geometric, proposal of Strominger, Yau, and Zaslow, in which the Calabi–Yau manifold is fibred by special Lagrangian tori, and the mirror by dual tori. The program's central idea is to translate this into an algebro-geometric construction in an appropriate limit, involving combinatorial data associated with a degenerating family of Calabi–Yau manifolds. It draws on many areas of geometry, analysis and combinatorics and has made a deep impact on fields such as tropical and non-archimedean geometry, logarithmic geometry, the calculation of Gromov–Witten invariants, the theory of cluster algebras and combinatorial representation theory. [10]
Gross was an Invited Speaker, jointly with Siebert, with talk Local mirror symmetry in the tropics at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Seoul 2014. [12] In 2016 Gross and Siebert jointly received the Clay Research Award. [10] Gross was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2017. [1] [8]
In algebraic and differential geometry, a Calabi–Yau manifold, also known as a Calabi–Yau space, is a particular type of manifold which has properties, such as Ricci flatness, yielding applications in theoretical physics. Particularly in superstring theory, the extra dimensions of spacetime are sometimes conjectured to take the form of a 6-dimensional Calabi–Yau manifold, which led to the idea of mirror symmetry. Their name was coined by Candelas et al. (1985), after Eugenio Calabi who first conjectured that such surfaces might exist, and Shing-Tung Yau who proved the Calabi conjecture.
Shing-Tung Yau is a Chinese-American mathematician. He is the director of the Yau Mathematical Sciences Center at Tsinghua University and Professor Emeritus at Harvard University. Until 2022 he was the William Caspar Graustein Professor of Mathematics at Harvard, at which point he moved to Tsinghua.
In theoretical physics, T-duality is an equivalence of two physical theories, which may be either quantum field theories or string theories. In the simplest example of this relationship, one of the theories describes strings propagating in a spacetime shaped like a circle of some radius , while the other theory describes strings propagating on a spacetime shaped like a circle of radius proportional to . The idea of T-duality was first noted by Bala Sathiapalan in an obscure paper in 1987. The two T-dual theories are equivalent in the sense that all observable quantities in one description are identified with quantities in the dual description. For example, momentum in one description takes discrete values and is equal to the number of times the string winds around the circle in the dual description.
In algebraic geometry and theoretical physics, mirror symmetry is a relationship between geometric objects called Calabi–Yau manifolds. The term refers to a situation where two Calabi–Yau manifolds look very different geometrically but are nevertheless equivalent when employed as extra dimensions of string theory.
Andrew Eben Strominger is an American theoretical physicist who is the director of Harvard's Center for the Fundamental Laws of Nature. He has made significant contributions to quantum gravity and string theory. These include his work on Calabi–Yau compactification and topology change in string theory, and on the stringy origin of black hole entropy. He is a senior fellow at the Society of Fellows, and is the Gwill E. York Professor of Physics.
Homological mirror symmetry is a mathematical conjecture made by Maxim Kontsevich. It seeks a systematic mathematical explanation for a phenomenon called mirror symmetry first observed by physicists studying string theory.
Tian Gang is a Chinese mathematician. He is a professor of mathematics at Peking University and Higgins Professor Emeritus at Princeton University. He is known for contributions to the mathematical fields of Kähler geometry, Gromov-Witten theory, and geometric analysis.
The SYZ conjecture is an attempt to understand the mirror symmetry conjecture, an issue in theoretical physics and mathematics. The original conjecture was proposed in a paper by Strominger, Yau, and Zaslow, entitled "Mirror Symmetry is T-duality".
In string theory and related theories such as supergravity theories, a brane is a physical object that generalizes the notion of a zero-dimensional point particle, a one-dimensional string, or a two-dimensional membrane to higher-dimensional objects. Branes are dynamical objects which can propagate through spacetime according to the rules of quantum mechanics. They have mass and can have other attributes such as charge.
Thomas Andrew Bridgeland is a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Sheffield. He was a senior research fellow in 2011–2013 at All Souls College, Oxford and, since 2013, remains as a Quondam Fellow. He is most well-known for defining Bridgeland stability conditions on triangulated categories.
Richard Paul Winsley Thomas is a British mathematician working in several areas of geometry. He is a professor at Imperial College London. He studies moduli problems in algebraic geometry, and ‘mirror symmetry’—a phenomenon in pure mathematics predicted by string theory in theoretical physics.
Philip Candelas, is a British physicist and mathematician. After 20 years at the University of Texas at Austin, he served as Rouse Ball Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford until 2020 and is a Fellow of Wadham College, Oxford.
David Robert Morrison is an American mathematician and theoretical physicist. He works on string theory and algebraic geometry, especially its relations to theoretical physics.
Bernd Siebert is a German mathematician who researches in algebraic geometry.
Daniel Huybrechts is a German mathematician, specializing in algebraic geometry.
Victor Vadimovich Batyrev is a Russian mathematician, specializing in algebraic and arithmetic geometry and its applications to mathematical physics. He is a professor at the University of Tübingen.
A purely combinatorial approach to mirror symmetry was suggested by Victor Batyrev using the polar duality for -dimensional convex polyhedra. The most famous examples of the polar duality provide Platonic solids: e.g., the cube is dual to octahedron, the dodecahedron is dual to icosahedron. There is a natural bijection between the -dimensional faces of a -dimensional convex polyhedron and -dimensional faces of the dual polyhedron and one has . In Batyrev's combinatorial approach to mirror symmetry the polar duality is applied to special -dimensional convex lattice polytopes which are called reflexive polytopes.
Paul Stephen Aspinwall is a British theoretical physicist and mathematician, who works on string theory and also algebraic geometry.
Xenia de la Ossa Osegueda is a theoretical physicist whose research focuses on mathematical structures that arise in string theory. She is a professor at Oxford's Mathematical Institute.
In mathematics, and especially symplectic geometry, the Thomas–Yau conjecture asks for the existence of a stability condition, similar to those which appear in algebraic geometry, which guarantees the existence of a solution to the special Lagrangian equation inside a Hamiltonian isotopy class of Lagrangian submanifolds. In particular the conjecture contains two difficulties: first it asks what a suitable stability condition might be, and secondly if one can prove stability of an isotopy class if and only if it contains a special Lagrangian representative.
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