Micarea viridileprosa | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Ascomycota |
Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
Order: | Lecanorales |
Family: | Pilocarpaceae |
Genus: | Micarea |
Species: | M. viridileprosa |
Binomial name | |
Micarea viridileprosa Coppins & Van den Boom (2001) | |
Micarea viridileprosa is a species of crustose lichen in the family Pilocarpaceae that was first described in 2001. [1] This crustose lichen is known to grow on bark, wood, and soil, and is distinguishable by its bright greenish soredia.
It was formally described as a new species by the lichenologists Brian John Coppins and Pieter van den Boom in 2001. The type specimen of Micarea viridileprosa was collected in France, Finistère, near Douarnenez at Pointe du Millier, Moulin de Keriolet, in a sheltered valley on mature Castanea sativa . [2] A later molecular analysis showed that Micarea viridileprosa is a sister species to Micarea micrococca . [3]
The thallus of Micarea viridileprosa is crustose, composed of bright greenish goniocysts (vegetative propagules), which can coalesce to form larger granules . These goniocysts are typically 12–18 μm in diameter, but can grow up to 25–40 μm. The thallus may appear glossy when dry due to a thin coating of gelatinous algae. The lichen's growth often gives the appearance of irregular "soralia", producing powdery "soredia" which can cover the entire thallus. [2]
Each goniocyst contains a few green algal cells surrounded by hyphae, with the hyphae being hyaline (translucent) and incrusted with gyrophoric acid crystals. The algal cells are about 4.5–7 μm in diameter, each containing a clear oil-drop. Apothecia (fruiting bodies) are rare; if present they are adpressed to semi-immersed in the thallus, and measure 0.1–0.5 mm in width. The apothecia are whitish to pallid and convex, lacking a distinct margin. The hymenium is 35–50 μm tall, with the paraphyses being richly branched and about 1.5–2 μm wide in the mid-hymenium. [2]
The ascospores of Micarea viridileprosa are oblong-ellipsoid or ovovoid in shape, measuring 8–12(-14) by 2.5–4 μm, and from zero to two septa. Pycnidia are very rare and grey-brown, either sessile or stalked, measuring 20–50 μm in diameter and 50–100 μm in height. The conidia are narrowly oblong-ellipsoid to bluntly fusiform , measuring 4.5–6 by 1.3–2 μm, and are often seen extruding from the ostiole. [2]
The thallus and apothecia of Micarea viridileprosa test C+ (red) in spot test reaction, indicating the presence of gyrophoric acid. This chemical is also present in the apothecia, which helps distinguish it from other similar species. The pycnidial walls have an olivaceous, K+ (violet), C+ (violet) pigment. [2]
Micarea viridileprosa is found in various habitats, including on the bark of trees such as Betula , Alnus glutinosa , Pinus sylvestris , Prunus padus , and Quercus robur . It is also found on rotting wood and soil, in open woodlands, on sloping sides of ditches, and in peat-moor habitats. The species is widespread in the Netherlands and Belgium and has been recorded in England, Wales, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Switzerland. [2]
Aderkomyces thailandicus is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Gomphillaceae. Found in the lower montane rainforests of Thailand, it was described as new to science in 2011.
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Pertusaria albineoides is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. Found on the Galápagos Islands, it was formally described as a new species in 2015 by Frank Bungartz, A.W.Archer, Alba Yánez-Ayabaca, and John Elix. The type specimen was collected on Alcedo Volcano at an altitude of 1,089 m (3,573 ft), where it was found growing on a partially shaded, rain- and wind-exposed trunk of Scalesia microcephala. The species epithet refers to the similarity to the species Pertusaria albinea, from which it differs by having thin-walled ellipsoid-shaped ascospores that are longer and narrower.
Opegrapha ramisorediata is a rare species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Opegraphaceae. Known to occur only in northeastern Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2017. It is characterised by a thin, pale greenish-mauve thallus.
Pyrrhospora palmicola is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Lecanoraceae. It has a yellow thallus with rounded to irregular apothecia with pale brown or black discs. The lichen is found in Mato Grosso, Brazil, and the Seychelles.
Caloplaca sterilis is a corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen belonging to the family Teloschistaceae, described in 2011. It is primarily found in steppe and sand dune habitats in the Black Sea region, and has been recorded from Bulgaria, Romania, southwest Russia, and Ukraine. Caloplaca sterilis is characterised by tiny squamules/areoles with contrasting pale greyish-green to greenish soredia. It is easily overlooked and challenging to identify when completely sorediate and sterile, especially as its soredia do not contain the typical Sedifolia-grey pigment.
Caloplaca patagoniensis is a species of lignicolous (wood-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It is found in Chile. It forms small thallus patches, with distinctive areoles that change from whitish or greyish-yellow to deep orange or brownish-orange, often covered by a bright orange blastidious mass. Its fruiting bodies (apothecia) are dark reddish-orange and initially immersed in the substrate, while its spores are ellipsoid to elongated, and the species contains parietin, turning purple when exposed to a potassium hydroxide solution.
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Malmidea leucopiperis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Malmideaceae. It is found in Brazil.
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Erioderma borbonicum is a little-known species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It is endemic to Réunion, an island in the Indian Ocean. The lichen forms a dense, cushion-like thallus with a diameter of 3 to 4 cm, with flat, slightly overlapping lobes with a grey-brown upper surface and cream-coloured underside.
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