Moncalieri Castle

Last updated
Castle of Moncalieri
Castello di Moncalieri
Castle of Moncalieri 2818.jpg
Italy Piemonte location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Moncalieri Castle
Location within Piedmont
Italy provincial location map 2016.svg
Red pog.svg
Moncalieri Castle
Moncalieri Castle (Italy)
General information
Town or city Moncalieri
Country Italy
Coordinates 45°00′08.1″N7°41′12.5″E / 45.002250°N 7.686806°E / 45.002250; 7.686806
Criteria Architectural: C (i) (ii) (iv) (v)
Reference 823bis
Inscription1997 (21st Session)

The Castle of Moncalieri is a palace in Moncalieri (Metropolitan City of Turin), Piedmont, in northern Italy. It is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites in 1997. [1]

Contents

History

The first structure was a fortress built by Thomas I of Savoy around 1100 on a hill, to command the main southern access to Turin. In the mid-15th century Yolanda of Valois, wife of Duke Amadeus IX, turned it into a pleasure residence. Architect Carlo di Castellamonte enlarged the construction substantially, and the interiors were redesigned by him and other local artists.

The castle was the site of the marriage between Maria Vittoria Francesca of Savoy to the Prince of Carignano. It was also the place where Maria Carolina of Savoy married Anthony of Saxony by proxy in 1781.

It was the scene of the death of Maria Antonietta of Spain in 1785; she was the wife of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia. Victor Amadeus later died there in 1796.

The castle was used extensively by the Savoyards, and was the first castle occupied in 1798 by the French army, who retained it until 1814. Returned to Victor Emmanuel I and later to his distant nephew Charles Albert of Sardinia, Prince of Carignano, it became the residence of young family princes who studied here. King Victor Emmanuel II preferred it to the Royal Palace of Turin, and had numerous apartments furnished according to his tastes. In 1849, it was from this palace that emerged the famous Proclamation of Moncalieri, written by Massimo d'Azeglio and signed by the King.

The palace was later used by the queen mothers and royal princesses. Since 1921 it has been the home of the 1st Battalion of the Carabinieri, but the historical rooms can be freely visited.

On April 5, 2008, a fire broke out in the castle, [2] damaging one of the towers and the hall of the proclaim.

Overview

The current structure of the castle is in the shape of a horseshoe facing south, with four massive square towers at each angle. The side sections have five floors, brick walls and robust buttresses. Two other minor buildings parallel the side sections and create two courts. The southern façade has a giardino all'italiana and two small cylindrical towers, last remains of the 15th-century castle. The northern entrance has also a notable belvedere.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Amadeus II</span> King of Sardinia from 1720 to 1730

Victor Amadeus II was the head of the House of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 12 June 1675 until his abdication in 1730. He was the first of his house to acquire a royal crown, ruling first as King of Sicily (1713–1720) and then as King of Sardinia (1720–1730). Among his other titles were Duke of Savoy, Duke of Montferrat, Prince of Piedmont, Marquis of Saluzzo and Count of Aosta, Maurienne and Nice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charles Emmanuel III</span> King of Sardinia from 1730 to 1773

Charles Emmanuel III was Duke of Savoy, King of Sardinia and ruler of the Savoyard states from his father's adbication on 3 September 1730 until his death in 1773. He was the paternal grandfather of the last three mainline Kings of Sardinia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Amadeus III</span> King of Sardinia from 1773 to 1796

Victor Amadeus III was King of Sardinia and ruler of the Savoyard states from 20 February 1773 to his death in 1796. Although he was politically conservative, he carried out numerous administrative reforms until he declared war on Revolutionary France in 1792. He was the father of the last three mainline Kings of Sardinia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Emmanuel I</span> King of Sardinia from 1802 to 1821

Victor Emmanuel I was the Duke of Savoy, King of Sardinia and ruler of the Savoyard states from 4 June 1802 until his reign ended in 1821 upon abdication due to a liberal revolution. Shortly thereafter, his brother Charles Felix ascended the throne as the new King of Sardinia. Victor Emmanuel was the son of King Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and his wife, Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain. In 1789, he married Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, with whom he had seven children, including the future Empress of Austria. He was the King of Sardinia during the Napoleonic Wars, where he regained Piedmont after Napoleon's defeat in 1814.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">House of Savoy</span> Royal dynasty of Southern Europe

The House of Savoy is an Italian royal house that was established in 1003 in the historical Savoy region. Through gradual expansion, the family grew in power from ruling a small Alpine county northwest of Italy to absolute rule of the Kingdom of Sicily from 1713 to 1720, when they were handed the island of Sardinia, over which they would exercise direct rule from then onward.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi</span> Building

The Palazzina di caccia of Stupinigi is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy in the Metropolitan City of Turin in northern Italy, part of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list. Built as a royal hunting lodge in the early 18th century, it is located in Stupinigi, a suburb of the town of Nichelino, 10 km (6 mi) southwest of Turin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Residences of the Royal House of Savoy</span> UNESCO World Heritage Site in Piedmont, Italy

The Residences of the Royal House of Savoy are a group of buildings in Turin and the Metropolitan City of Turin, in Piedmont. It was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites list in 1997.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castle of Racconigi</span> Palace and landscape park in Italy

The Royal Castle of Racconigi is a palace and landscape park in Racconigi, province of Cuneo, Italy. It was the official residence of the Carignano line of the House of Savoy, and is one of the Residences of the Royal House of Savoy included by UNESCO in the World Heritage Sites list.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Basilica of Superga</span> Church in Italy

The Basilica of Superga is a hilltop Catholic basilica in Superga, in the vicinity of Turin, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Palace of Turin</span> Building in Turin, Italy

The Royal Palace of Turin is a historic palace of the House of Savoy in the city of Turin in Northern Italy. It was originally built in the 16th century and was later modernized by Christine Marie of France (1606–1663) in the 17th century, with designs by the Baroque architect Filippo Juvarra. The palace also includes the Palazzo Chiablese and the Chapel of the Holy Shroud, the latter of which was built to house the famous Shroud of Turin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palazzo Carignano</span> Historical building in the centre of Turin, Italy

Palazzo Carignano is a historical building in the centre of Turin, Italy, which houses the Museum of the Risorgimento. It was a private residence of the Princes of Carignano, after whom it is named. Its rounded façade is different from other façades of the same structure. It is located on the Via Accademia delle Scienze.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Amadeus I, Prince of Carignano</span> Prince of Carignano

Victor Amadeus of Savoy, 3rd Prince of Carignano was an Italian nobleman who was Prince of Carignano from 1709 to 1741. He was the son of Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, Prince of Carignano and his wife, the Maria Angela Caterina d'Este.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Villa della Regina</span> UNESCO World Heritage Site in Piedmont, Italy

The Villa della Regina is a palace in the city of Turin, Piedmont, Italy. It was originally built by the House of Savoy in the 17th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis Victor, Prince of Carignano</span> Prince of Carignano

Louis Victor of Savoy, 4th Prince of Carignano headed a cadet branch of the Italian dynasty which reigned over the Kingdom of Sardinia, being known as the Prince of Carignano from 1741 till his death. Upon extinction of the senior line of the family, his great-grandson succeeded to the royal throne as King Charles Albert of Sardinia, while his great-great-grandson, Victor Emmanuel II, became King of Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Princess Eleonora of Savoy</span>

Eleonora Maria Teresa of Savoy was a Savoyard princess, the eldest daughter of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and his second wife Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg. She died unmarried.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maria Anna of Savoy, Duchess of Chablais</span> Duchess of Chablais

Maria Anna of Savoy was a Princess of Savoy by birth and Duchess of Chablais by her marriage to her uncle, Prince Benedetto, Duke of Chablais.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eugenio, Count of Villafranca</span> Count of Villafranca

Eugenio of Savoy was a prince of the House of Savoy and founder of the Villafranca branch of the royal family of Italy that survived until 1888. He was a brother of Queen Marie Antoinette's tragic confidante, the Princesse de Lamballe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Princess Leopoldina of Savoy</span> Princess of Melfi

Princess Leopoldina of Savoy was a Princess of Savoy and later the Princess of Melfi, as wife of Giovanni Andrea VI Doria-Pamphilj-Landi, (13) Prince of Melfi. She was the older sister of the princesse de Lamballe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano</span> Prince of Carignano

Victor Amadeus of Savoy, 5th Prince of Carignano was a member of the House of Savoy and Prince of Carignano. He was the brother of the murdered princesse de Lamballe and grandfather of King Charles Albert of Sardinia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">La Mandria Regional Park</span> Park in Venaria Reale, Italy

La Mandria Regional Park is a park in the comuni of Venaria Reale and Druento, near Turin, northern Italy. Founded in 1978 by the regional council of Piedmont, it occupies a wide area between the Stura di Lanzo torrent and the north-western part of Turin and Venaria.

References

  1. Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Residences of the Royal House of Savoy".
  2. "Italian castle in flames". Reuters. 2008-04-05.