A tariqa is a school or order of Sufism,or specifically a concept for the mystical teaching and spiritual practices of such an order with the aim of seeking haqiqa,which translates as "ultimate truth".
Nahdlatul Ulama is an Islamic organization in Indonesia. Its membership estimates range from 40 million (2013) to over 95 million (2021),making it the largest Islamic organization in the world. NU is also a charitable body funding schools and hospitals as well as organizing communities to help alleviate poverty.
A kyai is an expert in Islam,usually used among the ethnic Javanese people.
The Ba'Alawi tariqa,also known as the Tariqa Alawiyya is a Sufi order centered in Hadhramawt,Yemen,but now spread across the Indian Ocean rim along with the Hadhrami diaspora. The order is closely tied to the Ba'Alawi sadah family.
Achmad Hasyim Muzadi was an Indonesian Islamic scholar and cleric who served as chairman of the Nahdlatul Ulama,from 1999 to 2010. The founder and director of the Al-Hikam Islamic boarding school,he was a proponent of moderate Islam,which he defined as being neither radical nor liberal,and criticized both Islamic fundamentalism and Islamic liberalism. Hasyim was the vice presidential running mate of President Megawati Sukarnoputri in the 2004 Indonesian presidential election,though the ticket was defeated in a runoff. He subsequently served in the Presidential Advisory Council from 2015 until his death.
Ma'ruf Amin is an Indonesian politician,Islamic cleric,and lecturer who is the 13th and current vice president of Indonesia. Aged nearly 76 years old when inaugurated,he is the oldest Indonesian vice president to ever be sworn in.
Islam is the most adhered religion in West Sumatra,a province of Indonesia,embraced by 97.42% of the whole population. The Muslim population increases to 99.6% if it excludes the Mentawai Islands,where the majority of the non-Muslim (Protestant) West Sumatrans reside. Denomination among Islam in West Sumatra is predominantly Sunni Islam,and there is a small Shia Islamic pocket within the coastal city of Pariaman. Minangkabau people,indigenous to West Sumatra and comprise 88% of the West Sumatran population today,have historically played an important role within the Muslim community in Indonesia. Up until today the region is considered one of the strongholds of Islam in Indonesia.
Islam is the most adhered religion in East Java,a province of Indonesia,embraced by 96.7% of the whole population. Throughout the history,East Java has been considered one of the heartlands of Islam in Indonesia,where seen one of the earliest proliferation of Islam,and the establishment of the largest Islamic mass organization in Indonesia,Nahdlatul Ulama.
Ismail al-Khalidi al-Minangkabawi was an Islamic scholar who belonged to the Khalidiyya branch of the Naqshbandi tariqa in the 18th to 19th century. He hailed from today's Tanah Datar Regency,West Sumatra. He is regarded as the pioneer of the tariqa in Minangkabau region,as well as the whole Indonesian archipelago. He was also known as a scholar of Islamic jurisprudence,kalam theology and tasawwuf.
Burhanuddin Ulakan Pariaman,also known as Sheikh Burhanuddin Ulakan,was an Islamic cleric (ulama) from the Minangkabau region. He is regarded as the pioneer of Islamic propagators in West Sumatra. He is also known as a commanding figure of the Islamic movements against the Dutch colonization. Regarding his Islamic belief,he was a Sufi murshid belonging to the Shattari tariqa based in Minangkabau region.
Kyai Hajji Wasyid bin Muhammad Abbas better known as Ki Wasyid,was an Indonesian hero who led the Cilegon war on July 9,1888,until his fall on the battlefield on July 30,1888,in Banten. In practice,Ki Wasyid's movement in the war was heavily influenced by the thinking of his teachers:Nawawi al-Bantani and Abdul Karim al-Bantani,a murshid of Qadiriyyah wa Naqshbandiyah tariqa.
Drs. Kyai Hajji Habib Ali Alwi bin Thohir Al Husainy is an Indonesian politician,da'i,Islamic scholar and founder of the Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Husainy,Serpong,South Tangerang,Banten. At the election of regional head and deputy regional head of Tangerang Regency in 2008,Alwi was nominated by the Democrat Party and the National Awakening Party as a candidate for vice regent along with Usamah Hisyam as a candidate for regent,but this pair was defeated by incumbent candidate Ismet Iskandar with Rano Karno as his deputy. Currently,Alwi serves as a senator representing the province of Banten in the Regional Representative Council.
Habib Bahar bin Smith is a preacher from Manado,North Sulawesi. Bahar is the leader and founder of the Prophet's Defender Council headquartered in Pondok Aren,South Tangerang. In addition,he is also the founder of Pondok Pesantren Tajul Alawiyyin in Kemang,Bogor Regency. Bahar is known as a preacher who often provokes the masses in a negative way. In each of his lectures,Habib Bahar was always accompanied and closely guarded by Islamic Defenders Front (FPI),and he was frequently accompanied by the Multipurpose Ansor Front when he preached in a place where his people were affiliated with Nahdlatul Ulama.
Abd al-Rauf ibn Ali al-Fansuri al-Sinkili was a well-known Islamic scholar,spiritual leader of the Shattariyya tariqa and the mufti of Aceh Sultanate. He was the confidant of Sultana Safiyat al-Din. He was considered the first person to spread the Shattari Sufi order in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. Many of his students also became disseminators of Islam. He is commonly known as Shaikh Abd al-Rauf al-Sinkili,and also known posthumously in Aceh as Teungku Syiah Kuala,which translates to "Sheikh in the Estuary".
Nahdlatul Wathan is an Islamic socio-religious organization based in Lombok,West Nusa Tenggara province,Indonesia. The organization was established by Muhammad Zainuddin Abdul Majid at Pancor,East Lombok Regency in 1953. The organization serves as a vehicle for societal movement,education,and Islamic proselytization (da'wah). It is currently the largest and the most influential Islamic mass organization in Lombok.
Abuya Kyai Hajji Ahmad Muhtadi bin Dimyathi al-Bantani or better known as Abuya Muhtadi is an Indonesian Muslim cleric from Banten. He is known as one of the Muslim scholars close to President Joko Widodo. At the Zikir Kebangsaan which was first held by the Indonesian government in the Merdeka Palace in 2017,Muhtadi was one of the religious leaders invited by the president. In the 2019 Indonesian presidential election,he supported a friend who was also a Muslim cleric from Banten,Ma'ruf Amin,who became the running mate of incumbent presidential candidate,Joko Widodo. Even so,in the 2014 Indonesian presidential election,he supported Prabowo Subianto as a candidate for Indonesian President and instructed his students to vote for Subianto.
Abuya Kyai Hajji Uci Turtusi bin Dimyati,better known as Abuya Uci,was an influential Indonesian Muslim cleric and preacher from Banten. Uci was the leader of the Pondok Pesantren Salafiyah Al-Istiqlaliyah Cilongok who succeeded his father,Abuya Dimyati bin Romli,who died in early 2001. The Pesantren was founded in 1957 by Abuya Dimyati,an influential cleric in the Tangerang Regency.
Kyai Hajji Zubair Dahlan was an Indonesian ulama of tafsir,fiqh,uṣūl al-fiqh,and tasawwuf from Rembang Regency,Central Java. Every year,in the month of Ramadan,Zubair always routinely teaches the Tafsir al-Jalalayn to his students. In addition,he also active in teaching branches of Arabic grammar and tawhid at the Pesantren Sarang. Zubair is the father of an influential cleric in Indonesia,Maimun Zubair,and a teacher of several Nahdlatul Ulama cleric such as Sahal Mahfudz,Bisri Syansuri,and others. Some of his students later became caregivers and leaders of famous pesantren in Indonesia,such as Pondok Pesantren Lirboyo,Pondok Pesantren Sidogiri,Pondok Pesantren Al-Falah Ploso,Pondok Pesantren Mranggen,and other pesantren.
KHR. As’ad Syamsul Arifin was an Indonesian ulama and co-founder of Nahdatul Ulama. In 2016,he was declared a National Hero of Indonesia.
Jam'iyyah Ahlith Thariqah al-Mu'tabarah an-Nahdliyyah or abbreviated as JATMAN is an Indonesian religious organization whose members focus on practicing the teachings of the tariqa.
