Myriopteris intertexta

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Myriopteris intertexta
Coastal lipfern, Myriopteris intertexta, White Mtns CA.JPG
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Family: Pteridaceae
Subfamily: Cheilanthoideae
Genus: Myriopteris
Species:
M. intertexta
Binomial name
Myriopteris intertexta
(Maxon) Grusz & Windham
Synonyms
  • Cheilanthes covilleiMaxon subsp. intertextaMaxon
  • Cheilanthes intertexta(Maxon) Maxon
  • Hemionitis intertexta(Maxon) Christenh.

Myriopteris intertexta, formerly Cheilanthes intertexta, [1] [2] is a species of lip fern known by the common name coastal lip fern. It is native to montane California and western Nevada, Oregon east of the Cascades, and with a disjunct population in central Utah. It grows in dry rocky habitats in sun, typically in rock cracks with little or no soil.

Contents

Description

This fern produces clusters of dark green leaves up to about 25 centimeters long. Each leaf is divided into bumpy segments which are subdivided into pairs of rounded beadlike ultimate segments with their edges curled under to make them concave underneath. Each ultimate segment is less than 3 millimeters wide, sparsely hairy on top and scaly on the underside. Its sori are mostly hidden under the scales and curled leaflet margin (false indusium). The long-lanceolate scales on the underside of the leaflets are approximately 1 mm wide at their base, intermediate between those of its two parents ( M. gracillima scales are very narrow (hair like) and those of M. covillei are 2–3 mm wide). The leaves arise from a short creeping rhizome, such that plants often have an elongated base, for example creeping along a rock crevice. [2]

Myriopteris intertexta lower leaf surface. Photograph by Timothy McNitt. Myriopteris intertexta McNitt 191313489.jpg
Myriopteris intertexta lower leaf surface. Photograph by Timothy McNitt.

Range

M. intertexta is found in Oregon, California, and eastern Nevada. In addition, there is an apparently disjunct population in north-central Utah on Mount Olympus in the Wasatch Range. The range of M. intertexta is intermediate between that of its two parents M. gracillima (with a range that extends further north) and M. covillei (with a range that extends further south and east into southern California, Arizona, and the Baja California peninsula and central Mexico). [2] [3] [4]

Taxonomy

This fern is thought to be an allotetraploid fertile hybrid of Myriopteris gracillima (maternal) and Myriopteris covillei (paternal). [2] [5] [6] [1] [7]

Related Research Articles

<i>Myriopteris covillei</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris covillei, formerly known as Cheilanthes covillei, is a species of cheilanthoid fern known by the common name Coville's lip fern. Coville's lip fern is native to the southwestern United States and Mexico.

<i>Myriopteris parryi</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris parryi, formerly known as Cheilanthes parryi, is a species of lip fern known by the common name Parry's lip fern.

<i>Myriopteris clevelandii</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris clevelandii, formerly known as Cheilanthes clevelandii, is a species of lip fern known by the common name Cleveland's lip fern. It is native to southern California and Baja California in Mexico. The leaf is divided into small, bead-like segments densely covered with scales beneath. In M. clevelandii, some of these scales are reduced to hairlike structures, which help distinguish it from the closely related M. covillei. It is usually found growing on exposed rock, particularly igneous rock.

<i>Myriopteris gracilis</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris gracilis, formerly known as Cheilanthes feei, is a species of lip fern known by the common name slender lip fern or Fee's lip fern.

<i>Myriopteris cooperae</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris cooperae, formerly Cheilanthes cooperae, is a species of lip fern known by the common name Mrs. Cooper's lip fern, or simply Cooper's lip fern.

<i>Myriopteris gracillima</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris gracillima, formerly known as Cheilanthes gracillima, is a species of lip fern known by the common name lace lip fern. It is native to western North America, where it grows in rocky habitat from British Columbia to California to Montana.

<i>Myriopteris newberryi</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris newberryi, formerly Cheilanthes newberryi, is a species of lip fern known by the common name Newberry's lip fern. It is native to southern California and Baja California.

<i>Myriopteris tomentosa</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris tomentosa, formerly known as Cheilanthes tomentosa, is a perennial fern known as woolly lipfern. Woolly lipfern is native to the southern United States, from Virginia to Arizona and Georgia, and Mexico.

<i>Myriopteris myriophylla</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris myriophylla, the Central American lace fern, is a species of lip fern. Despite its common name, this species is native as far south as Argentina. It is adapted to dry areas.

<i>Myriopteris</i> Genus of ferns

Myriopteris, commonly known as the lip ferns, is a genus of cheilanthoid ferns. Like other cheilanthoids, they are ferns of dry habitats, reproducing both sexually and apogamously. Many species have leaves divided into a large number of small, bead-like segments, the probable inspiration for the generic name. Hairs and/or scales are often present on both the upper and lower surfaces of the leaf, and their presence and appearance are useful in distinguishing between species. The genus is most diverse in Mexico, but species are found from southwestern Canada south to southern Chile, and one species is endemic to southern Africa.

<i>Myriopteris alabamensis</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris alabamensis, the Alabama lip fern, is a moderately-sized fern of the United States and Mexico, a member of the family Pteridaceae. Unlike many members of its genus, its leaves have a few hairs on upper and lower surfaces, or lack them entirely. One of the cheilanthoid ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes alabamensis until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows in shade on limestone outcrops.

Myriopteris aemula, the Texas lip fern or rival lip fern, is a moderately-sized fern of Texas and Mexico, a member of the family Pteridaceae. Unlike many members of its genus, its leaves have a few hairs on upper and lower surfaces, or lack them entirely. One of the cheilanthoid ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes aemula until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows on limestone rock.

Myriopteris yatskievychiana is a small fern native to Mexico, a member of the family Pteridaceae. It is known only from a single collection in the Mexican state of Sonora. While superficially similar to golden lip fern, a widespread species in Mexico, differences in its coating of hairs and its small size make it distinctive. One of the cheilanthoid ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes.

<i>Myriopteris aurea</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris aurea, the golden lip fern or Bonaire lip fern, is a moderately-sized fern native to the Americas, a member of the family Pteridaceae. Unlike many members of its genus, its leaf is only modestly dissected into lobed leaflets (pinnae), which are hairy both above and below. One of the cheilanthoid ferns, until 2013 it was classified in the genus Cheilanthes as Cheilanthes bonariensis, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows on dry, rocky slopes, and ranges from Mexico, where it is common and widespread, and the southwestern United States south and east through Central and South America as far as Chile and Argentina.

<i>Myriopteris rufa</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris rufa, commonly known as Eaton's lip fern, is a moderately-sized fern of Mexico and the southwestern United States, with outlying populations in Costa Rica and the Appalachian Mountains. One of the cheilanthoid ferns, it was usually classified in the genus Cheilanthes, as Cheilanthes eatonii, until 2013, when the genus Myriopteris was again recognized as separate from Cheilanthes. It typically grows in rocky habitats, most frequently on limestone but also sometimes on basalt or shale.

<i>Myriopteris wootonii</i> Species of fern

Myriopteris wootonii, formerly known as Cheilanthes wootonii, is a species of fern in the Pteridaceae family with the common name Wooton's lace fern.

<i>Myriopteris fendleri</i> Species of plant

Myriopteris fendleri, formerly known as Cheilanthes fendleri, is a species of fern in the Pteridaceae family with the common name Fendler's lip fern. It is native to the southwest United States and northern Mexico.

<i>Myriopteris lindheimeri</i>

Myriopteris lindheimeri, formerly known as Cheilanthes lindheimeri, is a species of fern in the Pteridaceae family with the common name fairy swords.

<i>Myriopteris scabra</i> Species of plant

Myriopteris scabra, commonly known as rough lipfern, is a species of cheilanthoid fern native to Mexico and the south-western United States (Texas).

<i>Myriopteris yavapensis</i>

Myriopteris yavapensis, formerly known as Cheilanthes yavapensis, is a species of cheilanthoid fern with the common name Yavapai lip fern native to the southwest United States.

References

  1. 1 2 Grusz & Windham 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Jepson: Myriopteris intertexta
  3. Jepson: Myriopteris gracillima
  4. Jepson: Myriopteris covillei
  5. Windham & Rabe 1993.
  6. Grusz, A. L., M. D. Windham, and K. M. Pryer. 2009. Deciphering the origins of apomictic polyploids in the Cheilanthes yavapensis complex (Pteridaceae). American Journal of Botany 96: 1636–1645
  7. Grusz et al. 2014.

Works cited

  • Grusz, Amanda L.; Windham, Michael D. (2013). "Toward a monophyletic Cheilanthes: The resurrection and recircumscription of Myriopteris (Pteridaceae)". PhytoKeys (32): 49–64. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.32.6733. PMC   3881352 . PMID   24399906.
  • Grusz, Amanda L.; Windham, Michael D.; Yatskievych, George; Huiet, Lane; Gastony, Gerald J.; Pryer, Kathleen M. (2014). "Patterns of Diversification in the Xeric-adapted Fern Genus Myriopteris (Pteridaceae)" (PDF). Systematic Botany. 39 (3): 698–714. doi:10.1600/036364414X681518. JSTOR   24546228.
  • Kirkpatrick, Ruth E.B.; Smith, Alan R.; Lemieux, Thomas; Alverson, Edward, eds. (2014). "Myriopteris intertexta". Jepson eFlora, Revision 2. Jepson Flora Project. Retrieved November 12, 2022.
  • Windham, Michael D.; Rabe, Eric W. (1993). "Cheilanthes intertexta". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. 2: Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. Retrieved October 3, 2022.