NASA Astronaut Group 16

Last updated
The Sardines
Nasa astronaut class of 1996.jpg
The astronauts of Group 16
Year selected1996
Number selected44
←  1994
1998  →

NASA Astronaut Group 16 ("The Sardines") was a group of 44 astronauts announced by NASA on May 1, 1996. [1] The class was nicknamed "The Sardines" for being such a large class, humorously implying that their training sessions would be as tightly packed as sardines in a can. [2] These 44 candidates compose the largest astronaut class to date. NASA selected so many candidates in preparation for the anticipated need for ISS crew members, along with regular shuttle needs. Nine of the 44 astronauts selected were from other countries including 5 from Europe and 2 from Canada and Japan.

Contents

Three members of this group, William C. McCool, David M. Brown, and Laurel B. Clark, died in the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster. [3] [4] [5] These three received the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. [6]

Pilots

STS-109 Columbia [8] (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission; Columbia's last successful flight)
STS-110 Atlantis [10] (ISS assembly mission – launched the S0 Truss Segment)
STS-122 Atlantis [11] (ISS assembly mission – launched the Columbus Laboratory)
STS-104 Atlantis [13] (ISS assembly mission – launched the Quest Joint Airlock)
STS-118 Endeavour [14] (ISS assembly mission – launched the S5 Truss Segment)
STS-129 Atlantis [15]
Pilot, STS-102 Discovery [17] (ISS resupply mission)
Pilot, STS-114 Discovery [18] (the first "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
Pilot, STS-108 Endeavour [21] (ISS supply mission)
Pilot, STS-121 Discovery [22] (ISS resupply mission; second "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
Commander, STS-124 Discovery [23] (ISS assembly mission – launched the Japanese Experiment Module)
Commander, STS-134 Endeavour [24] (ISS assembly mission – launched the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer-02 (AMS-02) and ExPRESS Logistics Carrier-3(ELC-3))
Pilot, STS-103 Discovery (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission) [26]
Commander, STS-118 Endeavour (ISS assembly mission – launched the S5 Truss Segment) [14]
Expedition 25 [27] /26 [28]
Soyuz TMA-01M (launch and landing vehicle for Expedition 25/26) [27]
Expedition 43 [29] /Expedition 44 [30] /Expedition 45 [31] /Expedition 46 [32]
Soyuz TMA-16M [29] /Soyuz TMA-18M [32] (Launch and landing vehicles for Expedition 43-46) ISS year long mission
STS-111 Endeavour [34] (ISS resupply mission)
STS-113 Endeavour [35] (launched the P1 Truss Segment, last flight before the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
STS-107 Columbia [38] (orbital science mission; last flight of Space Shuttle Columbia – RCC panel damage resulted in disintegration of Columbia)
STS-98 Atlantis [40] (ISS assembly mission – launched Destiny)
STS-116 Discovery [41] (ISS assembly mission – launched the P5 Truss Segment)
STS-127 Endeavour [42]

Mission specialists

STS-107 Columbia [38] (orbital science mission; last flight of Space Shuttle Columbia – RCC panel damage resulted in disintegration of Columbia)
STS-106 Atlantis [45] (ISS supply mission)
STS-115 Atlantis (ISS assembly mission – launched the P3/P4 Truss Assemblies) [46]
Soyuz TMA-22 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 29 [47] /Expedition 30 [48] )
ISS Expedition 29 [47] /Expedition 30 [48] (6 month mission to the ISS)
STS-114 Discovery [18] (the first "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
STS-107 Columbia [38] (orbital science mission; last flight of Space Shuttle Columbia – RCC panel damage resulted in disintegration of Columbia)
Soyuz TMA-4 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 9) [55]
ISS Expedition 9 (6 month mission to the ISS) [56]
Soyuz TMA-13(launch vehicle for Expedition 18) [57]
Expedition 18 [57]
STS-134 Endeavour [24]
STS-105 Discovery (ISS resupply flight) [59]
STS-117 Atlantis (ISS assembly mission – launched the S3/S4 Truss Assemblies) [60]
STS-128 Discovery [61]
STS-113 Endeavour (ISS assembly mission – launched the P1 Truss Segment) [35]
STS-116 Discovery (ISS assembly mission – launched the P5 Truss Segment) [41]
STS-112 Atlantis [65] (ISS assembly mission – launched the S1 Truss Segment)
STS-126 Endeavour [66]
ISS Expedition 18 – Flight Engineer (3 month expedition) [67] [68]
STS-135 Atlantis [69]
STS-109 Columbia [8] (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission; Columbia's last successful flight)
STS-125 Atlantis [71] (Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission)
STS-106 Atlantis [45] (ISS supply mission)
STS-118 Endeavour [14] (ISS assembly mission – launched the S5 Truss Segment)
STS-131 Discovery [73]
ISS Expedition 38 [74] /Expedition 39 [75] (6 month mission to the ISS)
Soyuz TMA-11M [74] (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 38/Expedition 39)
STS-110 Atlantis (ISS assembly mission – launched the S0 Truss Segment) [10]
STS-121 Discovery (ISS resupply mission; second Return to Flight mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster) [22]
Lisa Nowak was arrested on February 5, 2007, after confronting a woman entangled in a love triangle with a fellow astronaut. She was fired by NASA on March 7, [78] and she became the first astronaut to be both grounded and dismissed (prior astronauts who were grounded due to non-medical issues usually resigned or retired).
STS-113 Endeavour [35] (the launch vehicle of Expedition 6)
ISS Expedition 6 (5½ month mission to the ISS) [80]
Soyuz TMA-1 (the landing vehicle of Expedition 6) [81]
STS-126 Endeavour [66] (ISS resupply mission ULF2)
STS-100 Endeavour [83] (ISS assembly mission – launched Canadarm2)
ISS Expedition 11 (6 month mission to the ISS) [84]
Soyuz TMA-6 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 11) [85]
STS-119 Discovery [86]
STS-102 Discovery [17] (ISS resupply mission)
STS-112 Atlantis [65] (ISS assembly mission – launched the S1 Truss Segment)
STS-121 Discovery [22] (ISS resupply mission; Second "Return to Flight" Mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
STS-132 Atlantis [89]
STS-115 Atlantis [46] (ISS assembly mission – launched the P3/P4 Truss Assemblies)
STS-126 Endeavour [66] (ISS resupply mission ULF2)
STS-108 Endeavour [21] (ISS supply mission)
STS-120 Discovery [92] (the mission launched him to the ISS)
ISS Expedition 16 (served as a Flight Engineer) [93]
STS-122 Atlantis (the mission returned him to earth) [11]
STS-110 Atlantis [10] (ISS assembly mission – launched the S0 Truss Segment)
STS-122 Atlantis [11] (ISS assembly mission – launched the Columbus Laboratory)
STS-135 Atlantis [69]
STS-111 Endeavour [34] (the launch vehicle of Expedition 5)
ISS Expedition 5 (6 month mission to the ISS) [96]
STS-113 Endeavour (the landing vehicle of Expedition 5) [97]
Soyuz TMA-11 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 16) [95]
ISS Expedition 16 (6 month mission to the ISS) [98]
Soyuz MS-03 [99] /MS-04, [100] ISS Expedition 50 [99] /51 [101] /52 [100]
STS-101 Atlantis [103] (ISS supply mission)
Soyuz TMA-8 (the launch and landing vehicle of Expedition 13) [104]
ISS Expedition 13 (6 month mission to the ISS) [105]
Soyuz TMA-16, [106] ISS Expedition 21 [106] ]/22 [107]
Soyuz TMA-20M, [108] ISS Expedition 47 [108] /48 [109]
STS-121 Discovery [22] (ISS resupply mission; second Return to Flight mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
STS-120 Discovery [92] (ISS assembly mission – launched Harmony (Node 2))
STS-131 Discovery [73]
SpaceX Crew-9 (future flight)

International mission specialists

STS-95 Discovery [112] (orbital science mission)
Soyuz TMA-3 (flew as a Flight Engineer for the Soyuz TMA) [113]
Soyuz TMA-2 (flew as a Flight Engineer for the Soyuz TMA) [114]
STS-116 Discovery [41] (ISS assembly mission – launched the P5 Truss Segment)
STS-128 Discovery [61]
STS-75 Columbia [117] (orbital science mission) – flight performed before being selected as Mission Specialist
STS-100 Endeavour [83] (ISS assembly mission – launched Canadarm2)
STS-52 Columbia [119] (deployed the LAGEOS-II Satellite) – flight performed before being selected as Mission Specialist
STS-115 Atlantis [46] (ISS assembly mission – launched the P3/P4 Truss Assemblies)
STS-47 Endeavour [121] (orbital science mission) – flight performed before being selected as Mission Specialist
STS-99 Endeavour [122] (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission)
STS-114 Discovery [18] (the first "Return to Flight" mission after the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster)
Soyuz TMA-17 (ISS Expedition 22) [124]
SpaceX Crew 1 (First official SpaceX crew mission to ISS) [125]
STS-96 Discovery [127] (ISS supply mission)
STS-127 Endeavour [42] (ISS supply mission)
STS-111 Endeavour [34] (ISS resupply mission)
STS-99 Endeavour [122] (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission)

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ken Bowersox</span> American astronaut (born 1956)

Kenneth Dwane "Sox" Bowersox is a United States Navy officer, and a former NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of five Space Shuttle launches and an extended stay aboard the International Space Station. When he launched on STS-73 at the age of 38 years and 11 months, he became the youngest person to command a Space Shuttle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kenneth Cockrell</span>

Kenneth Dale "Taco" Cockrell is a retired American astronaut, engineer and a veteran of five Space Shuttle missions. He served as Chief of the Astronaut Office from 1997 to 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Shepherd</span> American astronaut (born 1949)

William McMichael "Bill" Shepherd, , is an American former Navy SEAL, aerospace, ocean, and mechanical engineer, and NASA astronaut, who served as commander of Expedition 1, the first crew on the International Space Station. He is a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Linda M. Godwin</span> American astronaut

Linda Maxine Godwin is an American scientist and retired NASA astronaut. Godwin joined NASA in 1980 and became an astronaut in July 1986. She retired in 2010. During her career, Godwin completed four space flights and logged over 38 days in space. Godwin also served as the assistant to the director for exploration, Flight Crew Operations Directorate at the Johnson Space Center. Since retiring from NASA, she accepted the position of professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Missouri.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scott Kelly (astronaut)</span> American engineer and astronaut (born 1964)

Scott Joseph Kelly is an American engineer, retired astronaut, and naval aviator. A veteran of four space flights, Kelly commanded the International Space Station (ISS) on Expeditions 26, 45, and 46.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mario Runco Jr.</span> NASA astronaut

Mario Runco Jr. is a former United States Naval officer and NASA astronaut. He was selected as an astronaut with in 1987. He flew three Space Shuttle missions, performed a spacewalk on his second mission, and is now retired both from NASA and the U.S. Navy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kathryn C. Thornton</span> American scientist and a former NASA astronaut

Kathryn Ryan Cordell Thornton is an American scientist and a former NASA astronaut with over 975 hours in space, including 21 hours of extravehicular activity. She was the associate dean for graduate programs at the University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science, currently a professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">James S. Voss</span> American Army officer and NASA astronaut

James Shelton Voss is a retired United States Army colonel and NASA astronaut. During his time with NASA, Voss flew in space five times on board the Space Shuttle and International Space Station. He also served as deputy of Flight Operations for the Space Station Program Mission Integration and Operations Office. While participating in ISS Expedition 2, he and Susan Helms conducted an 8-hour and 56 minute spacewalk, the longest to date.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Expedition 4</span> 4th long duration stay in the International space station

Expedition 4 was the fourth expedition to the International Space Station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michael E. Fossum</span>

Michael Edward Fossum is a former American astronaut, engineer, and the Chief Operating Officer of Texas A&M University at Galveston. He flew into space on board the NASA Space Shuttle missions STS-121 and STS-124 and served as a mission specialist of Expedition 28 and commander of Expedition 29 aboard the International Space Station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Marshburn</span> American physician and NASA astronaut

Thomas Henry Marshburn is an American physician and a former NASA astronaut. He is a veteran of three spaceflights to the International Space Station and holds the record for the oldest person to perform a spacewalk at 61 years old.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Akihiko Hoshide</span> Japanese engineer and JAXA astronaut

Akihiko Hoshide is a Japanese engineer, JAXA astronaut, and former commander of the International Space Station. On August 30, 2012, Hoshide became the third Japanese astronaut to walk in space.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2010 in spaceflight</span> Spaceflight-related events of 2010

The year 2010 saw a number of notable events in worldwide spaceflight activities. These included the first test flight of the SpaceX Dragon commercial resupply spacecraft, which is intended to resupply the International Space Station (ISS), and the maiden flights of the Falcon 9 and Minotaur IV rockets. In June 2010, South Korea conducted a second Naro-1 launch, after the failure of the rocket's maiden flight in 2009; however, the second attempt also failed. The Kosmos-3M was retired from service, making its final flight in April. The Molniya-M was also retired from service, making its final flight in September.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 13</span>

NASA Astronaut Group 13 was a group of 23 astronauts announced by NASA on 17 January 1990. The group name came from its selection of a black cat as a mascot, to play against the traditional unlucky connotations of the number 13.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 17</span> 1998 group of 32 astronaut candidates

NASA Astronaut Group 17, were chosen by NASA in 1998 and announced on June 4 of that year. The group of 32 candidates included eight pilots, 17 mission specialists, and seven international mission specialists who became NASA astronauts. They began training in August 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 15</span> 1994 human spaceflight selection of 23 candidates; "The Flying Escargot"

NASA Astronaut Group 15 was a group of 23 NASA astronauts announced on December 8, 1994. Group members adopted The Flying Escargot as their moniker, in reference to two members of the group being from France. The group featured ten pilots, nine mission specialists, and four international mission specialist trainees from France, Canada and Japan.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 9</span>

NASA Astronaut Group 9 was a group of 19 NASA astronauts announced on May 29, 1980, and completed their training by 1981. This group was selected to supplement the 35 astronauts that had been selected in 1978, and marked the first time that non-Americans were trained as mission specialists with the selections of ESA astronauts Claude Nicollier and Wubbo Ockels. In keeping with the previous group, astronaut candidates were divided into pilots and mission specialists, with eight pilots, eleven mission specialists, and two international mission specialists within the group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 12</span> Group of astronauts selected in 1987

NASA Astronaut Group 12 was a group of 15 astronauts announced by NASA on June 5, 1987.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 14</span>

NASA Astronaut Group 14 was a group of 24 astronauts announced by NASA on 31 March 1992. The group's name derived from The Muppet Show skit "Pigs in Space" and from the group's sponsorship of a pot-bellied pig at the Houston Zoo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NASA Astronaut Group 11</span>

NASA Astronaut Group 11 was a group of 13 NASA astronauts announced on 4 June 1985.

References

PD-icon.svg This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration .

  1. ↑ Campion, Ed; Herring, Kyle (1 May 1996). "Release 96-84: NASA Selects Astronaut Class of 1996" (TXT). NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  2. ↑ Shekhtman, Svetlana (16 March 2021). "Newly Named Asteroids Reflect Contributions of Pioneering Astronauts". Humans in Space. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  3. ↑ Hull, Anne (2 February 2003). "Obituary for William C. McCool (Aged 41)". The Philadelphia Inquirer . The Lenfest Institute. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  4. ↑ Hull, Anne (2 February 2003). "Obituary for David M. Brown (Aged 46)". The Philadelphia Inquirer . The Lenfest Institute. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  5. ↑ Hull, Anne (2 February 2003). "Obituary for Laurel Blair Salton Clark (Aged 41)". The Philadelphia Inquirer . The Lenfest Institute. The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  6. ↑ NASA History Division (28 April 2006). "Congressional Space Medal of Honor". Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  7. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2004). "Duane G. "Digger" Carey" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  8. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-109". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  9. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2010). "Stephen N. Frick" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  10. 1 2 3 Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-110". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  11. 1 2 3 Nevills, Amiko (24 April 2008). "STS-122". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  12. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (September 2011). "Charles Owen Hobaugh" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  13. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-104". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  14. 1 2 3 "STS-118". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  15. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (29 January 2010). "STS-129". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  16. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (December 2016). "James M. Kelly" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  17. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-102". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  18. 1 2 3 Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-114". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  19. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2011). "Mark E. Kelly" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  20. 1 2 Halvorson, Todd (2 May 1996). "New set includes identical twins". Florida Today . Gannett. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021– via Newspapers.com.
  21. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-108". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  22. 1 2 3 4 "STS-121". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  23. ↑ Nevills, Amiko (20 June 2008). "STS-124". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  24. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (9 June 2011). "STS-134". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  25. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (February 2016). "Scott J. Kelly" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  26. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-103". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  27. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (7 October 2010). "Three New Station Crew Members Launch from Kazakhstan". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  28. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (16 March 2011). "Expedition 26 Returns Home". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  29. 1 2 Garcia, Mark (27 March 2015). "Crew Begins Year In Space". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  30. ↑ Garcia, Mark (22 July 2015). "Soyuz Rocket Launches Expedition 44 Trio to Space". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  31. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (August 2015). "Expedition 45 Mission Summary" (PDF). International Space Station. NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  32. 1 2 Garcia, Mark (1 March 2016). "Veteran Station Crew Returns to Earth after Historic Mission". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  33. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2009). "Paul S. Lockhart" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  34. 1 2 3 Ryba, Jeanne (16 February 2010). "STS-111". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  35. 1 2 3 Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-113". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  36. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (February 2016). "Christopher J. "Gus" Loria" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  37. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (May 2004). "William C. McCool" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  38. 1 2 3 Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-107". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  39. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2012). "Mark L. Polansky" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  40. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-98". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  41. 1 2 3 "STS-116". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  42. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (7 August 2009). "STS-127". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  43. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (May 2004). "David M. Brown" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  44. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2018). "Daniel C. Burbank" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  45. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-106". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  46. 1 2 3 Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-115". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  47. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (14 November 2011). "New Crew Launches to Join Expedition 29". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  48. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (27 April 2012). "Expedition 30 Lands in Kazakhstan". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  49. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (September 2014). "Yvonne Darlene Cagle, M.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  50. ↑ Mars, Kelli (12 April 2021). "NASA Management Astronauts: 12 April 2021". NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  51. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2009). "Fernando (Frank) Caldeiro" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  52. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2019). "Charles J. Camarda, Ph.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  53. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (May 2004). "Laurel BLair Salton Clark, M.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  54. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (April 2021). "E. Michael Fincke" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  55. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (21 April 2004). "International Space Station Status Report #04-21". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  56. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (18 April 2004). "International Space Station Status Report #04-20". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  57. 1 2 Petty, John Ira (12 October 2008). "Expedition 18 Crew Launches from Baikonur". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  58. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (June 2017). "Patrick G. Forrester" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  59. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-105". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  60. ↑ "STS-117". Mission Archives. NASA. 2 April 2008. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  61. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (23 September 2009). "STS-128". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  62. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (August 2005). "John Bennett Herrington" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  63. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (November 2007). "Joan E. Higginbotham" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  64. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2012). "Sandra H. Magnus, Ph.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  65. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-112". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  66. 1 2 3 Kauderer, Amiko (19 December 2008). "STS-126". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  67. ↑ Carreau, Mark (15 November 2008). "Endeavour docks with international space station". Houston Chronicle . Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2008.
  68. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Kauderer, Amiko (16 November 2008). "STS-126 Mission Control Center Status Report #5". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  69. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (28 July 2011). "STS-135". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  70. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2014). "Michael J. Massimino, Ph.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  71. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (30 September 2009). "STS-125". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  72. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (December 2016). "Rick Mastracchio" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  73. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (27 April 2010). "STS-131". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  74. 1 2 Garcia, Mark (7 November 2013). "Station Home to Nine Residents". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  75. ↑ Wright, Jerry (13 May 2014). "Expedition 39 Crew Returns to Earth After Six Months on Station". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  76. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (December 2016). "Lee M. Morin" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  77. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (March 2007). "Lisa M. Nowak" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  78. ↑ "NASA fires astronaut Lisa Nowak". NBC News . Associated Press. 7 March 2007. Archived from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 26 June 2008.
  79. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2019). "Donald R. Pettit" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 May 2021. Retrieved 13 May 2021.
  80. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (23 November 2002). "STS-113 Mission Control Center Status Report #1". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  81. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (4 May 2003). "International Space Station Status Report #03-21". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  82. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (August 2011). "John L. Phillips, Ph.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  83. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-100". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 8 May 2021.
  84. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (14 April 2005). "New Station Crew Launches from Baikonur". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  85. ↑ "Expedition 11 Press Kit" (PDF). International Space Station. NASA. 4 April 2004. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  86. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (16 April 2019). "STS-119". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  87. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (October 2019). "Paul William Richards" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  88. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (June 2011). "Piers J. Sellers, Ph.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  89. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (4 June 2010). "STS-132". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  90. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (July 2009). "Heidemarie M. Stefanyshyn-Piper" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  91. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (August 2012). "Daniel M. Tani" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  92. 1 2 Jeanne, Ryba (2 April 2008). "STS-120". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
  93. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Nevills, Amiko (25 October 2007). "STS-120 Mission Control Center Status Report #6". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  94. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (August 2020). "Rex J. Walheim" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  95. 1 2 Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (June 2018). "Peggy A. Whitson, Ph.D." (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  96. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (5 June 2002). "STS-111 Mission Control Center Status Report #1". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  97. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (7 December 2002). "STS-113 Mission Control Center Status Report #28". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  98. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (11 October 2007). "Expedition 16 Crew Docks with Space Station". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  99. 1 2 Garcia, Mark (17 November 2016). "Expedition 50 Launches on Two-Day Trip to Station". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  100. 1 2 Garcia, Mark (2 September 2017). "Touchdown! Expedition 52 Back on Earth". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  101. ↑ Garcia, Mark (20 April 2017). "New Expedition 51 Duo Docks to Station". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  102. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (May 2019). "Jeffrey N. Williams" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  103. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (15 February 2010). "STS-101". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  104. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Watanabe, Susan (13 January 2006). "Expedition 13 Crew Briefing". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  105. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Kauderer, Amiko (29 March 2006). "New Station Crew Launches From Baikonur". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  106. 1 2 Kauderer, Amiko (30 September 2009). "Expedition 21 Crew Launches From Kazakhstan". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  107. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (18 March 2010). "Soyuz Landing Caps Milestone Space Station Mission". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  108. 1 2 Garcia, Mark (19 March 2016). "New Expedition 47 Crew Arrives at Station". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  109. ↑ Garcia, Mark (6 September 2016). "Expedition 48 Lands With Most Experienced NASA Astronaut". NASA News. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  110. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (June 2019). "Stephanie D. Wilson" (PDF). Biographical Data. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  111. ↑ "Pedro Duque". Astronauts. ESA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  112. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-95". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  113. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (30 August 2003). "International Space Station Status Report #03-43". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  114. ↑ Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center; Petty, John Ira (11 June 2003). "International Space Station Status Report #03-28". Johnson News. Houston, Texas: NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  115. ↑ "Christer Fuglesang". Astronauts. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  116. ↑ "Umberto Guidoni". Astronauts. ESA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  117. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-75". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  118. ↑ "Biography of Steve MacLean". Astronauts. Canadian Space Agency. 4 February 2013. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  119. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (31 March 2010). "STS-52". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  120. ↑ "Mamoru Mohri (Ph.D.)". Biographies. JAXA. 6 October 2011. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  121. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (2 April 2010). "STS-47". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  122. 1 2 Ryba, Jeanne (12 February 2010). "STS-99". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
  123. ↑ "Soichi Noguchi (Dr. Phil.)". Biographies. JAXA. 14 May 2020. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  124. ↑ Kauderer, Amiko (22 December 2009). "Three New Expedition 22 Crew Members Welcomed Aboard Station". International Space Station. NASA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  125. ↑ Brown, Katherine (16 November 2020). "20-114: NASA's SpaceX Crew-1 Astronauts Headed to International Space Station". Commercial Space. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  126. 1 2 "Biography of Julie Payette". Astronauts. Canadian Space Agency. 11 February 2019. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  127. ↑ Ryba, Jeanne (23 November 2007). "STS-96". Mission Archives. NASA. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  128. ↑ "Philippe Perrin". Astronauts. ESA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  129. ↑ "Gerhard P.J. Thiele". Astronauts. ESA. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.