Soyuz TMA-11

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Soyuz TMA-11
Expedition 16 Soyuz Launch.JPG
Operator Roscosmos
COSPAR ID 2007-045A OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
SATCAT no. 32256 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Mission duration191 days, 19 hours, 17 minutes
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type Soyuz-TMA 11F732
Manufacturer Energia
Crew
Crew size3
Members Yuri Malenchenko
Peggy A. Whitson
Launching Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor
Landing Yi So-Yeon
Start of mission
Launch dateOctober 10, 2007, 13:22:39 (2007-10-10UTC13:22:39Z) UTC
Rocket Soyuz-FG
Launch site Baikonur 1/5
End of mission
Landing dateApril 19, 2008, 08:30 (2008-04-19UTC08:31Z) UTC
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric
Regime Low Earth
Inclination 51.6 degrees
Docking with ISS
Docking port Zarya
Docking date12 October 2007
14:50 UTC
Undocking date19 April 2008
05:06 UTC
Time docked189d 14h 16m
Soyuz TMA-11 Patch.png Sozuztma11crew.jpg
From left to right: Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, Yuri Malenchenko, Peggy Whitson
Soyuz programme
(Crewed missions)

Soyuz TMA-11 was a human spaceflight mission using a Soyuz-TMA spacecraft to transport personnel to and from the International Space Station (ISS). The mission began at 13:22 UTC on October 10, 2007, when the spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle. It brought to the station two members of the ISS Expedition 16 crew, as well as Sheikh Muszaphar, the first Malaysian in space. TMA-11 remained at the station as an escape craft, and returned safely to Earth on April 19, 2008, after it had been replaced by Soyuz TMA-12. Although the vehicle landed safely, it suffered a partial separation failure which caused a ballistic re-entry that in turn caused it to land 475 km from the intended landing point.

Contents

Crew

Position Launching crewLanding crew
Commander Flag of Russia.svg Yuri Malenchenko, Roscosmos
Expedition 16
Fourth spaceflight
Flight Engineer Flag of the United States.svg Peggy Whitson, NASA
Expedition 16
Second spaceflight
Spaceflight Participant Flag of Malaysia.svg Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor, ANGKASA [1] [2]
Only spaceflight		 Flag of South Korea.svg Yi So-Yeon, KAP [3] [4]
Only spaceflight

Backup crew

Position Launching crewLanding crew
Commander Flag of Russia.svg Salizhan Sharipov, Roscosmos
Flight Engineer Flag of the United States.svg Michael Fincke, NASA
Spaceflight Participant Flag of Malaysia.svg Faiz Khaleed, ANGKASA [5] Flag of South Korea.svg Ko San, KAP

Crew notes

Sheikh Muszaphar flew as a guest of the Russian government. [6] Under this program, in exchange for the multi-billion purchase of fighter jets by Malaysia, the Russian Federation bore the cost of training two Malaysians for space travel and for sending one to the ISS.

Sheikh Muszaphar's role aboard the Soyuz is referred to as a Spaceflight Participant in English-language Russian Federal Space Agency and NASA documents and press briefings. [5] [7] [8] [9] This caused some confusion among the public, since the term Spaceflight Participant is also used for space tourists. Speaking to Malaysian media outlets, Alexander Karchava, the Russian ambassador to Malaysia, stated that Sheikh Muszaphar is a "fully-fledged cosmonaut". [10] In an interview with the Malaysian Star newspaper, Robert Gibson, a retired NASA astronaut, shared his opinion that Sheikh Muszaphar is fully qualified as an astronaut, and as such, he should be called one. Gibson also said he regarded Sheikh Muszaphar as a peer. [11]

Mission highlights

Soyuz TMA-11 spacecraft approaches the International Space Station. ISS-16 Soyuz TMA-11 arrival.jpg
Soyuz TMA-11 spacecraft approaches the International Space Station.

The launch, which took place at 13:22 UTC (5:22 p.m. Moscow time) on October 10, 2007, "Went off successfully and without a hitch" according to a Russian official. [12] In Malaysia, crowds in the capital city of Kuala Lumpur cheered as they watched the live launch broadcast on television sets in Dataran Merdeka (Independence Square). The giant screen originally set up for this purpose failed to function properly. [13]

The Soyuz TMA-11 docking to the ISS occurred at 14:50 UTC on October 12, 2007. [14]

Ballistic reentry

The spacecraft landed in Kazakhstan on April 19, 2008. Similar to Soyuz TMA-1 / Expedition 6 and Soyuz TMA-10 / Expedition 15, the Soyuz performed a ballistic reentry, a reentry steeper than a normal reentry, due to a malfunction and landed 475 km from the intended landing point. This was the second such event in a row for Soyuz TMA. Although the crew were recovered with no serious injuries, the spacecraft's hatch and antenna suffered burn damage during the unusual reentry. Yi So-yeon was hospitalized after her return to South Korea. The South Korean Science Ministry stated that the astronaut had a minor injury to her neck muscles and had bruised her spinal column. [15] [16] The Russian news agency Interfax reported the ship may have entered the atmosphere hatch-first. [17]

Anatoly Perminov, the head of the Russian Federal Space Agency, speculated that the ballistic reentry was connected to a Russian nautical superstition that having more women than men on a craft was unlucky. [18] The return flight of Soyuz TMA-11 was the first time two women flew together on board a Soyuz, and it was the first time women outnumbered men aboard a spacecraft since Valentina Tereshkova's solo flight in 1963. "This isn't discrimination," Perminov stated when challenged on the point. "I'm just saying that when a majority [of the crew] is female, sometimes certain kinds of unsanctioned behaviour or something else occurs." Perminov said he would try to ensure that the number of women would not exceed the number of men in the future. [19]

On May 24, 2008, Perminov announced the results of the investigation into the malfunction. The principal reason for the unusual re-entry was failure of the service module to separate normally as a result of one of five pyro-bolts malfunctioning. [20] The root cause of the failure was not definitively determined, but the Russian investigation concluded that long-term exposure to the electrical environment surrounding the ISS may have damaged the firing system. A similar anomaly occurred during the re-entry of Soyuz 5 in 1969.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz programme</span> Human spaceflight programme of the Soviet Union

The Soyuz programme is a human spaceflight programme initiated by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s. The Soyuz spacecraft was originally part of a Moon landing project intended to put a Soviet cosmonaut on the Moon. It was the third Soviet human spaceflight programme after the Vostok (1961–1963) and Voskhod (1964–1965) programmes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yuri Malenchenko</span> Russian cosmonaut (born 1961)

Yuri Ivanovich Malenchenko is a retired Russian cosmonaut. Malenchenko became the first person to marry in space, on 10 August 2003, when he married Ekaterina Dmitrieva, who was in Texas, while he was 240 miles (390 km) over New Zealand, on the International Space Station. As of December 2023, Malenchenko ranks third for career time in space due to his time on both Mir and the International Space Station (ISS). He is a former commander of the International Space Station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fyodor Yurchikhin</span> Russian cosmonaut and engineer (born 1959)

Fyodor Nikolayevich Yurchikhin is a Russian cosmonaut of Pontic Greek descent, engineer and RSC Energia test-pilot who has flown on five spaceflights. His first spaceflight was a 10-day Space Shuttle mission STS-112. His second was a long-duration stay aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as a flight engineer for Expedition 15; for this mission he was launched in the Soyuz TMA-10 spacecraft. He has undertaken two further long-duration stays aboard the ISS, as a crew member of Expedition 24 / 25. For this mission he was launched with the spacecraft Soyuz TMA-19, and he landed in November 2010, also with the Soyuz TMA-19 spacecraft. He served as Soyuz commander for his fourth mission aboard Soyuz TMA-09M, as flight engineer for Expedition 36 and ISS commander for Expedition 37. In April 2017, Yurchikhin launched on Soyuz MS-04 for the fifth spaceflight of his career, a six-month mission to the ISS as part of Expedition 51 and 52, for which he was the commander.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-1</span> 2002 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-1, also catalogued as Soyuz TM-35, was a 2002 Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS) launched by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle with a Russian-Belgian cosmonaut crew blasted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. This was the fifth Russian Soyuz spacecraft to fly to the ISS. It was also the first flight of the TMA-class Soyuz spacecraft. Soyuz TM-34 was the last of the prior Soyuz-TM spacecraft to be launched.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-10</span> 2007 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-10 was a human spaceflight mission using a Soyuz-TMA spacecraft to transport personnel to and from the International Space Station (ISS). The mission began at 17:31:09 UTC on April 7, 2007 when the spacecraft was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome by a Soyuz FG launch vehicle. Soyuz TMA-10 brought to the station two members of ISS Expedition 15 crew, along with one spaceflight participant. It remained at the space station as an escape craft until it was replaced by Soyuz TMA-11 in October 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angkasawan program</span> Malaysian government initiative

The Angkasawan program was an initiative by the Malaysian government to send a Malaysian to the International Space Station on board Soyuz TMA-11. The program was named after the Malay word for astronaut, Angkasawan. It resulted in Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor becoming the first Malaysian in space on 10 October 2007.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-12</span> 2008 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-12 was a Soyuz mission to the International Space Station (ISS) which was launched by a Soyuz FG rocket at 11:16 UTC on 8 April 2008. It docked to the Pirs module of the station on 10 April 2008. Landing occurred at 03:37 on 24 October. It was the first nominal landing in three missions, following separation failures on the Soyuz TMA-10 and 11 spacecraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor</span> Malaysian medical officer and spaceflight participant (born 1972)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-13</span> 2008 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-17</span> 2009 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-17 was a human spaceflight mission to the International Space Station (ISS). TMA-17 crew members participated in ISS Expedition 22 and Expedition 23. The mission ended when the Soyuz TMA-17 capsule landed on 2 June 2010.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-18</span> 2010 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-18 was a 2010 Soyuz flight to the International Space Station (ISS). TMA-18 was the 105th crewed flight of a Soyuz spacecraft since the first crewed flight in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-19</span> 2010 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-19 was a crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) and is part of the Soyuz programme. It was launched on 15 June 2010 carrying three members of the Expedition 24 crew to the International Space Station, who remained aboard the station for around six months. Soyuz TMA-19 was the 106th crewed flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, since the first mission which was launched in 1967. The spacecraft remained docked to the space station for the remainder of Expedition 24, and for Expedition 25, to serve as an emergency escape vehicle. It undocked from ISS and landed in Kazakhstan on 26 November 2010. It was the 100th mission to be conducted as part of the International Space Station programme since assembly began in 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-20</span> 2010 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-20 was a human spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) and was part of the Soyuz programme. It lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on December 15, 2010, and docked with the ISS two days later. The three-person crew of Soyuz TMA-20 – Dmitri Kondratyev, Catherine Coleman and Paolo Nespoli – represented the ISS partner organizations of Roscosmos, NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA). Soyuz TMA-20's crew represented half of the members of Expedition 27; the other three members of the expedition arrived at the station on board Soyuz TMA-21 on April 6, 2011. The COSPAR ID of Soyuz TMA-20 was 2010-067A. It is ISS flight 25S.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-21</span> 2011 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-21 ("Gagarin") was a Soyuz flight to the International Space Station (ISS). It transported three members of the Expedition 27 crew to the ISS, and docked at the station on April 6, 2011. TMA-21 is the 109th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, the first of which launched in 1967. The Soyuz remained attached to the space station as a lifeboat, throughout the remainder of Expedition 27 and through the end of Expedition 28, and returned to Earth on September 16, 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-02M</span> 2011 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-02M was a space mission that transported three members of the Expedition 28 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-02M was the 110th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft and the second flight of the improved Soyuz-TMA-M series. The Soyuz remained docked to the space station for the Expedition 28 increment to serve as a potential emergency escape vehicle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-22</span> 2011 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-22 was a crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS). TMA-22 was the 111th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, and transported three members of the Expedition 29 crew to the ISS. The spacecraft docked to the ISS on 16 November 2011, and remained docked to serve as an emergency escape vehicle until its undocking on 27 April 2012. Soyuz TMA-22 successfully landed in Kazakhstan on 27 April 2012 11:45 GMT.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-03M</span> 2011 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-03M was a spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS). It launched on 21 December 2011 from Site One at the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan, carrying three members of Expedition 30 to the ISS. TMA-03M was the 112th flight of a Russian Soyuz spacecraft, since the first in 1967, and the third flight of the modernised Soyuz-TMA-M version. The docking with the International Space Station took place at 19:19 Moscow Time on 23 December, three minutes ahead of schedule.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-08M</span> 2013 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-08M, identified as Soyuz 34 or 34S by NASA, was a 2013 flight to the International Space Station. It transported three members of the Expedition 35 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-08M was the 117th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, the first flight launching in 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Soyuz TMA-16M</span> 2015 Russian crewed spaceflight to the ISS

Soyuz TMA-16M was a 2015 flight to the International Space Station. It transported three members of the Expedition 43 crew to the station. TMA-16M was the 125th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft, the first having launched in 1967.

References

  1. ↑ Shavkat Rakhmatullayev (October 10, 2007). "Russian rocket launches first Malaysian into space". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved October 10, 2007.
  2. ↑ "Soyuz Craft Lands Safely in Kazakhstan". ABC News. Associated Press. 2007. Archived from the original on June 8, 2009. Retrieved October 21, 2007.
  3. ↑ Cho Jin-seo (2007). "Sputnik and Arirang: 50 Years of Space Exploration and Korea". The Korea Times. Archived from the original on October 16, 2007. Retrieved October 30, 2007.
  4. ↑ "S. Korean astronaut to fly to space station". NBC News. Associated Press. 2007. Retrieved October 30, 2007.
  5. 1 2 NASA (2007-07-17). "NASA Holds Briefing With First Female Station Commander and Crew". NASA.
  6. ↑ William Harwood for CBS News (2007). "New crew arrives at station aboard Soyuz capsule". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved December 20, 2007.
  7. ↑ NASA (2007). "NASA TV Coverage Set for Space Station Crew Exchange". NASA. Retrieved October 10, 2007.
  8. ↑ MSNBC (2007). "Russian tycoon-explorer may go into space". NBC News. Retrieved October 10, 2007.
  9. ↑ Russian Federal Space Agency (2007). "Biography of Dr Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor in Russian Federal Space Agency Website". Russian Federal Space Agency. Archived from the original on October 27, 2007. Retrieved October 12, 2007.
  10. ↑ theStar (2007). "Russian envoy confirms that Malaysian is not a 'mere passenger'". TheStar. Retrieved October 4, 2007.
  11. ↑ TheStar (2007). "Malaysian a full-fledged cosmonaut, says ex-astronaut". TheStar. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved October 11, 2007.
  12. ↑ Shavkat Rakhmatullayev (2007-10-10). "Russian rocket launches first Malaysian into space". Reuters. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007.
  13. ↑ The Star (2007). "Angkasawan's restaurant staff host celebration". The Star. Archived from the original on October 13, 2007. Retrieved December 20, 2007.
  14. ↑ Vladamir Isachenkov (2007). "Soyuz Craft Docks With International Space Station". Space.com. Retrieved December 20, 2007.
  15. ↑ Lee Ji-yeon (30 April 2008). "Great ball of fire! Nomads saved astronauts". MSNBC. Archived from the original on 2008-05-06.
  16. ↑ "South Korean Astronaut Hospitalized", Aviation Week, May 2, 2008
  17. ↑ Soyuz crew was in danger during descent Archived May 1, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ↑ Jeff Foust (20 April 2008). "With partners like these…". spacepolitics.com. Retrieved March 19, 2023.
  19. ↑ "Russian space capsule misses landing by 420 km". 19 April 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-05-10. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
  20. ↑ "Soyuz TMA-11". spacefacts.de. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
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