COSPAR ID | 1988-048A |
---|---|
SATCAT no. | 19204 |
Mission duration | 91 days, 10 hours, 46 minutes, 25 seconds [1] |
Orbits completed | ~1,475 |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft | Soyuz 7K-STM No. 55 |
Spacecraft type | Soyuz-TM |
Manufacturer | NPO Energia |
Launch mass | 7,000 kilograms (15,000 lb) |
Crew | |
Crew size | 3 up 2 down |
Launching | Anatoly Solovyev Viktor Savinykh Aleksandr Aleksandrov |
Landing | Vladimir Lyakhov Abdul Ahad Mohmand |
Callsign | Родни́к (Rodnik- Spring) |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 7 June 1988, 14:03:13 UTC [1] |
Rocket | Soyuz-U2 |
Launch site | Baikonur 1/5 |
End of mission | |
Landing date | 7 September 1988, 00:49:38 UTC |
Landing site | 202 kilometres (126 mi) SE of Dzhezkazgan |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Geocentric |
Regime | Low Earth |
Perigee altitude | 173 kilometres (107 mi) |
Apogee altitude | 241 kilometres (150 mi) |
Inclination | ~51.6 degrees |
Period | 88.6 minutes |
Docking with Mir [2] | |
Docking date | 9 June 1988, 15:57:10 UTC |
Undocking date | 5 September 1988, 23:54:57 UTC |
![]() Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) |
Soyuz TM-5 was a crewed Soyuz spaceflight to Mir. It was launched on June 7, 1988, carrying the Mir EP-2 mission's three-person crew. This week-long stay on Mir occurred during the third long-duration Mir expedition, Mir EO-3. The crew of EP-2 returned to Earth aboard Soyuz TM-4, while the TM-5 spacecraft remained docked to Mir, acting as the lifeboat for the long-duration crew. On September 7, 1988, the TM-5 spacecraft undocked from Mir, and landed Mir EP-3 mission's two-person visiting crew. The de-orbit procedures for Soyuz were revised after this flight, as multiple issues almost prevented the descent module's safe de-orbit and landing.
Position | Launching crew | Landing crew |
---|---|---|
Commander | ![]() Mir EP-2 First spaceflight | ![]() Mir EP-3 Third and last spaceflight |
Flight Engineer | ![]() Mir EP-2 Third and last spaceflight | None |
Research Cosmonaut | ![]() Mir EP-2 Only spaceflight | ![]() Mir EP-3 Only spaceflight |
Aleksandrov was the first Bulgarian cosmonaut to visit a space station. Mohmand was the first Afghan cosmonaut. |
Soyuz TM-5 launched on 1988 June 7 and arrived at Mir on June 9 carrying the second Bulgarian in space, Alexandrov (not to be confused with the Soviet cosmonaut of the same name). He became the first Bulgarian to reach a Soviet space station (Georgi Ivanov failed to reach Salyut 6 on Soyuz 33 in 1979—Alexandrov was his backup). Their launch had been advanced by 2 weeks late in the planning stages to improve lighting conditions for the Rozhen astronomical experiment.
On September 5 cosmonauts Lyakhov and Mohmand undocked from Mir. They jettisoned the orbital module and made ready for deorbit burn to return to Earth. During descent, the spacecraft experienced a computer software problem combined with a sensor problem. [3] This caused their landing to be delayed by a full day. The Descent Module, where they spent this 24-hour period, had no sanitary facilities. Consequently, they soiled themselves. [4] They would not have been able to redock with Mir because they had discarded the docking system along with the orbital module. [4] Reentry occurred as normal on September 7. Following this incident, the Soviets decided that on future missions, they would retain the orbital module until after deorbit burn, as they had done on the Soyuz Ferry flights. [4]
Mir was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. Mir was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to 1996. It had a greater mass than any previous spacecraft. At the time it was the largest artificial satellite in orbit, succeeded by the International Space Station (ISS) after Mir's orbit decayed. The station served as a microgravity research laboratory in which crews conducted experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology, and spacecraft systems with a goal of developing technologies required for permanent occupation of space.
Soyuz is a series of spacecraft which has been in service since the 1960s, having made more than 140 flights. It was designed for the Soviet space program by the Korolev Design Bureau. The Soyuz succeeded the Voskhod spacecraft and was originally built as part of the Soviet crewed lunar programs. It is launched on a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Between the 2011 retirement of the Space Shuttle and the 2020 demo flight of SpaceX Crew Dragon, the Soyuz served as the only means to ferry crew to or from the International Space Station, for which it remains heavily used. Although China did launch crewed Shenzhou flights during this time, none of them docked with the ISS.
Yuri Pavlovich Gidzenko is a Russian cosmonaut. He was a test cosmonaut of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center (TsPK). Gidzenko has flown into space three times and has lived on board the Mir and the International Space Station. He has also conducted two career spacewalks. Although he retired on July 15, 2001, he continued his employment by a special contract until Soyuz TM-34 concluded. Since 2004 to May 2009, Gidzenko was the Director of the 3rd department within the TsPK. Since May 2009 he serves as the Deputy Chief of Cosmonaut Training Center TsPK.
Vladimir Georgiyevich Titov is a retired Russian Air Force Colonel and former cosmonaut. He has participated in four spaceflight missions. The catastrophic explosion of a Soyuz rocket in 1983 led to him being one of only four people to use a launch escape system. He is married to Alexandra Kozlova, they have two children.
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