Mission type | Crewed mission to ISS |
---|---|
Operator | Roscosmos |
COSPAR ID | 2010-029A |
SATCAT no. | 36603 |
Mission duration | 164 days |
Spacecraft properties | |
Spacecraft type | Soyuz-TMA 11F732 |
Manufacturer | Energia |
Crew | |
Crew size | 3 |
Members | Fyodor Yurchikhin Shannon Walker Douglas H. Wheelock |
Callsign | Olympus [1] |
Start of mission | |
Launch date | 15 June 2010, 21:35 UTC [2] |
Rocket | Soyuz-FG |
Launch site | Baikonur, Site 1/5 |
End of mission | |
Landing date | 26 November 2010, 04:46 UTC |
Landing site | 84 km from the city of Arkalyk. |
Orbital parameters | |
Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
Regime | Low Earth orbit |
Inclination | 51.62° |
Docking with ISS | |
Docking port | Zvezda aft |
Docking date | 17 June 2010 22:25 UTC |
Undocking date | 28 June 2010 19:13 UTC |
Time docked | 10 days, 20 hours and 48 minutes |
Docking with ISS (Relocation) | |
Docking port | Rassvet nadir |
Docking date | 28 June 2010 19:38 UTC |
Undocking date | 26 November 2010 01:19 UTC |
Time docked | 150 days,5 hours and 41 minutes |
From left to right:Wheelock,Walker and Yurchikhin Soyuz programme (Crewed missions) |
Soyuz TMA-19 was a crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) and is part of the Soyuz programme. It was launched on 15 June 2010 carrying three members of the Expedition 24 crew to the International Space Station,who remained aboard the station for around six months. Soyuz TMA-19 was the 106th crewed flight of a Soyuz spacecraft,since the first mission which was launched in 1967. The spacecraft remained docked to the space station for the remainder of Expedition 24,and for Expedition 25,to serve as an emergency escape vehicle. It undocked from ISS and landed in Kazakhstan on 26 November 2010. It was the 100th mission to be conducted as part of the International Space Station programme since assembly began in 1998. [3]
The Soyuz TMA-19 crew was confirmed by NASA on 21 November 2008. [4] The mission Commander is Fyodor Yurchikhin of the Roscosmos,who is making his third spaceflight. The other two crew members are Shannon Walker and Douglas H. Wheelock of the United States NASA and are designated flight engineers. Soyuz TMA-19 is Wheelock's second spaceflight,and Walker's first.
Position | Crew Member | |
---|---|---|
Commander | Fyodor Yurchikhin,Roscosmos Expedition 24 Third spaceflight | |
Flight Engineer 1 | Shannon Walker,NASA Expedition 24 First spaceflight | |
Flight Engineer 2 | Douglas H. Wheelock,NASA Expedition 24 Second spaceflight |
Position [5] | Crew Member | |
---|---|---|
Commander | Dmitri Kondratyev,Roscosmos | |
Flight Engineer 1 | Paolo Nespoli,ESA | |
Flight Engineer 2 | Catherine Coleman,NASA |
Soyuz TMA-19 was launched by a Soyuz-FG launch vehicle from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The launch occurred successfully on 15 June 2010,with the rocket lifting off at 21:35 UTC. [6] After its separation from the last stage of the Soyuz-FG rocket,Moscow Mission Control Center began controlling the Soyuz TMA-19 spacecraft. Nine minutes into the ascent,the spacecraft settled into a preliminary orbit of 200.16 by 259.16 km (124.37 by 161.03 mi) with the inclination 51.62°toward the equator. [3] The Soyuz spacecraft successfully deployed the solar arrays for power generation and the antennas for navigational and communication systems. Telemetry data received from the Soyuz confirmed that the spacecraft was performing nominally.
Prior to launch,assembly of the rocket and spacecraft had been underway for several months. The Soyuz-FG rocket arrived at Baikonur on 11 March 2010,along with a Soyuz-U which was slated to launch Progress M-06M. [7] The spacecraft itself was shipped from Korolyov on 16 April 2010,arriving at Baikonur by train three days later. [8] [9] Upon delivery,the spacecraft was moved to site 254.
On 11 June 2010,final inspections of the spacecraft were conducted,and the spacecraft was then encapsulated in its payload fairing to form the upper composite of the rocket. [10] The next day,the upper composite was integrated with the upper stage of the rocket that was to launch it,and subsequently the launch escape system. This assembly work took place at Site 112 of the Baikonur Cosmodrome. [11] Once this was complete,the upper stage was attached to the remainder of the rocket in the MIK. A State Commission met of 12 June 2010 to approve rollout,which was authorised. [12]
Rollout to the launch pad began at 01:00 UTC on 13 June 2010,with the rocket departing the MIK propelled by a locomotive. Rollout lasted around two hours,with the rocket travelling 2 km (1.2 mi) from the MIK to the launch pad. [13] The winner and runner-up in the patch design competition were present to observe the rollout. Rollout operations were completed by 05:00 UTC,when the rocket was erected on the launch pad. [14]
Soyuz TMA-19 docked with the International Space Station on 17 June 2010 at 22:25 UTC. It docked with the aft port of the Zvezda module. [15] Ahead of docking,the ISS handed over attitude control to the Russian Orbital Segment at 19:00 UTC,and at 19:17 maneuvered to provide an optimum attitude for docking. At 20:06,the automated rendezvous sequence started. The Kurs docking systems aboard the Soyuz and the International Space Station were activated at 20:52 and 20:54 respectively. Soyuz TMA-19 began station keeping at around 20:08 UTC,before it commenced its final approach at 20:16. [16]
Twenty minutes after docking,hooks were closed securing the Soyuz to the station. Once this was completed,the ISS returned to its normal attitude. Attitude control was returned to the US Orbital Segment at 23:45 UTC. [16]
On 28 June 2010,cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin along with NASA astronauts Douglas Wheelock and Shannon Walker boarded their Soyuz TMA-19 spacecraft and undocked from Zvezda Service Module's aft port at 07:13 UTC. [17] They re docked it to its new location on the Rassvet module 25 minutes later as the two spacecraft were flying just off the coast of the Western Sahara on the west coast of Africa. [18] The repositioning of the Soyuz TMA-19 was temporarily delayed due to an electrical breaker problem that delayed proper orientation of the 4B solar array on the space station's P4 truss. [19] The flight went according to plan.
The event marked the first ever docking to the Rassvet module. The change of location released the Zvezda port for the docking of Progress M-06M.
Soyuz TMA-19 undocked from the space station at 01:19 UTC on 26 November 2010. The descent module landed on the central steppes of Kazakhstan at 04:46 UTC,four days earlier than originally planned. [20] The landing had been set for 30 November 2010,but Kazakh officials decided to restrict air traffic before the start of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) summit in Nur-Sultan (Astana),Kazakhstan,set for 1–2 December 2010. [21] The landing site was located 84 km away from the city of Arkalyk.
On 25 November 2010,the crew boarded Soyuz TMA-19 to return to Earth. After closing the hatchway between the Soyuz and the station at 22:14 UTC,they donned their Sokol spacesuits and continued with the power up operations. The crew also activated the Soyuz systems and removed the docking clamps. The undock command was issued at 01:20 UTC when the Soyuz and the station was flying above the Russian-Mongolian border. [22] The physical separation occurred three minutes later at 01:23:13 UTC. [23]
After the separation from the station and at a short distance away,Soyuz TMA-19 executed the so-called "separation burn" (a 15 seconds burn) to vacate the proximity of the space station. About two and half hours later,at 03:55:12 UTC,the Soyuz spacecraft performed the deorbit maneuver which lasted for 4 minutes and 21 seconds,while it flew backwards over the south-central Atlantic Ocean on a north easterly trajectory towards Asia. With the deorbit burn nominally accomplished,the recovery forces comprising 14 helicopters,4 airplanes and 7 search and rescue vehicles [24] were dispatched to the landing zone. [22] At an altitude of 140 kilometers,just above the first traces of the Earth's atmosphere,onboard computers commanded the separation of the three Soyuz TMA-19 modules. With the crew inside the Descent Module,the forward Orbital Module and the rear Instrumentation Module were pyrotechnically nominally jettisoned at 04:21 UTC. [25] Three minutes after the separation,with the heat shield of the Descent Module pointing towards the direction of travel,the Soyuz capsule experienced the first traces of the atmosphere ("entry interface") at 04:23 UTC at an altitude of 120,000 m (390,000 ft) above the Earth. Around 04:28 UTC,the flight path of the capsule crossed the Mediterranean,Turkey and the Black Sea before flying over southern Russia and into Kazakhstan.
At an altitude of about 10 kilometers,onboard computers started a commanded sequence to unfurl the parachutes. Two "pilot" parachutes deployed first,extracting a 24-square-meter drogue parachute. The parachute deployment reduced the velocity of the Soyuz capsule from 230 m/s to 80 m/s and assisted in the capsule's stability by creating a gentle spin for the Soyuz spacecraft. [22] Once the drogue chute was released,the main parachutes were deployed. They further reduced the descent to 7.2 m/s. Initially,the Descent Module hung underneath the main parachute at a 30°angle with respect to the horizon and for the few minutes before the landing,then following the detachment of the bottom-most harness it hung vertically. At this time,flight controllers reported the Soyuz spacecraft was operating as expected on the automatic sequence. During the same time,they were successful in contacting the crew via the fixed-wing aircraft that served as the central command for the search and recovery forces. The recovery forces spotted the Soyuz TMA-19 around 04:36 UTC. At an altitude of five kilometers,the module's heat shield was jettisoned.
At the end of the 164-day voyage,Soyuz TMA-19's landing was confirmed at 04:46 UTC. [26] The recovery team assisted the crew to exit the capsule. First out of the capsule was cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin followed by NASA astronauts Shannon Walker and Douglas Wheelock.
After the successful landing,the Soyuz TMA-19 crew flew to Kostanay in Kazakhstan for the welcoming ceremony. Wheelock and Walker boarded a NASA jet waiting for them in Kostanay for the trip back to the Johnson Space Center in Houston,Texas. Yurchikhin headed for Star City –the home of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Russia. [27]
The Soyuz TMA-19 patch design is based on a drawing by Evgeny Emelianov,the winner of the traditional patch contest organized by the Russian Federal Space Agency. His design shows the ISS and the Earth waiting for the crew to come back. [28]
Fyodor Nikolayevich Yurchikhin is a Russian cosmonaut of Pontic Greek descent,engineer and RSC Energia test-pilot who has flown on five spaceflights. His first spaceflight was a 10-day Space Shuttle mission STS-112. His second was a long-duration stay aboard the International Space Station (ISS) as a flight engineer for Expedition 15;for this mission he was launched in the Soyuz TMA-10 spacecraft. He has undertaken two further long-duration stays aboard the ISS,as a crew member of Expedition 24 / 25. For this mission he was launched with the spacecraft Soyuz TMA-19,and he landed in November 2010,also with the Soyuz TMA-19 spacecraft. He served as Soyuz commander for his fourth mission aboard Soyuz TMA-09M,as flight engineer for Expedition 36 and ISS commander for Expedition 37. In April 2017,Yurchikhin launched on Soyuz MS-04 for the fifth spaceflight of his career,a six-month mission to the ISS as part of Expedition 51 and 52,for which he was the commander.
Mikhail Borisovich Kornienko is a Russian cosmonaut who has undertaken multiple missions to the International Space Station (ISS).
Soyuz TMA-01M was a Soyuz flight that transported three members of the Expedition 25 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-01M was the 107th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft,and the first flight of the modernized TMA-M series. The spacecraft remained docked to the space station during Expedition 25,to serve as an emergency escape vehicle. The spacecraft's COSPAR ID was 2010-052A.
Soyuz TMA-18 was a 2010 Soyuz flight to the International Space Station (ISS). TMA-18 was the 105th crewed flight of a Soyuz spacecraft since the first crewed flight in 1967.
Soyuz TMA-20 was a human spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS) and was part of the Soyuz programme. It lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on December 15,2010,and docked with the ISS two days later. The three-person crew of Soyuz TMA-20 –Dmitri Kondratyev,Catherine Coleman and Paolo Nespoli –represented the ISS partner organizations of Roscosmos,NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA). Soyuz TMA-20's crew represented half of the members of Expedition 27;the other three members of the expedition arrived at the station on board Soyuz TMA-21 on April 6,2011. The COSPAR ID of Soyuz TMA-20 was 2010-067A. It is ISS flight 25S.
Oleg Ivanovich Skripochka is a Russian engineer and cosmonaut. In 2011 he was in space serving as an Expedition 25/26 crewmember.
Expedition 25 was the 25th long-duration mission to the International Space Station (ISS). Expedition 25 began with the Soyuz TMA-18 undocking on 25 September 2010. Three new crewmembers arrived aboard the ISS 10 October 2010 on Soyuz TMA-01M to join Douglas Wheelock,Fyodor Yurchikhin and Shannon Walker,and formed the full six member crew of Expedition 25. NASA astronaut Doug Wheelock accepted command of Expedition 25 on 22 September 2010,taking over from Russia's Aleksandr Skvortsov. The departure of Wheelock,Walker and Yurchikhin on 25 November 2010 marked the official end of Expedition 25.
Soyuz TMA-21 ("Gagarin") was a Soyuz flight to the International Space Station (ISS). It transported three members of the Expedition 27 crew to the ISS,and docked at the station on April 6,2011. TMA-21 is the 109th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft,the first of which launched in 1967. The Soyuz remained attached to the space station as a lifeboat,throughout the remainder of Expedition 27 and through the end of Expedition 28,and returned to Earth on September 16,2011.
Soyuz TMA-02M was a space mission that transported three members of the Expedition 28 crew to the International Space Station. TMA-02M was the 110th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft and the second flight of the improved Soyuz-TMA-M series. The Soyuz remained docked to the space station for the Expedition 28 increment to serve as a potential emergency escape vehicle.
Soyuz TMA-22 was a crewed spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS). TMA-22 was the 111th flight of a Soyuz spacecraft,and transported three members of the Expedition 29 crew to the ISS. The spacecraft docked to the ISS on 16 November 2011,and remained docked to serve as an emergency escape vehicle until its undocking on 27 April 2012. Soyuz TMA-22 successfully landed in Kazakhstan on 27 April 2012 11:45 GMT.
Soyuz TMA-03M was a spaceflight to the International Space Station (ISS). It launched on 21 December 2011 from Site One at the Baikonur Cosmodrome,Kazakhstan,carrying three members of Expedition 30 to the ISS. TMA-03M was the 112th flight of a Russian Soyuz spacecraft,since the first in 1967,and the third flight of the modernised Soyuz-TMA-M version. The docking with the International Space Station took place at 19:19 Moscow Time on 23 December,three minutes ahead of schedule.
Soyuz TMA-04M was a spaceflight to Low Earth orbit that transported three members of the Expedition 31 crew to the International Space Station (ISS),which was launched on 15 May 2012 and landed on 17 September 2012. TMA-04M was the Soyuz spacecraft's 113th flight since its initial launch in 1967,and the fourth launch of the improved Soyuz TMA-M series. As per the mission plan,the spacecraft remained docked to the space station to serve as an emergency escape vehicle during Expedition 31.
Progress M-04M,identified by NASA as Progress 36P,was a Russian Progress spacecraft launched in February 2010 to resupply the International Space Station. It was docked with the aft port of the Zvezda module of the station.
Soyuz TMA-07M was a spaceflight launched to the International Space Station in 2012 which transported three members of the Expedition 34 crew to the station. The Soyuz remained docked to the space station and served as an emergency escape vehicle for the Expedition 35 increment,before returning its crew to Earth in May 2013.
Soyuz TMA-09M was a Russian Soyuz mission to the International Space Station. It transported three members of the Expedition 36 crew to the space station. The Soyuz remained docked to the space station during Expeditions 36 and 37 to serve as an emergency escape vehicle. The spacecraft landed on 11 November 2013,carrying the same three cosmonauts who were aboard for launch. The crew of Soyuz TMA-09M consisted of Fyodor Yurchikhin of Roscosmos,Karen Nyberg of NASA and Luca Parmitano of the European Space Agency.
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