New York State Department of Health

Last updated
New York State Department of Health
New York State Department of Health.svg
Department overview
FormedFebruary 19, 1901 (1901-02-19)
Jurisdiction New York
Headquarters Albany, NY
Department executive
  • James V. McDonald M.D., M.P.H., Commissioner (Appointed June 9, 2023)
Key document
Website www.health.ny.gov OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg

The New York State Department of Health is the department of the New York state government responsible for public health. Its regulations are compiled in title 10 of the New York Codes, Rules and Regulations .

Contents

Infrastructure

New York State relies on a county-based system for delivery of public health services. [1] The Department of Health promotes the prevention and control of disease, environmental health, healthy lifestyles, and emergency preparedness and response; supervises local health boards; oversees reporting and vital records; conducts surveillance of hospitals; does research at the Wadsworth Center; and administers several other health insurance programs and institutions. [1] 58 local health departments offer core services including assessing community health, disease control and prevention, family health, and health education; 37 localities provide environmental health services, while the other 21 rely on the state's Department of Health. [1]

A nurse pinning ceremony at Nazareth College. Nurses represent a majority of rural public health workers. Nurse Pinning Ceremony 2015 (17520908552).jpg
A nurse pinning ceremony at Nazareth College. Nurses represent a majority of rural public health workers.

At the local level, public health workers are found not only in local health agencies but also in private and nonprofit organizations concerned with the public's health. [2] The most common professional disciplines are physicians, nurses, environmental specialists, laboratorians, health educators, disease investigators, outreach workers, and managers, as well as other allied health professions. [2] Nurses represented 22% of the localities' workforce (and 42% of full-time equivalent workers in rural localities), scientific/investigative staff represented 22%–27% of the workforce, support staff represented 28%, education/outreach staff represented 10%, and physicians represented 1%. [1] In 2018 the Department of Health had over 3300 personnel in its central office, three regional offices, three field offices and nine district health offices, and an additional 1400 personnel in its five healthcare institutions. [3]

Facility regulation

The commissioner is the executive enforcement authority over Article 28 healthcare facilities—conducting inspections, determining Medicaid necessity/appropriateness, administering patient-rights and public reporting systems, promulgating specified regulations, and imposing penalties and other compliance actions. [4] Subject to the commissioner's approval, the Public Health and Health Planning Council (PHHPC) is a quasi-legislative that adopts and amends the State Sanitary Code, promulgates Article 28 regulations establishing operating-certificate standards, reporting and accounting systems, hospital classification and cost-finding methodologies, reimbursement and rate-setting frameworks, and penalty systems for residential health care facilities, and also exercises authority over the certificate of need process. [4] [5] [6]

The certificate of need (CON) process is a regulatory mechanism used to oversee the establishment, construction, renovation, and major equipment acquisition of healthcare facilities. [7] [8] The CON process aims to control health care costs and prevent duplicative services by ensuring new investments meet a community need. [9] [10] New York's CON requirements are among the most extensive in the nation, covering all six major categories of health services: hospital beds, non-hospital beds, medical equipment, new facilities, new services, and even emergency medical transport, and New York is unique in applying CON laws to dentists' offices. [11]

The Bellevue Hospital atrium. NYC Health + Hospitals is the largest safety-net hospital system in the US. Bellevue atrium.jpg
The Bellevue Hospital atrium. NYC Health + Hospitals is the largest safety-net hospital system in the US.

The department enforces nurse staffing transparency and planning by requiring Article 28 hospitals and nursing homes to disclose unit-level staffing and nursing-sensitive outcome metrics on request, while general hospitals must maintain nurse-led clinical-staffing committees that annually file and implement unit- and shift-specific staffing plans, incorporating acuity, skill-mix and service-specific minimums (e.g., ICU/CCU, OR, perinatal, burn, PICU, transplant), including a 1:2 RN-to-patient minimum in ICU/critical care. [12]

Public health

The New York State Department of Health, through the Public Health Law and State Sanitary Code, supervises and enforces statewide standards for communicable disease control, nuisance abatement, sanitation, and emergency response, exercising reserve police powers and regulatory authority while overseeing local health officers and coordinating with federal agencies to preserve and protect public health. [13]

Financing

To help offset financial losses from serving Medicaid and uninsured patients, disproportionate share hospital (DSH) payments are distributed through multiple mechanisms. [14] [15] These include the Health Care Reform Act (HCRA)-funded Indigent Care Pool and adjustments for hospitals, DSH intergovernmental transfers for public hospitals, and DSH payments to Institutes for Mental Disease (IMDs). The Indigent Care Pool (ICP) is intended to help cover hospitals’ costs from providing charity care and from unpaid bills classified as bad debt, in addition to their Medicaid shortfalls. [16] [17] Hospitals receive ICP reimbursements for debt even as they collect the same debt from patients, since nothing in the law requires them to credit patient accounts. [18] As of 2018, hospitals received about $1.1 billion per year in ICP funds. [15] [17]

State directed payments (SDPs) allow states to require Medicaid managed care plans to pay providers at specific rates or using defined methods — such as uniform payment increases, minimum fee schedules, or value-based payment models — in addition to the base payment rates negotiated between plans and providers. [19] [20] New York's Directed Payment Template programs (DPTs) include value-based payment initiatives such as population-based payments for patient-centered medical home providers. [21] They also include enhanced reimbursements for safety net, critical access, and sole community facilities, as well as for NYC Health + Hospitals' outpatient services. [22] [23] [24] [25] [26] These payments are delivered through higher capitation rates paid to managed care plans, with the nonfederal share financed by state general funds, HCRA provider taxes, and intergovernmental transfers.

Workforce development

The Health Department's State Board for Professional Medical Conduct and Office of Professional Medical Conduct are responsible for investigating and adjudicating complaints against physicians, physician assistants, and specialist assistants. [27] [28] The Education Department's State Board for Medicine advises on licensing, practice standards, and professional conduct for physicians and physician assistants. [29] The Education Department's State Board for Nursing advises on licensing, professional practice, education standards, and conduct for licensed practical nurses, registered professional nurses, nurse practitioners, and clinical nurse specialists. [30] The Education Department and its boards also regulate the other allied health professions. Other unlicensed assistive personnel such as certified nurse aides, feeding assistants, personal care aides, and home health aides are not licensed but are governed through Department of Health–approved training, competency evaluation, and registry frameworks, while in some cases the Education Department approves educational programs that deliver the required training.

Health information

The Statewide Health Information Network for New York (SHIN-NY, pronounced "shiny") is a health information exchange that allows healthcare providers to access and share patient data, managed by the nonprofit New York eHealth Collaborative. There are several regional health information organizations such as Hixny.

The All-Payer Database (APD) is the state all-payer claims database administered by the department. [31] [32] All-payer claims databases (APCDs) are large state databases that include medical billing claims, pharmacy claims, dental claims, and eligibility and provider files collected from private and public payers to advance the goal of improving health care affordability, efficiency, and cost transparency. [33]

History

In 1866, the state legislature passed the Metropolitan Health Law and established the NYC Metropolitan Board of Health, and in 1870 the legislature replaced it with the NYC Department of Health. [34] [35] The State Board of Health was created 18 May 1880 by the 103rd Legislature. [36] The State Department of Health and its commissioner were created by an act of 19 February 1901 of the 124th Legislature, superseding the board. [37]

The earliest New York state laws regarding public health were quarantine laws for the port of New York, first passed by the New York General Assembly in 1758. [38] [39] The 1793 Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic precipitated the 1799–1800 creation of the New York Marine Hospital, and in 1801 its resident physician and the health officers of the port were constituted as the New York City board of health. [40] [41] [42] The 1826–1837 cholera pandemic precipitated further legislation. In 1847 a law mandated civil registration of vital events (births, marriages, and deaths). The 1881–1896 cholera pandemic further caused an expansion of its powers to compel reporting and to perform the duties of local boards of health. [43]

The 1858 Staten Island Quarantine War was a series of attacks on the New York Marine Hospital in Staten Island Nypl.digitalcollections.510d47e1-281b-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99.001.w.jpg
The 1858 Staten Island Quarantine War was a series of attacks on the New York Marine Hospital in Staten Island

The certificate of need (CON) requirement was created by New York in 1964. [44] [9] [45] In 1965 the department was given central responsibility over hospitals and related facilities. [46] [47] The Nursing Care Quality Protection Act was amended in 2021 requiring general hospitals to establish clinical staffing committees to develop and oversee clinical staffing plans, to include specific nurse-to-patient ratios for each unit and work shift. [48] [49]

The state implemented Medicaid in 1966 and designated the state Department of Social Services as the "single state agency" but required it to contract with the Health Department. [50] [51] The Social Services Department and local social districts were responsible for eligibility determinations and paying claims, while the Health Department and local health districts were responsible for settings standards (including fees schedules) and supervising and surveilling providers. [51] In 2012, the Health Department started assuming administrative responsibilities for Medicaid from the counties. [52] [53] [54] [55]

By 1970 the state began to regulate health insurance reimbursement rates, in 1983 began all-payer rate setting, and by 1986-1988 had moved to a case-based system. [56] In 1982–1983 the state overhauled the hospital reimbursement system by imposing revenue caps, creating regional bad debt and charity care pools, and shifting all payors into a uniform prospective payment methodology (NYPHRM I). [57] [58] [59] In 1987 the New York State Council on Graduate Medical Education was created by executive order. [60] [61] In 1988 the state established a mandatory DRG-based case payment system for all payors, continued bad debt and charity pools through payor add-ons and revenue assessments, provided direct and indirect cost reimbursements for graduate medical education, added quality protections and HMO negotiation authority, and aimed to curb hospital cost growth (NYPHRM III). [62] [63] In 1996 these were replaced by the current Health Care Reform Act (HCRA), allowing negotiated reimbursement rates and establishing tax funding for public goods like graduate medical education, charity care, and public health. [64] [65] [66] The Health Care Reform Act of 2000 (HCRA 2000) was a major extension and modification that made significant changes to how New York State funded hospitals, subsidized care for the uninsured, and managed health insurance programs. [67] [68] In 2006 the Hospital Financial Assistance Law (HFAL or Manny's Law) was enacted requiring hospitals to adopt and publicize uniform financial assistance policies, including income-based limits on charges, sliding-scale discounts, reasonable payment terms, and restrictions on aggressive collections, as a condition for receiving ICP payments. [69] [70]

List of commissioners

NameDates in OfficeGovernors ServedComments
Daniel Lewis March 6, 1901 [71] – Early 1905 Benjamin B. Odell, Jr. Previously was President of the State Board of Health, which became the Department of Health, and served out full term
Eugene H. Porter May 1905 [72] – Early 1914 Frank W. Higgins, Charles Evans Hughes,
Horace White, John Alden Dix,
William Sulzer, Martin H. Glynn 		Served out his term
Hermann M. Biggs January 19, 1914 [73] – June 28, 1923 [74] Martin H. Glynn, Charles S. Whitman,
Alfred E. Smith, Nathan L. Miller 		Died while serving
Matthias Nicoll Jr. July 12, 1923 [75] – January 11, 1930 [76] Alfred E. Smith, Franklin D. Roosevelt Resigned to become Commissioner of the Westchester County (New York) Department of Health
Thomas J. Parran, Jr. March 5, 1930 [77] – May 6, 1936 [78] Franklin D. Roosevelt, Herbert Lehman Resigned to become Surgeon General of the United States Public Health Service
Edward S. Godfrey April 21, 1936 [79] – May 1, 1947 [80] Herbert Lehman, Charles Poletti, Thomas E. Dewey Retired
Herman E. Hilleboe July 1, 1947 [81] – January 7, 1963 [82] Thomas E. Dewey, W. Averell Harriman,
Nelson A. Rockefeller 		Became head of the Division of Public Health Practice at the Columbia University School of Public Health [83]
Hollis S. Ingraham January 7, 1963? [82] – January 2, 1975 [84] [85] Nelson A. RockefellerServed out full term
Robert P. WhalenJanuary 2, 1975 [84] – April 29, 1975 [86] (acting)
April 29, 1975 [86] – December 31,1978 [87] 		Hugh Carey Resigned to become Vice chairman of the New York State Health Planning Commission
David Axelrod January 1, 1979 [88] – May 12, 1991 [89] Hugh Carey, Mario M. Cuomo Resigned after a severe stroke [90]
Lorna McBarnette February 25, 1991 – June 9, 1992Mario M. CuomoActing [91]
Mark R. Chassin June 9, 1992 [92] – December 31, 1994Mario M. CuomoServed out full term
Barbara Ann DeBuono Early February 1995 [93] – November 1, 1998 [94] George E. Pataki Resigned to become an executive in the NewYork-Presbyterian Healthcare System
Dennis P. Whalen November 1, 1998 – June 1999George E. PatakiActing [95]
Antonia C. Novello June 1999 [96] – December 31, 2006George E. PatakiServed out full term
Richard F. Daines February 2007 [97] – December 31, 2010 [98] Eliot Spitzer, David Paterson Served out full term
Nirav R. Shah January 24, 2011 [99] – May 4, 2014 Andrew Cuomo Resigned to become chief operating officer at Kaiser Permanente in Southern California [100]
Howard A. Zucker May 4, 2014 – May 5, 2015 (acting)
May 5, 2015 [101] – December 1, 2021		Andrew Cuomo, Kathy Hochul Part of Governor Cuomo and Hochul's COVID-19 task force during the pandemic [102]
Mary T. Bassett December 1, 2021 – January 1, 2023Kathy HochulPart of Governor Hochul's COVID-19 task force during the pandemic [103]
James V. McDonaldJanuary 1, 2023 – June 9, 2023 (acting)
June 9, 2023 [104] – current		Kathy HochulCurrent commissioner

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 New York State Public Health Council (December 2003). Strengthening New York's Public Health System for the 21st Century. OCLC   180188059.
  2. 1 2 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2001). Public Health's Infrastructure: A Status Report.PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  3. ↑ New York State Public Health Council. NYS Department of Health 2018 Annual Report (PDF).
  4. 1 2 Public Health Law § 2803
  5. ↑ Public Health Law § 225
  6. ↑ "Public Health and Health Planning Council". New York State Department of Health. June 2025. Retrieved 14 September 2025.
  7. ↑ Public Health Law § 2802
  8. ↑ "Certificate of Need (CON)". New York State Department of Health. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
  9. 1 2 NYS Executive Department (22 April 1964), New York State bill jackets - L-1964-CH-0730, New York State Library
  10. ↑ "Certificate of Need State Laws". National Conference of State Legislatures. 26 February 2024. Retrieved 2025-04-22.
  11. ↑ "New York". Conning the Competition (Report). Institute for Justice. 14 April 2025. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
  12. ↑ Public Health Law § 2805-t. 10 NYCRR §§ 400.25, 405.5, 405.22, etc.
  13. ↑ New York State Public Health Legal Manual: A Guide for Judges, Attorneys and Public Health Professionals (2nd ed.). New York State Bar Association. 2020. ISBN   978-1-57969-580-4. OCLC   1455349619.
  14. ↑ Glossary of New York Medicaid Policy (PDF) (Report). Sachs Policy Group. February 2022. pp. 21–22. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
  15. 1 2 Orecki, Patrick (15 February 2019). "Medicaid Supplemental Payments: State Workgroup Makes Limited Progress on Part of the Problem". Citizens Budget Commission. Citizens Budget Commission of New York. Retrieved 22 April 2025.
  16. ↑ Public Health Law §§ 2807-k, 2807-w
  17. 1 2 Tracy, Carrie; Benjamin, Elisabeth Ryden; Dunker, Amanda (January 2018). Unintended Consequences: How New York State Patients and Safety-Net Hospitals Are Short Changed (Report). Community Service Society of New York . Retrieved 22 April 2025.
  18. ↑ Benjamin, Elisabeth; Gabriesheski, Kat (Fall 2005). "The Case for Reform: How New York State's Secret Hospital Charity Care Pool Funds Fail to Help Uninsured and Underinsured New Yorkers" (PDF). Journal of Legislation and Public Policy . 8 (1). Retrieved 9 September 2025.
  19. ↑ Medicaid Managed Care: Rapid Spending Growth in State Directed Payments Needs Enhanced Oversight and Transparency (Report). GAO-24-106202. US Government Accountability Office. 14 December 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
  20. ↑ Directed Payments in Medicaid Managed Care (Report). Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission. October 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
  21. ↑ Snyder, Laura M (1 April 2025). "NY_VBP_PC2_Renewal_20250401-20260331" (PDF). Center for Medicaid and CHIP Services . Retrieved 1 September 2025.
  22. ↑ "Hospital Vital Access Provider Assurance Program (Hospital VAPAP)". New York State Department of Health. December 2024. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
  23. ↑ "Joint Legislative Hearing In the Matter of the 2023-2024 Executive Budget on Health". New York State Senate. 28 February 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2025.
  24. ↑ Gibson, Alexis E (18 July 2024). "NY_Fee_IPH.OPH.BHI_Renewal_20240401-20250331" (PDF). Center for Medicaid and CHIP Services . Retrieved 1 September 2025.
  25. ↑ Gibson, Alexis E (9 July 2024). "NY_Fee_OPH2_Renewal_20240401-20250331" (PDF). Center for Medicaid and CHIP Services . Retrieved 1 September 2025.
  26. ↑ Snyder, Laura M (20 August 2024). "NY_Fee_OPH3_New_20230401-20240331" (PDF). Center for Medicaid and CHIP Services . Retrieved 1 September 2025.
  27. ↑ Public Health Law § 230
  28. ↑ "Understanding New York's Medical Conduct Program - Physician Discipline". New York State Department of Health. March 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2025.
  29. ↑ Education Law § 6523
  30. ↑ Education Law § 6904
  31. ↑ 10 NYCRR § 350.1
  32. ↑ "All-Payer Database". New York State Department of Health. August 2025. Retrieved 13 September 2025.
  33. ↑ "All-Payer Claims Databases". Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality . US Department of Health and Human Services. February 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2025.
  34. ↑ Chapter 74 of the Laws of 1866, volume 1, pages 114–144, enacted 26 February 1866, at § 5.
  35. ↑ Chapter 137, Laws of 1870, enacted 5 April 1870, page 373, at § 30; and also page 388, at § 90 et seq.
  36. ↑ Chapter 322 of the Laws of 1880, pages 465–468, enacted 18 May 1880, at § 13.
  37. ↑ Chapter 29 of the Laws of 1901, pages 31–37, enacted 19 February 1901, at § 4.
  38. ↑ New York State Department of Health (1910). Thirtieth Annual report of the State Department of Health of New York for the year ending December 31, 1909. pp. 490–492. OCLC   1760127.
  39. ↑ "An Act to prevent the bringing in and Spreading of Infectious Distempers in this Colony". The Colonial Laws of New York from the Year 1664 to the Revolution. Vol. 4. J. B. Lyon, state printer. 1894. pp. 237–239. hdl:2027/mdp.39015011398438. LCCN   28028259. Chapter 1061 of Van Schaack, chapter 139 (vol. 2) of Livingston & Smith, enacted 24 March 1758, expired 1 January 1762. See also chapter 1213 on page 707.
  40. ↑ "An act to provide against infectious and pestilential diseases". Laws of New York . Vol.  21st sess. 1798. pp. 227–234. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 65, enacted 30 March 1798.
  41. ↑ "An Act to amend an act entitled An Act to provide against infectious and pestilential diseases". Laws of New York . Vol.  22nd sess. 1799. pp. 319–323. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 19, enacted 25 February 1799.
  42. ↑ "An act to provide against infectious and pestilential diseases". Laws of New York . Vol.  24th sess. 1801. pp. 176–186. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 86, enacted 30 March 1801.
  43. ↑ "An Act in relation to the public health, constituting chapter twenty-five of the general laws". Laws of New York . Vol.  116th sess.: II. 1893. pp. 1493–1563. hdl:2027/nyp.33433090742192. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 661, enacted 9 May 1893, effective immediately.
  44. ↑ "Metcalf–McCloskey Act". Laws of New York . Vol.  187th sess.: II. 1964. pp. 1883–1891. hdl:2027/uc1.a0001834738. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 730, enacted 22 April 1964, effective 1 October 1964.
  45. ↑ Mitchell, Matthew D. (2024). "Certificate of Need Laws in Health Care: Past, Present, and Future". Inquiry . 61: 469580241251937. doi:10.1177/00469580241251937. PMC   11088301 . PMID   38727175. It wasn't until 1964, however, that New York State enacted the first CON law in health care.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  46. ↑ "An Act…". Laws of New York . Vol.  188th sess.: II. 1965. pp. 1873–1886. hdl:2027/nyp.33433107706123. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 795, enacted 16 July 1965, effective 1 February 1966.
  47. ↑ NYS Executive Department (16 July 1965), New York State bill jackets - L-1965-CH-0795, New York State Library
  48. ↑ Counsel to the Governor (16 September 2009), NYS Bill and Veto Jackets: 2009, Chapter 422, New York State Archives
  49. ↑ Counsel to the Governor (18 June 2021), NYS Bill and Veto Jackets: 2021, Chapter 155, New York State Archives
  50. ↑ "An act to amend the social welfare law, the code of criminal procedure, the family court act, the local finance law, the mental hygiene law and the administrative code of the city of New York, in relation to medical assistance for needy persons". Laws of New York . Vol.  189th sess.: I. 1966. pp. 844–880. hdl:2027/uc1.b4378123. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 256, approved 30 April 1966.
  51. 1 2 US Senate Special Committee on Aging Subcommittee on Long-Term Care (1976). Fraud and Abuse Among Practitioners Participating in the Medicaid Program (Report). GPO. p. 121. LCCN   77600797 . Retrieved 2024-12-22.
  52. ↑ Social Services Law § 365-n.
  53. ↑ "FY 2012-2013 enacted health and mental hygiene budget". Laws of New York . 2012. pp. 42, at section 6 of part F. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 56, enacted 30 March 2012.
  54. ↑ Counsel to the Governor (30 March 2012), NYS Bill and Veto Jackets: 2012, Chapter 56, New York State Archives
  55. ↑ Medicaid Administration: Annual Report to the Governor and Legislature (PDF) (Report). New York State Department of Health. December 2019. p. 2. Retrieved 2024-12-22.
  56. ↑ I Fraser (1 January 1995). "Rate regulation as a policy tool: lessons from New York State". Health Care Financing Review. 16 (3): 151–175. ISSN   0195-8631. PMC   4193515 . PMID   10142575. Wikidata   Q33557855.
  57. ↑ "An Act to amend the public health law, the social services law, the insurance law and the state finance law, in relation to hospital reimbursement provisions with respect to governmental agencies, non-profit medical and dental indemnity or health and hospital service corporations and health maintenance organizations". Laws of the State of New York Passed at the Sessions of the Legislature . 205th sess.: II: 2322–2344. 1982. hdl:2027/umn.31951d02282637s. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 536, enacted 20 July 1982, effective 1 January 1983.
  58. ↑ NYS Executive Department (20 July 1982), New York State bill jackets - L-1982-CH-0536, New York State Library
  59. ↑ St. Joseph's Hospital Health Center v. Department of Health, 247A.D.2d136 (App. Div. 3d Dep't1998).
  60. ↑ Executive order no. 98: establishing a new state council on graduate medical education, 13 May 1987
  61. ↑ "New York State Council on Graduate Medical Education (NYS COGME)". New York State Department of Health. November 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2025.
  62. ↑ "An act to… provide for a comprehensive survey of health care financing, education, and illness prevention and creating councils for the conduct thereof, in relation to general hospital revenue and reimbursement of inpatient services…". Laws of the State of New York Passed at the Sessions of the Legislature . 211th sess.: I: 3–44. 1988. hdl:2027/nyp.33433107706404. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 2, enacted 20 January 1988, effective immediately.
  63. ↑ NYS Executive Department (20 January 1988), New York State bill jackets - L-1988-CH-0002, New York State Library
  64. ↑ "New York Health Care Reform Act of 1996". Laws of New York . Vol.  219th sess.: III. 1996. pp. 3243–3348. hdl:2027/nyp.33433017532965. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 639, enacted 12 September 1996, effective immediately and entering into force 1 July 1996 with caveats.
  65. ↑ Counsel to the Governor (12 September 1996), NYS Bill and Veto Jackets: 1996, Chapter 639, New York State Archives
  66. ↑ Orecki, Patrick (2020-03-05). Six Things to Know About New York State Health Care Reform Act (HCRA) Taxes. Citizens Budget Commission (Report). New York: Citizens Budget Commission. Retrieved 2025-03-28.
  67. ↑ "New York Health Care Reform Act of 2000". Laws of New York . Vol.  222nd sess.: I. 1999. pp. 1–80. hdl:2027/nyp.33433017533005. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 1, enacted 30 December 1999.
  68. ↑ Counsel to the Governor (30 December 1999), NYS Bill and Veto Jackets: 1999, Chapter 1, New York State Archives
  69. ↑ "FY 2006-2007 enacted health and mental hygiene budget". Laws of New York . Vol.  229th sess.: II. 2006. 2141–2211, § 39-a at pages 2152-2156. hdl:2027/nyp.33433076351273. ISSN   0892-287X. Chapter 57, enacted 12 April 2006.
  70. ↑ Counsel to the Governor (12 April 2006), NYS Bill and Veto Jackets: 2006, Chapter 57, New York State Archives
  71. ↑ "Nominations Confirmed". New York Times. March 7, 1901. p. 6. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  72. ↑ "McMackin Out, Sherman In Child — Labor Committee Wins Fight — Homeopath for Health Board". New York Times. May 4, 1905. p. 5. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  73. ↑ "Dr. Biggs Health Chief — Nominated for State Commissioner and Quickly Confirmed". New York Times. January 20, 1914. p. 6. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
  74. ↑ "Dr. Hermann Biggs Dies of Pneumonia — State Commissioner of Health Stricken at His Camp in Adirondacks — Long Eminent In City — He Introduced Diphtheria Antitoxin in This Country and Was an Authority on Tuberculosis". New York Times. June 29, 1923. p. 17. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  75. ↑ "Dr. Nicoll Health Chief — Governor Smith Appoints Former Associate of Dr. Biggs". New York Times. July 13, 1923. p. 14. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  76. ↑ "Dr. Nicoll Resigns State Health Post — Physician, Just Reappointed, Will Take the Place of Commissioner in Westchester — Will Form a County Unit — Free Hand Has Been Granted to Him to Organize Service — Praised by Governor Roosevelt". New York Times. January 12, 1930. p. 27. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  77. ↑ "Condemns Delaying State Building Bill — Governor Takes Republicans to Task for Holding Up Appropriation Two Months — Eleven Bills Approved — They Include an Addition to Workmen's Compensation Law — Two Measures Are Vetoed". New York Times. March 6, 1930. p. 5. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  78. ↑ "Dr. Parran is Sworn In — He Becomes Surgeon General as Morgenthau Praises Record". New York Times. May 7, 1936. p. 18. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  79. ↑ "Jury-Change Bill Killed at Albany — Proposal for Five-sixths Verdicts in Civil Suits Beaten in Senate After Attack — Injury Measures Lost — Byrn Proposals All Defeated — Godfrey Confirmed as State Health Commissioner". New York Times. April 22, 1936. p. 4. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  80. ↑ "Dr. Godfrey Quits State Health Post — Retiring Commissioner Hails Freedom Given Him by Both Dewey and Lehman". New York Times. May 2, 1947. p. 26. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  81. ↑ "Dr. Hilleboe Begins State Health Task — E.J. Donovan, D.H. Grant Enter Parole Board — MacCormack Assumes Standards Duties". New York Times. July 2, 1947. p. 24. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  82. 1 2 "Page 4 of a Summary of the News During Period of the New York Newspaper Strike". New York Times. April 1, 1963. p. 32. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  83. ↑ "Miscellany — Herman E. Hilleboe, M.D.". Archives of Environmental Health. 12 (6): 786. 1966. doi:10.1080/00039896.1966.10664482.
  84. 1 2 "Carey Tours Two Agencies and Vows To Improve Health-Care Monitoring". New York Times. January 3, 1975. p. 28. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  85. ↑ "Hollis Ingraham, 86, Health Official". New York Times. June 2, 1994. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  86. 1 2 "Snag Develops in Albany On U.D.C. Fiscal Trouble - New Officials". New York Times. April 30, 1975. p. 41. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  87. ↑ "Whalen Resigns As Health Chief". New York Times. December 2, 1978. p. 27. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  88. ↑ McNeil, Jr., Donald G. (December 27, 1978). "3 Chemical Sites Near Love Canal Possible Hazard". New York Times. p. B1. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  89. ↑ Sack, Kevin (April 18, 1991). "Axelrod Retires From Health Post". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  90. ↑ Sack, Kevin (February 27, 1991). "Health Commissioner Is in Intensive Care". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  91. ↑ "New York Health Care: Less Money, More Ills, No Chiefs". New York Times. June 1, 1991. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  92. ↑ "Health Chief Is Confirmed After Long Delay". New York Times. June 10, 1992. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  93. ↑ Fritsch, Jane (March 8, 1995). "State Regulators Review New York City's Public Hospitals". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  94. ↑ Fisher, Ian (July 29, 1998). "Health Commissioner Is Leaving". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  95. ↑ Hernandez, Raymond (May 27, 1999). "U.S. Lets New York Shift Most Poor to Managed Care". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  96. ↑ Levy, Clifford J. (June 19, 1999). "Albany Notes; A Longer Lobbying Law, But Not a Tougher One — Winning Over The Skeptics". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  97. ↑ Finn, Robin (February 2, 2007). "New Man in the Hot Seat of State Health Commissioner". New York Times. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  98. ↑ Hartocollis, Anemona (March 2, 2011). "Richard F. Daines, 60, Ex-State Health Chief". New York Times. p. A23. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
  99. ↑ "Governor Cuomo Announces Health Commissioner Unanimously Confirmed by New York State Senate". www.governor.ny.gov. Office of the Governor of New York. January 24, 2011. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  100. ↑ "Press Release — Nirav Shah, MD, Joins Kaiser Permanente — Former New York State Health Commissioner to Lead Southern California Clinical Operations". share.kaiserpermanente.org. Kaiser Permanente. May 5, 2014. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  101. ↑ "New York State Senate Standing Committee on Health - Preliminary Legislative Highlights 2015 Legislative Session" (PDF). www.nysenate.gov. New York State Senate. July 2015. p. 6. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
  102. ↑ "At Novel Coronavirus Briefing, Governor Cuomo Confirms 11 Additional Cases - Bringing Statewide Total to 33". Governor Andrew M. Cuomo. 2020-03-06. Retrieved 2020-08-07.
  103. ↑ Silberstein, Rachel (December 2, 2023). "N.Y. health commissioner Mary Bassett to step down". Albany Times Union. Retrieved February 18, 2023.
  104. ↑ Silberstein, Rachel (June 16, 2023). "New York's health commissioner chose medicine over the pharmacy business". Albany Times-Union. Retrieved June 21, 2023.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.