Newcombia canaliculata

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Newcombia canaliculata
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Subclass: Heterobranchia
Order: Stylommatophora
Family: Achatinellidae
Genus: Newcombia
Species:
N. canaliculata
Binomial name
Newcombia canaliculata
Baldwin, 1905

Newcombia canaliculata is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Achatinellidae. This species is endemic to Hawaii.

Contents

Taxonomy

The Newcombia genus is divided into three series: [2]

  1. Newcombia plicata
  2. Newcombia philippiana
  3. Newcombia cumingi

Distribution & Habitat

These mollusks have been found in the Hawaiian Archipelago, on Halawa, Molokai and Wailau, Mau i. [3] Though rarely seen, they can be found resting at higher, mesic elevations. Commonly they camouflage as pieces of a tree branch. [4] They live on lehua trees, as well as lantana trees. [5]

Description

Newcombia canaliculata has a long, sinistral, thin textured spiral shell, made up of calcium carbonate that ranges in varieties of brown tones. [5] Shells may be solid colors completely, or have multiple tinges/patterns of neutral colors like white, black and brown. What makes the Newcombia canaliculata so unique is its thin spiral ribbing coiled around the shell. [5] Additionally some snails may have zigzag patterns on a single whorl and oftentimes appear  “blurred.” [5]

Conservation

Newcombia canaliculata on the IUCN Red list as critically endangered. They were recently thought to be extinct until a recent discovery on the island of Molokai. [6]

Threats

These mollusk are at risk to predation by rats (Rattus rattus, Rattus exulans, and Rattus nowegicus) and Chameleons ( Chamaeleo jacksonii). Predation as well as low reproductive rates and inbreeding are all threats to Newcombia canaliculata. [6]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">David Dwight Baldwin</span> American businessman, educator, and biologist (1831-1912)

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References

  1. Mollusc Specialist Group (1996). "Newcombia canaliculata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1996: e.T14747A4459903. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T14747A4459903.en . Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  2. Severns, Mike. "A new species of Newcombia from the Pleistocene of Kaua ‘i, Hawaiian Islands, USA (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Achatinellidae)." Basteria 73.1/3 (2009): 57-60.
  3. "WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Newcombia canaliculata wailauensis Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1912". www.marinespecies.org. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
  4. "Newcombia canaliculata – Hawaii State Snails Voting Platform" . Retrieved 2023-11-13.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Tryon, George W.; Tryon, George W.; Baker, H. Burrington; Cooke, C. Montague; Hyatt, Alpheus; Pilsbry, Henry Augustus (1912). Manual of conchology, structural and systematic : with illustrations of the species. Vol. ser.2:v.22 (1912-1914). Philadelphia: Published by the Author.
  6. 1 2 "Newcombia". Division of Forestry and Wildlife: Native Ecosystems Protection & Management. 2020-12-30. Retrieved 2023-11-13.