North Branch Mehoopany Creek

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North Branch Mehoopany Creek
North Fork Mehoopany Creek, North Branch Mehoppany Creek
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationWilmot Township, Pennsylvania
 • elevation1,560 ft (480 m)
Mouth  
 • location
Mehoopany Creek in Forkston Township, Wyoming County, Pennsylvania near Forkston
 • coordinates
 41°32′03″N76°07′23″W / 41.5341°N 76.1231°W / 41.5341; -76.1231
 • elevation
755 ft (230 m)
Length14 mi (23 km)
Basin features
ProgressionMehoopany Creek → Susquehanna River → Chesapeake Bay
Tributaries 
 • left Wolf Run, Sciota Brook, Miller Brook, Douglas Hollow, Farr Hollow
 • right Smith Cabin Run, Barnes Brook, Catlin Brook, Burgess Brook

North Branch Mehoopany Creek (also known as North Fork Mehoopany Creek or North Branch Mehoppany Creek) is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Bradford County, Sullivan County, and Wyoming County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 14 miles (23 km) long and flows through Wilmot Township in Bradford County, Colley Township in Sullivan County, and North Branch Township and Forkston Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 40.0 square miles (104 km2). The creek has eight named direct tributaries, including hollows. In the 1940s and 1950s, the average discharge for September was found to be just 6.8 cubic feet per second (0.19 m3/s), but was found to be over 100 cubic feet per second (2.8 m3/s) for July and August.

Contents

North Branch Mehoopany Creek has a deep, narrow valley, with "rough and hilly" topography. The upper reaches of the creek's watershed contain swamps and small lakes. Although forested land is the most prevalent land use in the creek's watershed, agricultural land is also present. A number of bridges have been constructed over the creek. Its watershed is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. The creek has wild trout naturally reproducing within it.

Course

North Branch Mehoopany Creek begins in Wilmot Township, Bradford County. It flows south for several tenths of a mile, flowing through an unnamed lake, before turning southwest and then south-southeast, entering Colley Township, Sullivan County and crossing Pennsylvania Route 87. After several tenths of a mile, the creek turns east-southeast for several tenths of a mile before receiving the tributary Wolf Run from the left. It then meanders south for a few tenths of a mile to receive the tributary Smith Cabin Run from the right. The creek then flows east, continuing to follow Pennsylvania Route 87. After more than a mile, it turns southeast and then east again for several tenths of a mile. It then turns northeast for several tenths of a mile, receiving the tributary Barnes Brook from the right and the tributary Scotia Brook from the left and turning east. [1]

North Branch Mehoopany Creek then enters North Branch Township, Wyoming County and flows east-northeast for a few miles, still following Pennsylvania Route 87. It receives the tributary Miller Brook from the left and then turns east-southeast for more than a mile, receiving the tributaries Burgess Brook from the left and Douglas Hollow from the right. The creek then turns east-northeast and enters Forkston Township, where it turns east-northeast. After several tenths of a mile, it turns east for several tenths of a mile, receiving the tributary Farr Hollow from the left and turning south. A short distance further downstream, the creek reaches its confluence with Mehoopany Creek. [1]

North Branch Mehoopany Creek is approximately 14 miles (23 km) long. [1] The creek joins Mehoopany Creek 6.26 miles (10.07 km) upstream of its mouth. [2]

Hydrology and climate

Between 1942 and 1958, the average annual discharge of North Branch Mehoopany Creek near Lovelton ranged from 33.4 cubic feet per second (0.95 m3/s) in 1954 to 67.8 cubic feet per second (1.92 m3/s) in 1948. [3] Between December 1940 and September 1958, the months of the year with the highest average discharge were April and March, with discharges of 108 and 102 cubic feet per second (3.1 and 2.9 m3/s), respectively. The months of the year with the lowest average discharge were September and July, with discharges of 6.8 and 13 cubic feet per second (0.19 and 0.37 m3/s). The highest average discharge for an individual month was 294.7 cubic feet per second (8.34 m3/s), which occurred in April 1958. The lowest was 0.813 cubic feet per second (0.0230 m3/s), which occurred in September 1941. [4]

In the early 1900s, the average annual rate of precipitation in the watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek is 35 to 40 inches (89 to 102 cm). [5]

Geography and geology

The elevation near the mouth of North Branch Mehoopany Creek is 755 feet (230 m) above sea level. [6] The elevation near the creek's source is 1,560 feet (480 m) above sea level. [1]

The topography of the watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek has been described as "rough and hilly". [5] The creek has a deep and narrow valley flanked by steep hills. [5] [7] In the early 1900s, the creek's valley was noted to be very fertile. [7] Near the headwaters, there are swamps and small lakes. The creek has a channel that is sinuous and flows through rock formations consisting of sandstone and shale. [5]

The bedrock in the watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek consists entirely of sandstone. [8] The Arnot-Oquaga-Dystrochrepts soil association occurs between North Branch Mehoopany Creek and Mehoopany Creek. In the 2000s, accelerated erosion of streambanks and lateral shifting were identified at five locations on North Branch Mehoopany Creek. This was caused by man-made alterations after Tropical Storm Agnes in 1972 and other flooding events, as well as dredging in the creek. Remedying this would reduce the sediment load of Mehoopany Creek. [9]

Watershed

The watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek has an area of 40.0 square miles (104 km2). [2] The mouth of the creek is in the United States Geological Survey quadrangle of Forkston. However, its source is in the quadrangle of Meshoppen. [6] The creek's mouth is located within 1 mile (1.6 km) of Forkston. [2] There are 56.9 miles (91.6 km) of streams within the creek's watershed. [8] The watershed of the creek occupies parts of Wyoming County, Sullivan County, and Bradford County. [5]

There is a 65-acre (26 ha) pond known as Saxe Pond in the upper reaches of the watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek. [1] The pond has a dam in Wilmot Township, Bradford County. [10] Pennsylvania Route 87 runs alongside the creek for much of its length. [11] There is a stream gage on the creek near Lovelton, at an elevation of 842.67 feet (256.85 m) above sea level. The creek drains an area of 35.2 square miles (91 km2) at this point. [3]

The main land use in the watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek is forested land, but there are significant areas of agricultural land as well. The watershed of the creek contains 10 drilled wells and another 14 permitted wells. [8]

North Branch Mehoopany Creek is the largest tributary of Mehoopany Creek, forming approximately a third of the creek's watershed. [9]

History

North Branch Mehoopany Creek was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1193036. The creek is also known as North Fork Mehoopany Creek and North Fork Mehoppany Creek. [6] The latter variant name appears in a 1983 county highway map created by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. [12] However, in 1969, civil engineer Ronald W. Hurs was unable to find any evidence that locals referred to the creek as "North Fork Mehoopany Creek". Deeds dating back to about 100 years before that all called the creek "North Branch Mehoopany Creek". [13] North Branch Township probably takes its name from the creek. [14]

The first road in North Branch Township, Wyoming County was built from Forkston up the valley of North Branch Mehoopany Creek. [14] In the early 1900s, the main industry in the watershed of North Branch Mehoopany Creek was agriculture. Major communities in the creek's watershed at the time included Lovelton, with 136 people, and Colley, with 75 people. The creek was used as water power for a gristmill at Lovelton in the early 1900s. [5]

A two-span prestressed box beam or girders bridge carrying State Route 3001 over North Branch Mehoopany Creek was built in Forkston Township, Wyoming County in 1987 and is 89.9 feet (27.4 m) long. [15] A steel stinger/multi-beam or girder bridge carrying T-410 over the creek was built in Colley Township, Sullivan County in 1925 and is 33.1 feet (10.1 m) long. [16]

In 1973, a 21-year-old man drowned in North Branch Mehoopany Creek. [17]

When the Mehoopany and Little Mehoopany Creek Watershed Assessment was completed by Borton-Lawson in 2003, North Branch Mehoopany Creek was identified as "problem area" in need of restoration. [9] However, by 2013, projects were being done to stabilize the banks of the creek. [18] The Institute for Energy and Environmental Research was planning on installing a real-time continuous monitor on the creek, but flooding has made these plans uncertain. [8]

Biology

Wild trout naturally reproduce in North Branch Mehoopany Creek from its upper reaches downstream to its mouth. [19] The drainage basin of the creek is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. [20] A total of 25.0 miles (40.2 km) of streams in the creek's watershed are designated a Natural Trout Reproduction, while 10.8 miles (17.4 km) are Trout Stocked. [8] In the 1980s, the creek was noted to be best for trout fishing in the early part of the season. [11]

North Branch Mehoopany Creek is stocked with trout. [9] In the 1980s, it was stocked with brook trout, brown trout, and rainbow trout. [11] Stocking occurs in both Wyoming County and Sullivan County. [21] In the 2000s, a total of 31 species of fish were observed in the creek, including darters, daces, suckers, and bluegills. [9]

North Branch Mehoopany Creek is too small to support viable hellbender populations, even at its mouth. [22]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mehoopany Creek</span>

Mehoopany Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Sullivan and Wyoming counties, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 26.8 miles (43.1 km) long. In Sullivan County the creek flows through Colley Township and in Wyoming County it flows through Forkston Township and Mehoopany Township. The stream's watershed has an area of 123 square miles (320 km2). Its major tributaries include Stony Brook and North Fork Mehoopany Creek.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sugar Hollow Creek</span> River

Sugar Hollow Creek is a tributary of Bowman Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 4.7 miles (7.6 km) long and flows through Mehoopany Township and Eaton Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 7.07 square miles (18.3 km2). The creek is not designated as an impaired waterbody. The surficial geology near its mouth consists of alluvium, Wisconsinan Outwash, and Wisconsinan Till. The creek is a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery, a Migratory Fishery, and Class A Wild Trout Waters.

South Branch Roaring Run is a tributary of Roaring Run in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.0 miles (3.2 km) long and flows through Noxen Township and Forkston Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 3.31 square miles (8.6 km2). The surficial geology in its vicinity consists of bedrock, Wisconsinan Till, Wisconsinan Bouldery Till, Wisconsinan Ice-Contact Stratified Drift, and alluvium. South Branch Roaring Run is classified as Class A Wild Trout Waters.

Fox Hollow is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 0.8 miles (1.3 km) long and flows through Mehoopany Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.83 square miles (4.7 km2). The Fox Hollow Swamp is listed on A Natural Areas Inventory of Wyoming County.

Rogers Hollow is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.2 miles (3.5 km) long and flows through Mehoopany Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 2.44 square miles (6.3 km2). The creek is classified as a Coldwater Fishery and is in the vicinity of Mehoopany Mountain and Doll Mountain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">White Brook</span> River

White Brook is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) long and flows through North Branch Township and Forkston Township, in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. The stream's watershed has an area of 1.75 square miles (4.5 km2). The stream is classified as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery. It has a small waterfall and a hiking path is located nearby.

Scouten Brook is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.2 miles (3.5 km) long and flows through Forkston Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.66 square miles (6.9 km2). The stream is designated as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery and has wild trout. It is one of five large brooks to cut through South Mountain.

Kasson Brook is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.7 miles (4.3 km) long and flows through Forkston Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 4.53 square miles (11.7 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody and is classified as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery. It is one of several streams to cut through South Mountain.

Henry Lott Brook is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.4 miles (3.9 km) long and flows through Forkston Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.68 square miles (6.9 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody and it is classified as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery. It is one of five large tributaries of Mehoopany Creek to cut through the Mehoopany Creek-Bowman Creek watershed divide.

South Brook is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Luzerne County and Wyoming County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 6.0 miles (9.7 km) long and flows through Ross Township and Lake Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania in Luzerne County and Forkston Township in Wyoming County. The watershed of the stream has an area of 10.1 square miles (26 km2). Wild trout are present in the stream and it has one named tributary, which is known as Opossum Brook.

Bellas Brook is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.3 miles (3.7 km) long and flows through Forkston Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.71 square miles (7.0 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody and is classified as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery.

Wolf Run is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Bradford County and Sullivan County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.2 miles (5.1 km) long and flows through Wilmot Township in Bradford County and Colley Township in Sullivan County. The stream's watershed has an area of 3.45 square miles (8.9 km2), most of which is agricultural land and woodlots. In a 2001 study, seven species of fish were found in Wolf Run, but no gamefish. More recently, wild trout have been observed as well.

Farr Hollow is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 3.1 miles (5.0 km) long and flows through Windham Township and North Branch Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 2.99 square miles (7.7 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody and flows through a mixture of forested and agricultural land. Eleven different fish species have been observed in the stream, including brook trout.

Douglas Hollow is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.7 miles (2.7 km) long and flows through North Branch Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.57 square miles (4.1 km2). The stream is classified as a Coldwater Fishery and is inhabited by four fish species, including wild brook trout. Its entire length is within 300 meters (980 ft) of a road, and it flows through a mixture of forested and agricultural land.

Miller Brook is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.2 miles (3.5 km) long and flows through North Branch Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 3.86 square miles (10.0 km2). The stream is not designated as an impaired waterbody. Wild trout naturally reproduce in the stream, and several other fish species have been observed.

Sciota Brook is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Bradford County, Sullivan County, and Wyoming County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.0 miles (3.2 km) long and flows through Wilmot Township in Bradford County, Colley Township in Sullivan County, and North Branch Township in Wyoming County. The watershed of the stream has an area of 3.23 square miles (8.4 km2). The stream itself is a moderate-gradient stream in an area consisting primarily of agricultural land and woodlots.

Barnes Brook is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County and Sullivan County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.8 miles (2.9 km) long and flows through North Branch Township in Wyoming County and Colley Township in Sullivan County. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.98 square miles (5.1 km2). It is a high-gradient stream that flows mainly through forested lands, and has one named tributary.

Coffee Brook is a tributary of Barnes Brook in Wyoming County and Sullivan County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.1 miles (1.8 km) long and flows through North Branch Township in Wyoming County and Colley Township in Sullivan County. The watershed of the stream has an area of 0.86 square miles (2.2 km2). The stream itself has a high gradient and primarily flows through forested lands. Access is difficult due to a lack of nearby roads and extensive private property signs in the area.

Smith Cabin Run is a tributary of North Branch Mehoopany Creek in Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 1.6 miles (2.6 km) long and flows through Colley Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.45 square miles (3.8 km2). The stream has a high gradient and flows primarily through forested land. It has an unnamed pond at its headwaters and a 20-foot (6.1 m) waterfall on an unnamed tributary.

Little Mehoopany Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 8.4 miles (13.5 km) long and flows through Windham Township and Mehoopany Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 11.3 square miles (29 km2), most of which is forested land and agricultural land. No stream in the watershed is designated as an impaired waterbody. The main rock formation in the watershed is the Catskill Formation and the main soil association is the Wellsboro-Oquaga-Morris.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 United States Geological Survey, The National Map Viewer , retrieved August 25, 2016
  2. 1 2 3 Pennsylvania Gazetteer of Streams (PDF), November 2, 2001, p. 107, retrieved August 30, 2016
  3. 1 2 United States Geological Survey, USGS 01533500 North Branch Mehoopany Creek near Lovelton, PA , retrieved August 28, 2016
  4. ↑ United States Geological Survey, USGS 01533500 North Branch Mehoopany Creek near Lovelton, PA , retrieved August 28, 2016
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pennsylvania Water Supply Commission (1921), Water Resources Inventory Report ..., Parts 1-5, p. 441, retrieved August 27, 2016
  6. 1 2 3 Geographic Names Information System, Feature Detail Report for: North Branch Mehoopany Creek , retrieved August 25, 2016
  7. 1 2 George Streby (1903), History of Sullivan County, Pennsylvania, p. 3, retrieved August 28, 2016
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, Water Quality Data Management, Wilkes University, archived from the original on March 13, 2015, retrieved August 27, 2016
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 Pennsylvania Environmental Council, Wyoming County Office of Community Planning, Mehoopany Creek Watershed Association (March 31, 2007), MEHOOPANY CREEK and LITTLE MEHOOPANY CREEK WATERSHEDS RIVERS CONSERVATION PLAN (PDF), pp. 5, 14–15, 25, retrieved August 27, 2016{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ↑ R. Jeffrey Kimball (April 1981), National Dam Inspection Program. Saxe Pond Dam (NDI I.D. Number PA-729, DER ID Number 8-10) Susquehanna River Basin. North Branch Mehoopany Creek, Bradford County, Pennsylvania. Phase I Inspection Report , retrieved August 27, 2016
  11. 1 2 3 Steve Shabbick (August 1986), Wyoming County (PDF), Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission, p. 15, retrieved August 27, 2016
  12. ↑ Geographic Names Information System, Variant Citation , retrieved August 25, 2016
  13. ↑ Ronald W. Hurs (August 15, 1969), PA_1193036_001_North Branch Mehoopany Creek_frm_1969.pdf , retrieved August 25, 2016
  14. 1 2 History of Luzerne, Lackawanna, and Wyoming Counties, Pa, 1880, pp. 513, 526, retrieved August 28, 2016
  15. ↑ Wyoming County , retrieved August 25, 2016
  16. ↑ Sullivan County , retrieved August 26, 2016
  17. ↑ "Man Drowns In Creek", Reading Eagle , p. 12, August 6, 1973, retrieved August 28, 2016
  18. ↑ Mehoopany Creek Watershed Association (Spring 2013), Newsletter (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2017, retrieved August 28, 2016
  19. ↑ Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (July 2016), Pennsylvania Wild Trout Waters (Natural Reproduction) - July 2016 (PDF), p. 101, retrieved August 25, 2016
  20. ↑ "§ 93.9i. Drainage List I. Susquehanna River Basin in Pennsylvania Susquehanna River", Pennsylvania Code , retrieved August 27, 2016
  21. ↑ Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (2016), NORTHEAST REGION - Regulated Trout Waters, archived from the original on May 15, 2015, retrieved August 27, 2016
  22. ↑ Art Hulse, WRC Hellbender Project (PDF), p. 4, archived from the original (PDF) on May 10, 2017, retrieved August 28, 2016
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